ABSTRACT
The study of seaweeds is increasing in viticulture due to their implications on plant protection and grape quality. This trial aimed to study the effects of foliar applications of an Ascophyllum nodosum extract at low (0.25%, v v-1) and high (0.50%, v v-1) dosages on grape and wine phenolic compounds in 2017 and 2018. In grapes, seaweed biostimulation increased the content of malvidin-3-glc, myricetin-3-glc and myricetin-3-gal in 2017 season. Moreover, both treatments improved the synthesis of trans-piceid and total stilbenes in both seasons. Sensory analysis revealed that 2017 wines had more color than the 2018 wines, which coincided with color intensity parameters. Therefore, seaweed applications to grapevines improved stilbenes content in grapes independently of the season and its effects on the rest of phenolic compounds in grapes and wines depended strongly of season factor.
Subject(s)
Phenols/analysis , Seaweed/chemistry , Vitis/chemistry , Wine/analysis , Ascophyllum/chemistry , Color , Fruit/chemistryABSTRACT
Salivary glands of female mosquitoes produce proteins, not completely described yet, that participate in carbohydrate and blood feeding. Here, we report an acidic glycoprotein of 35 kDa (GP35 ANOAL) secreted in the saliva of the malaria vector mosquito Anopheles albimanus. GP35 ANOAL is produced exclusively in the distal lateral lobes of adult female salivary glands, it has a pI of 4.45 and is negatively stained by regular silver stain. An 888 bp cDNA clone encoding a predicted product of 240 amino acids has a signal peptide, potential post-translational modification sites, and a disintegrin signature RGD. The GP35 ANOAL sequence depicts high similarities with the 30 kDa saliva allergen of Aedes aegypti, 30 kDa allergen-like hypothetical proteins, and GE-rich proteins present in several Anopheles species, as well as in Ae. albopictus and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus. The function of this protein family is still unknown.
Subject(s)
Anopheles/metabolism , Glycoproteins/metabolism , Insect Proteins/metabolism , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Anopheles/genetics , Anopheles/growth & development , Base Sequence , Female , Glycoproteins/genetics , Insect Proteins/genetics , Molecular Sequence Data , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Salivary Glands/metabolismABSTRACT
Introducción. El desarrollo tecnológico contemporáneo y una mejor comprensión de funcionamiento de los ganglios basales obtenidos en las dos últimas décadas, unido a la necesidad de buscar alternativas terapéuticas para los estadíos avanzados y complicados de la enfermedad de parkinson, han condicionado un resurgimiento de la cirugía funcional de los ganglios basales como opción terapéutica. Método. 103 pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson avanzada fueron evaluados con la escala UPDRS y se sometieron a lesión de la porción interna del globus pallidus. Durante la cirugía, todos los pacientes fueron sometidos a técnicas de semimicrorregistro con el fin de localizar y definir el área sensorimotora del globus pallidus, utilizando un recurso tecnológico propio. Resultados. Más del 93
de los pacientes se benefició con la cirugía, con promedios de mejoría del 40
para la condición motora. En el 95
de los pacientes se abolió la disquinesia y la morbimortalidad fue menor del 10
. Se concluye que la palidotomía posteroventral selectiva es un tratamiento exitoso y relativamente seguro para el tratamiento de las complicaciones motoras evolutivas de la enfermedad de Parkinson avanzada(AU)ç