ABSTRACT
La población de personas mayores, respecto a la población general en España, representa un 15,4%, proporción que aumentará en el futuro, sobre todo en mayores de 80 años. La atención domiciliaria de esta población es alternativa a su institucionalización, por lo que interesa conocer sus características sociodemográficas, clínicas y de utilización de recursos sanitarios para responder a sus necesidades reales. Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal en pacientes incluidos en un programa de incapacitados. Se estudiaron variables sociodemográficas y clínicas, capacidad funcional y cognitiva, y utilización de recursos sociosanitarios. Nuestros pacientes son una población mayor, presentan deterioro cognitivo importante, nivel elevado de dependencia y comorbilidad. Una quinta parte considera su estado de salud como malo. Utilizan con frecuencia los servicios de urgencia y, en menor medida, ingresan en el hospital. Algunas características sociodemográficas de estos pacientes determinan su nivel de audición y estado mental, tales como la edad, ocupación en su etapa laboral e ingresos económicos. Se mostraron determinantes de la utilización de los servicios sanitarios las patologías crónicas, la polifarmacia, escasamente las incapacidades funcionales y los ingresos económicos
Older persons represent 15,4% of the population of Spain. This proportion will increase in the future, especially for persons older than 80 years of age. As home care for this population is an alternative to their institutionalization, it is necessary to determine their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, as well as their use of health care resources, in order to respond to their true needs. We undertook a cross-sectional study of patients included in an Incapacity Program. Variables studied included sociodemographic and clinical factors, functional and cognitive capacity, and the use of health and social care resources. The patients were older, with important cognitive worsening, and a high level of dependence and accompanying disease. One fifth considered their health status as poor. They often used the emergency services, and less often were admitted to hospital. Certain sociodemographic characteristics of these patients determined their level of hearing and mental status, such as age, occupation during their working life, and financial income. Factors determining their use of the health services were chronic disease, polypharmacy, slight functional incapacity and financial income (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Home Nursing , Health Services for the Aged , Health Status , Frail Elderly , Socioeconomic Factors , Activities of Daily Living , SpainABSTRACT
INTRODUCCION: Este estudio analiza el grado de burnout y de insatisfacción profesional que presenta el personal que cuida a pacientes geriátricos y terminales en un hospital público del SAS, ambos términos influyen de manera decisiva en la calidad asistencial. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: La muestra está formada por 88 profesionales sanitarios (médicos, enfermeras, auxiliares de enfermería y celadores), que respondieron un cuestionario de características demográficas y dos cuestionarios (MBI y Font Roja) que miden el grado de burnout y de insatisfacción laboral. RESULTADOS: Los resultados obtenidos permiten concluir que cuidar a estos pacientes produce burnout, siendo enfermería el grupo que presenta mayor grado en las dimensiones de CE (cansancio emociona) y RP (realización personal), así como una mayor insatisfacción laboral. El grupo médico es el que presenta los niveles más bajos de burnout. CONCLUSIONES: Tenemos los datos suficientes para detectar el grado de burnout e insatisfacción de estos profesionales y sugerimos diversas estrategias para abordar el problema y prevenirlo (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Job Satisfaction , Health Occupations , Geriatrics , Patient CareABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the scientific output in Biomedicine and Health Sciences in Andalusia in the context of the published works on the national scientific output in the last few years. MATERIAL: Descriptive study with seven different information sources: a) final Report of the Experts Committee on Documentation from the Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía (IME: Indice Médico Español) suplemento internacional: 1980-1994; b) MEDLINE (Comprehensive Medline Ebsco, 1987-1993); c) EMBASE (Excerpta Medica; Elsevier Science Publisher) (1986-1994); d) IME, mechanized version: 1974-1993; Anales del FIS (1989-1993); e) Memoria REUNI: 1993-1994, and f) call for and resolution of research projects from the Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía (1994). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Scientific output in health sciences in Andalusia has gown in parallel with the national output from other communities. Nevertheless, in absolute terms this output is scant and the big difference compared with Catalonia and Madrid--the two Autonomous Communities with the largest scientific output--remains unchanged. Grenada is the Andalusian province with the largest output, with Seville, Cordoba and Malaga ranking next. The output in the other Andalusian provinces is very small. The output is apparently independent from the number of inhabitants or the historic presence of a Medicine School. In contrast with Catalonia and Madrid, where the largest output originates in hospitals, the largest output in Andalusia comes from Universities; this fact suggests relevant differences in scientific sub-structure. This suggestion is also endorsed by the lower competition of Andalusia to obtain resources and the lower number of research scholarships. With these results in mind a scientific policy of positive discrimination is proposed which allows the Andalusian Autonomous Community to reach the standard of scientific output in biomedicine and health sciences according to its socioeconomic status.
