ABSTRACT
Se plantean reflexiones acerca del sentimiento de intimidad y su correlato, la tolerancia a la experiencia de soledad, en los y las adolescentes de hoy, que viven bajo uno de los ideales centrales de las sociedades contemporáneas, al menos en el mundo desarrollado, que es el de la exteriorización, tanto de aspectos corporales como del mundo psíquico interno. Desde el nacimiento, apoyándose en lo biológico, en las necesidades y la experiencia de dependencia, el ser humano organiza su psiquismo estableciendo límites entre su mundo interno y la realidad externa. Entre las primeras adquisiciones del bebé, la capacidad de estar solo, será precursora del espacio de intimidad que le acompañara a lo largo de la vida, y será un elemento inevitable y necesario para apoyar las trasformaciones identitarias, tanto corporales como psíquicas, del proceso adolescente. Se abordan, asimismo, aspectos relativos a la experimentación de la intimidad en situaciones de soledad y al pasar a ser compartida, incluyéndose las relaciones terapéuticas con su especificidad durante el periodo de la adolescencia
Reflections are made about the feeling of intimacy and its correlate, the tolerance to the experience of loneliness, in the adolescents of today, who live under one of the central ideals of contemporary societies, at least in the developed world, which is the one of the exteriorization, as much of corporal aspects as of the internal psychic countries. From birth, relying on the biological, in the needs and experience of dependence, the human being organizes his psyche establishing limits between his inner world and external reality. Among the baby's first acquisitions, the ability to be alone will be the precursor of the space of intimacy that will accompany him throughout his life, and will be an inevitable and necessary element to support the identity transformations, both corporal and psychic, of the adolescent process. Aspects related to the experience of intimacy in situations of loneliness and the experience of sharing it are also addressed, including the therapeutic relationships with their specificity during adolescence
Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Loneliness/psychology , Privacy/psychology , Permissiveness , Psychosocial Deprivation , Antisocial Personality Disorder/therapy , Psychotherapeutic Processes , Personal Space , Interpersonal Relations , Codependency, Psychological , Individuality , Psychotherapy/methodsABSTRACT
La prevalencia de problemas de conducta, violencia, consumo de tóxicos y trastornos mentales en la población de menores usuarios de recursos de Justicia Juvenil y/o protección es muy significativa. En el siguiente trabajo presentamos el caso de un joven adolescente en el que destacan una personalidad de tendencia borderline, con presencia de relaciones interpersonales inestables y conductas impulsivas y autopunitivas. Detallamos el itinerario educativo-terapéutico con él realizado y los cambios registrados en las distintas pruebas psicométricas (MACI- Inventario Clínico para Adolescentes de Millon) a las que se ha sometido al joven durante su paso por el centro de internamiento. La experiencia acumulada en el campo de la Justicia Juvenil nos permite describir un modelo de atención específica que integra profesionales de los ámbitos educativo, clínico y judicial, que parte con el objetivo prioritario de asegurar la atención óptima del menor. La intervención que se lleva a cabo en el Centro tiene como modelo terapéutico de referencia la Psicoterapia de Vinculación Emocional Validante (VEV). La VEV se enmarca dentro de los modelos integradores en psicoterapia y constituye una metodología especializada de intervención en dispositivos de justicia juvenil y protección de menores
The prevalence of behavioral problems, violence, drug consumption and mental disorders is significant in juvenile detention centers. In the following paper, we present the case of a young teenager, highlighting a borderline personality trend, with the presence of unstable interpersonal relationships and self-punitive and impulsive behavior.We outline the educational and therapeutic itinerary he underwent, and the changes registered in various psychometric tests carried out (MACI -Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory) during his time at the detention center. The experience accumulated in the field of juvenile justice allows us to determine a specific model, involving educational, clinical, and legal professionals, commencing with the primary objective of ensuring the optimal care of the child. The intervention takes place in the Centre and has a therapeutic model of reference, Validation Emotional Bonding Psychotherapy (VSV). This is part of the integrative models in psychotherapy, a methodology specializing in intervention in juvenile justice and child protection
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Social Behavior Disorders/psychology , Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders/psychology , Emotion-Focused Therapy/methods , Self-Injurious Behavior/psychology , Justice Administration System , Domestic Violence/psychology , Substance-Related Disorders/psychology , Borderline Personality Disorder/diagnosisABSTRACT
Muchos autores han aportado diferentes formas de entender el desarrollo temprano y el soporte relacional necesario para la organización psíquica. A través de un caso clínico, de aparición tardía en consulta, se podría ilustrar como dificultades interactivas precoces pueden acabar organizándose en forma de trastornos del desarrollo dando lugar, en el niño y el adolescente, a trastornos de la personalidad (AU)
Many authors have brought different ways of understanding the early development and relational support for psychic organization. Through a clinical case of late onset in consultation, it could illustrate how early interactive difficulties can end up organizing developmental disorders resulting in personality disorders in the child and adolescent (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Child Development , Personality Development , Personality Disorders/psychology , Psychology, Child , Psychology, AdolescentABSTRACT
A través del caso clínico de un niño de 8 años, cuya madre presenta un funcionamiento psicótico relativamente compensado en el pasado y que desarrolla una psicosis simbiótica con ésta, se discute la relación que se establece entre ambos a través de los cuidados corporales. Se apreciará la expresión de la sintomatología por medio del cuerpo, haciendo un análisis de la función del vínculo en un cuerpo que sufre. Se comentará sobre el diagnóstico y el enfoque terapéutico, así como una reflexión final sobre la importancia del trabajo de prevención en población de riesgo (AU)
Throughout the analysis of a case study about an 8-year old boy and his psychotic mother, with an established folie à deux, we will discuss the relationship between them and all the physical attentions the minor received from her. We will explain how the psychic symptoms of the child will relate to his suffering body by analyzing the function of the attachment. Moreover, a discussion will be made on the diagnosis and the therapeutic approach, as well as on the importance of working on prevention with population in risk of psychiatric illness (AU)
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Male , Mind-Body Relations, Metaphysical/physiology , Psychotic Disorders/psychology , Disease/psychology , Psychophysiologic Disorders/psychology , Psychology, Child/methods , Psychology, Child/trends , Child Care/methods , Child Care/standards , Child CareABSTRACT
A través de esta exposición y valiéndome de un caso clínico, me gustaría acercar el trabajo realizado con el entorno familiar de niños con problemas psiquiátricos graves en un centro terapéutico-educativo (AU)
Through this exhibition and availing myself of a clinical case, I would bring the work done with the family environment of children with serious psychiatric problems in a therapeutic-educational center (AU)
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Clinical Trial , Crisis Intervention/trends , Psychotherapy/methods , Psychotherapy/trends , Early Intervention, Educational/standards , Early Intervention, Educational , Borderline Personality Disorder/epidemiology , Borderline Personality Disorder/prevention & control , Borderline Personality Disorder/psychology , Child Behavior Disorders/psychology , Denial, Psychological , Child Psychiatry/instrumentation , Child Psychiatry/methods , Psychology, Child/organization & administration , Psychology, Child/standardsABSTRACT
A partir del concepto de interacciones tempranas desde el punto de vista psicodinámico y en una triple dimensión (comportamental, afectiva y fantasmática), los autores plantean una visión comprensiva del desarrollo y de la organización del psiquismo y la personalidad, así como de la psicopatología en los primeros años del niño. Para ello recogen las nociones teóricas de la denominada escuela de Ginebra que, con una concepción epigenética y multifactorial, estudia la organización del vínculo o relación de apego a partir de la calidad de las funciones parentales y de las características temperamentales del bebé. Son los trastornos del apego los que pueden dar lugar a grados variables de trastorno del humor del bebé que pueden acompañarse de trastornos del desarrollo, y originar trastornos psicopatológicos diversos a lo largo de la infancia. Finalmente se esbozan algunas propuestas preventivas y asistenciales (AU)
From the notion of early interactions, and a psychodynamic and a triple dimension point of view (behavioral, affective and imaginative) the authors propose a comprehensive vision about the development and organization of the mind and personality, as well as the psychopathology, during childrens early years. To accomplish this, they gather the School of Geneva´s theoretical notions which study the attachment organization from the quality of parental roles and the baby´s temperamental characteristics. The attachment disorders may lead to various degrees of mood disorders that could settle along with developmental disorders and originate various psychopathological disorders throughout childhood. Finally, some proposals for prevention and care are outlined (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Child Development , Father-Child Relations , Psychology, Child , PsychopathologyABSTRACT
El aumento de las consultas relacionadas con dificultades de atención, hiperactividad y trastornos de comportamiento constatado en los niños al inicio de la enseñanza primaria (escolaridad propiamente dicha) lleva a los autores a reflexionar sobre la influencia de los acelerados cambios en las sociedades desarrolladas en el desarrollo psíquico y la organización de la personalidad. Se hace énfasis sobre los procesos de latencia (sublimación, control de la motricidad y del paso al acto) como posibilitadores de los aprendizajes escolares y su puesta en marcha en los niños de hoy (AU)
The ultimate increased volume of outpatient first consultations related to attention impairment, hyperactivity and conduct disorders in children starting Lower School led the authors to ponder about the influence that high speed changes in developed societies have upon psychological development and personality organization. Emphasis is made on latency processes (sublimation, motor control and acting out) as learning promoters in the school environment of here and now kids (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Learning/physiology , Learning Disabilities/psychology , Mental Disorders/psychology , Socialization , Psychopathology/methods , Psychopathology/trends , Language Disorders/psychology , Language Development , Attention/physiology , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/psychology , Affective Disorders, Psychotic/psychology , Self ConceptABSTRACT
There is a consensus that prematurity could increase the risk of attachment impairment. We studied 90 premature children with very low birth weights (<1,500 g) and 96 healthy children born at term with similar age and sociodemographic characteristics. Our objective was to assess maternal stress and attachment representations, and compare development indices on both groups at 2 years of age. Premature infants had a medium-to-severe degree of immaturity and biological risk (M gestational age = 29.98 weeks; birth weight = 1,159.76 g), with 57% staying in the ICU ≥1 week. These children born prematurely had lower scores on the development indices within the normal range. Mothers of premature infants (n = 74) reported higher levels of stress during their first year of life (59%) than did controls (41%), but no significant differences were detected in maternal attachment discourse between the two groups. The findings confirm that premature birth has a great influence on maternal emotional responses and the health and development of children in the first years of life, and indicate that stress responses in parents and warning signs for attachment problems should be assessed as early as possible.
