ABSTRACT
Amniotic fluid sludge (AFS) is defined as the presence of particulate matter in the amniotic fluid in close proximity to the cervix. Although its prevalence is known to correlate with the risk of preterm delivery, initial reports describe a strong association between AFS and microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) and histological chorioamnionitis. However, AFS is also present in uncomplicated pregnancies, and its prevalence appears to increase with gestational age. Recent evidence debates the usefulness of AFS as a marker of early preterm delivery risk. We present four cases with AFS diagnosed by transvaginal ultrasound at admission for cervical insufficiency between 20 and 24 weeks of gestation, with confirmed lower genital tract and intra-amniotic infections by amniocentesis and histological chorioamnionitis and funisitis. Our findings reinforce the presence of AFS as a useful marker of MIAC, chorioamnionitis and funisitis that increase the likelihood of preterm delivery at an extreme gestational age.
Subject(s)
Amnion/microbiology , Amniotic Fluid , Chorioamnionitis/pathology , Infections/diagnosis , Uterine Cervical Incompetence/diagnosis , Adult , Amniocentesis , Amniotic Fluid/cytology , Amniotic Fluid/diagnostic imaging , Amniotic Fluid/microbiology , Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Candidiasis/diagnosis , Chorioamnionitis/microbiology , Enterococcus faecalis/isolation & purification , Female , Gestational Age , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Humans , Neutrophils/pathology , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/diagnosis , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Ureaplasma Infections/diagnosis , Uterine Cervical Incompetence/microbiology , Uterine Cervical Incompetence/pathologyABSTRACT
TOPIC: Evidence-based treatment of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents. PURPOSE: To review the evidence base supporting current interventions for NSSI. SOURCES USED: PubMed searches and ancestry analysis. CONCLUSIONS: All treatments studied-developmental group therapy, individual cognitive-behavioral therapy, and dialectical behavioral therapy for adolescents-were found to be comparable to the typical treatments offered in the treatment settings where the research was conducted. Additional strategies such as harm reduction have very limited evidence suggesting they may be helpful. A few common interventions including relaxation techniques have extremely limited evidence suggesting they may be perceived as harmful by clients.
Subject(s)
Evidence-Based Nursing/methods , Harm Reduction , Self-Injurious Behavior/therapy , Adolescent , Humans , Self-Injurious Behavior/prevention & controlABSTRACT
La prevención y la detección de las múltiples entidades patológicas mamarias, realizadas dentro del screening mamario, nos acercan al diagnóstico precoz de carcinoma invasor mamario, ayudados por la implementación de mejores herramientas diagnósticas que nos permiten valorar de mejor manera la patología mamaria, de esa manera diagnosticando tempranamente la malignidad o grado de riesgo que pueda presentar el hallazgo, para un mejor manejo terapéutico. Es así, que resulta necesario conocer las diferentes patologías premalignas desde diferentes puntos de vista, tanto conceptuales, mamográficos, como ecográficos para su identificación y reconocer el grado de severidad según el riesgo de desarrollo de malignidad en los hallazgos confirmados por anatomía patológica, una vez realizada la biopsia de la lesión.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control , Precancerous Conditions/classification , Precancerous Conditions/diagnosis , Precancerous Conditions/pathology , Precancerous Conditions/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
La prevención y la detección de las múltiples entidades patológicas mamarias, realizadas dentro del screening mamario, nos acercan al diagnóstico precoz de carcinoma invasor mamario, ayudados por la implementación de mejores herramientas diagnósticas que nos permiten valorar de mejor manera la patología mamaria, de esa manera diagnosticando tempranamente la malignidad o grado de riesgo que pueda presentar el hallazgo, para un mejor manejo terapéutico. Es así, que resulta necesario conocer las diferentes patologías premalignas desde diferentes puntos de vista, tanto conceptuales, mamográficos, como ecográficos para su identificación y reconocer el grado de severidad según el riesgo de desarrollo de malignidad en los hallazgos confirmados por anatomía patológica, una vez realizada la biopsia de la lesión.
