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1.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 54(3): 338-43, 2016.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27100980

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this review is to analyze the relation between obstructive sleep apnea and hypertension. We present epidemiological data of the respiratory disorder and its association with high blood pressure, as well as physiopathological interactions between both conditions, the diagnostic methods, and the impact of treatment on pathophysiology and prognosis.


En esta revisión se analiza la relación entre la apnea obstructiva del sueño y la hipertensión arterial sistémica. Se exponen las evidencias epidemiológicas de la alteración respiratoria y de su asociación con la hipertensión arterial, las interacciones fisiopatológicas entre ambas condiciones, los métodos diagnósticos y el impacto del tratamiento sobre la fisiopatología y el pronóstico.


Subject(s)
Hypertension/complications , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications , Continuous Positive Airway Pressure , Humans , Hypertension/diagnosis , Hypertension/physiopathology , Hypertension/therapy , Prognosis , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/physiopathology , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/therapy
2.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 85(1): 16-22, ene.-mar. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-746433

ABSTRACT

El propósito de esta revisión es analizar la relación entre la apnea obstructiva del sueño y la enfermedad arterial coronaria. Se exponen las evidencias epidemiológicas del trastorno respiratorio y de su asociación con la cardiopatía isquémica, los factores comunes de riesgo cardiovascular, las interacciones fisiopatológicas entre ambos trastornos, la evolución clínica y el efecto del tratamiento sobre la fisiopatología y el pronóstico.


The purpose of this review is to analyse the relation between obstructive sleep apnea and coronary disease. We present epidemiological data on the respiratory disorder and its association with ischemic cardiopathy, as well as common cardiovascular risk factors, physiopathological interactions between both conditions, clinical evolution and impact of treatment on prognosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Myocardial Ischemia/complications , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/physiopathology , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/therapy , Ventricular Dysfunction/etiology
3.
Arch Cardiol Mex ; 85(1): 16-22, 2015.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25577551

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this review is to analyse the relation between obstructive sleep apnea and coronary disease. We present epidemiological data on the respiratory disorder and its association with ischemic cardiopathy, as well as common cardiovascular risk factors, physiopathological interactions between both conditions, clinical evolution and impact of treatment on prognosis.


Subject(s)
Myocardial Ischemia/complications , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications , Humans , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/physiopathology , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/therapy , Ventricular Dysfunction/etiology
4.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 52(4): 382-7, 2014.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25078739

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Since the prognosis of myocardial infarction with ST elevation (STEMI) depends on its immediate handling and on secondary prevention measures, not following the recommendations could impede the improvement of the population affected by this disease. The aim was to describe the clinical-epidemiologic profile and the process of care of patients with STEMI in a tertiary hospital. METHODS: We analyzed the clinical information, the risk stratification, the revascularization therapy and the prescription trends at discharge of patients with STEMI attended in one year. RESULTS: 246 patients with a mean age of 61 years were included; 76 % were men. Most of the cases of STEMI (37.3 %) were patients from 60 to 69 years. The most prevalent risk factor was sedentarism. The TIMI score was low in 81.7 % of the cases. Residual ischemia/viability was detected in 35 %, and coronary obstructions were found in all the cases of catheterized patients. Percutaneous coronary intervention was carried out in 76 %, mainly with drug-eluting stents (77.5 %). At discharge, statins and antiplatelet agents were prescribed in more than 90 %; other drugs were prescribed to 64-82 % of the cases. CONCLUSION: STEMI predominates in sedentary men over 60 years. Using stents to stratify risk, to look for residual ischemia/viability, and to revascularize with drug-eluting are common practices, but the compliance of evidence-based guidelines, although better than in the past, is not optimal yet.


Introducción: dado que el pronóstico de infarto del miocardio con elevación del segmento ST (IMCEST) depende de su manejo inmediato y de las medidas de prevención secundaria, el no seguir las recomendaciones actuales impide mejorar las expectativas de la población afectada por este padecimiento. El objetivo es describir el perfil clínico-epidemiológico y el proceso de atención del IMCEST en un hospital de tercer nivel. Métodos: se analiza la información clínica, la estratificación de riesgo, la terapia de revascularización y los hábitos de prescripción al egreso de los casos con IMCEST atendidos en un año. Resultados: se incluyeron 246 pacientes con edad promedio de 61 años; el 76 % fueron varones. La mayoría (37.3 %) de IMCEST ocurrió entre los 60 y los 69 años. El sedentarismo fue el factor de riesgo predominante. El 81.7 % de los casos tuvo score TIMI de riesgo bajo. El 35 % tuvo isquemia/viabilidad y en todos los cateterizados se demostraron obstrucciones coronarias. El 76 % se revascularizó con stent, principalmente farmacológico (77.5 %). Al egreso más del 90 % de los casos recibió estatina y antiplaquetarios, mientras otras drogas se prescribieron al 64-82 % de los casos. Conclusiones: el IMCEST predomina en hombres sedentarios de la séptima década. Estratificar el riesgo, buscar isquemia/viabilidad residual y revascularizar con stent farmacológico son prácticas comunes; el cumplimiento de recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia es mejor que en el pasado, pero todavía no es óptimo.


Subject(s)
Myocardial Infarction , Registries , Academies and Institutes , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Mexico/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis , Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology , Myocardial Infarction/etiology , Myocardial Infarction/therapy , Prognosis , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Social Security , Tertiary Care Centers
5.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 84(2): 92-99, abr.-jun. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-732012

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Describir el perfil clinicoepidemiológico y el proceso de atención del síndrome coronario agudo sin elevación del segmento ST en un hospital de tercer nivel. Método: Se analiza la información clínica, la estratificación de riesgo, la terapia de revascularización y los hábitos de prescripción al egreso de los casos con síndrome coronario agudo sin elevación del segmento ST atendidos en un año. Resultados: Se incluyeron 283 pacientes con una edad media de 58 años; el 63%, masculino. La mayoría (88.6%) de los casos ocurrió entre los 50 y 59 años. La hipertensión arterial fue el factor de riesgo predominante. El 82.5% de los sujetos tuvo índice TIMI de riesgo bajo-intermedio. En el 37% de los pacientes hubo isquemia residual y en 80 (70%) se demostraron obstrucciones coronarias. Setenta y dos pacientes (90%) fueron revascularizados con stent, principalmente farmacológico (87.5%). Más del 90% de los casos recibió estatina y antiplaquetarios al egreso; otros medicamentos se indicaron en poco más del 50%. Conclusiones: En la población estudiada, el síndrome coronario agudo sin elevación del ST predomina en hombres relativamente jóvenes e hipertensos. Estratificar el riesgo, buscar isquemia residual y revascularizar con stent farmacológico son prácticas comunes; el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia es subóptimo.


Objective: To describe the clinical-epidemiologic profile and the process of care of the non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes in a tertiary hospital. Method: We analyzed the clinical information, the risk stratification and diagnostic methods, the revascularization therapy and the prescription trends at discharge, of patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes cared for in one year. Results: Two hundred and eighty-three patients with mean age of 58 years were included (63% men). The largest number of non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes (88.6%) was found between 50 to 59 years of age. The most common risk factor was hypertension; 82.5% of the patients had a low-intermediate TIMI score; residual ischemia was demonstrated in 37% and coronary obstructions were seen in 80 patients (70%). In 90%, a percutaneous coronary intervention was performed, mainly with drug-eluting Stents (87.5%). At discharge, even though antiplatelet agents and statins were prescribed in more than 90%, other drugs were indicated in a few more than 50% of patients. Conclusions: In this population, non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes predominates in relatively young men, often with hypertension. To stratify risk, to look for residual ischemia and to revascularize with drug-eluting stents are common practices, but the evidence-based guidelines compliance is still suboptimal.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Acute Coronary Syndrome/etiology , Acute Coronary Syndrome/therapy , Age Distribution , Acute Coronary Syndrome/epidemiology , Drug-Eluting Stents , Electrocardiography , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Hypertension/complications , Mexico/epidemiology , Myocardial Revascularization/methods , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Registries , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Tertiary Care Centers
6.
Arch Cardiol Mex ; 84(2): 92-9, 2014.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24793555

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical-epidemiologic profile and the process of care of the non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes in a tertiary hospital. METHOD: We analyzed the clinical information, the risk stratification and diagnostic methods, the revascularization therapy and the prescription trends at discharge, of patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes cared for in one year. RESULTS: Two hundred and eighty-three patients with mean age of 58 years were included (63% men). The largest number of non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes (88.6%) was found between 50 to 59 years of age. The most common risk factor was hypertension; 82.5% of the patients had a low-intermediate TIMI score; residual ischemia was demonstrated in 37% and coronary obstructions were seen in 80 patients (70%). In 90%, a percutaneous coronary intervention was performed, mainly with drug-eluting Stents (87.5%). At discharge, even though antiplatelet agents and statins were prescribed in more than 90%, other drugs were indicated in a few more than 50% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: In this population, non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes predominates in relatively young men, often with hypertension. To stratify risk, to look for residual ischemia and to revascularize with drug-eluting stents are common practices, but the evidence-based guidelines compliance is still suboptimal.


Subject(s)
Acute Coronary Syndrome/etiology , Acute Coronary Syndrome/therapy , Acute Coronary Syndrome/epidemiology , Age Distribution , Drug-Eluting Stents , Electrocardiography , Female , Humans , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Hypertension/complications , Male , Mexico/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Myocardial Revascularization/methods , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Registries , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Tertiary Care Centers
7.
Arch Cardiol Mex ; 76(2): 208-21, 2006.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16859218

ABSTRACT

In this review, the relationship of external triggers with the development of acute coronary syndromes is described. Based on current evidence, the pathophysiological mechanisms that probably result in the rupture of vulnerable coronary plaques are revised and preventive measures to stop the functional and lethal consequences of its occurrence are proposed.


Subject(s)
Angina, Unstable/etiology , Angina, Unstable/physiopathology , Myocardial Infarction/etiology , Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology , Acute Disease , Humans , Syndrome
8.
Arch. Inst. Cardiol. Méx ; 56(5): 391-7, sept.-oct. 1986. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-46439

ABSTRACT

La onda Pelectrocardiográfica anormal (OPA) de la hipertensión arterial sistémica (HAS) ha sido interpretada en varias formas: indicativa de insuficiencia cardíaca, hipertrofia de aurícula izquierda o hipertrofia ventricular izquierda (HVI). Para precisar el significado clínico de este signo se estudiaron 47 casos de HAS sin IC o coronariopatía oclusiva. La población se dividió en 2 grupos: grupo A, formado por 22 casos con onda P de duración > 0.11 seg en la derivación D2 y grupo B constituido por 25 casos con onda P de duración menor a esta cifra. En todos los casos se efectuó cineventriculografía izquierda y se estudiaron los siguientes datos: fracción de expulsión (FE), fracción de llenado ventricular en telediástole (FLLTD), índice electrocardiográfico de Sokolow (IS), presión diastólica final del ventrículo izquierdo (PDFVI) y presión arterial sistólica (PAS). Los resultados obtenidos fueron: GA (n=22); FE 70.1 (12.2); FLLTD (%) 32.5 (10.3); IS(mm) 33.2 (41.5); PAS(mmHg) l85.0 (27); GB (n=25) 61.7(12.5); 29.5(13.8); 29.3(9.3); 177.2(34). Entre los grupos ningún valor fue estadísticamente significativo (incluyendo la PDFVI no señalada en la tabla). Los coeficientes de correlación entre la duración de la onda P (DOP) y el resto de las variables estudiadas no tuvieron significancia (hubo una relación débil entre DOP y la FLLTD = 0.217). La OPA en la HAS no está relacionada a un grado determinado de HVI o de disfunción de este ventrículo, ni de sobrecarga de presión de la aurícula izquierda. La cardiopatia hipertensiva no debe clasificarse en base a una onda P electrocardiográfica anormal


Subject(s)
Humans , Hypertension/etiology , Arterial Pressure , Electrocardiography , Evaluation Study , Stroke Volume
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