Auriculoterapia en pacientes con queratitis punteada superficial / Auriculotherapy in patients with superficial punctuated queratitis

Introducción: La queratitis punteada superficial es la inflamación corneal por diversas causas, que se caracteriza por pequeños puntos dispersos de pérdida o lesión del epitelio de la córnea. Objetivo: Demostrar la eficacia del tratamiento local convencional combinado con auriculoterapia en pacientes con queratitis punteada superficial. Métodos: Se realizó una intervención terapéutica no controlada en 92 pacientes con diagnóstico de queratitis punteada superficial, seleccionados por muestreo aleatorio simple en el Policlínico Docente 28 de Septiembre de Santiago de Cuba, de enero a julio del 2019, para lo cual se conformaron 2 grupos: el A, que recibió tratamiento tópico convencional más auriculoterapia, y el B, tratado convencionalmente de manera tópica. Los pacientes tuvieron seguimiento clínico por cuatro períodos de 1 semana cada uno, luego de aplicado el tratamiento. Resultados: La causa más frecuente de la oftalmopatía en ambos grupos fue la degenerativa. En la mayoría de los pacientes del grupo A el tiempo de cicatrización corneal fue de 7 días y el de curación de 2 semanas. Conclusiones: Se demostró la eficacia de la auriculoterapia en la cicatrización corneal, sin riesgo de efectos colaterales y con bajo costo económico.

Introduction: The superficial punctuated queratitis is the corneal inflammation due to diverse causes, characterized by small dispersed points of loss or lesion of the corneal epithelium. Objective: To demonstrate the effectiveness of the conventional local treatment combined with auriculotherapy in patients with superficial punctuated queratitis. Methods: A non controlled therapeutic intervention was carried out in 92 patients with diagnosis of superficial punctuated queratitis, selected by simple randomized sampling in 28 de Septiembre Teaching Polyclinic from Santiago de Cuba, from January to July, 2019, for which 2 groups were conformed: group A that received conventional topical treatment plus auriculotherapy, and group B, conventionally treated in a topical way. The patients had clinical follow up during four periods of 1 week each one, after the treatment. Results: The most frequent cause of ophthalmopathy in both groups was the degenerative. In most of the patients from group A, the time of corneal scaring was 7 days and the healing period was of 2 weeks. Conclusions: The effectiveness of auriculotherapy was demonstrated in the corneal scaring, without risk of colateral effects and with low economic cost.

Extraction-free whole transcriptome gene expression analysis of FFPE sections and histology-directed subareas of tissue.

We describe the use of a ligation-based targeted whole transcriptome expression profiling assay, TempO-Seq, to profile formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue, including H&E stained FFPE tissue, by directly lysing tissue scraped from slides without extracting RNA or converting the RNA to cDNA. The correlation of measured gene expression changes in unfixed and fixed samples using blocks prepared from a pellet of a single cell type was R2 = 0.97, demonstrating that no significant artifacts were introduced by fixation. Fixed and fresh samples prepared in an equivalent manner produced comparable sequencing depth results (+/- 20%), with similar %CV (11.5 and 12.7%, respectively), indicating no significant loss of measurable RNA due to fixation. The sensitivity of the TempO-Seq assay was the same whether the tissue section was fixed or not. The assay performance was equivalent for human, mouse, or rat whole transcriptome. The results from 10 mm2 and 2 mm2 areas of tissue obtained from 5 µm thick sections were equivalent, thus demonstrating high sensitivity and ability to profile focal areas of histology within a section. Replicate reproducibility of separate areas of tissue ranged from R2 = 0.83 (lung) to 0.96 (liver) depending on the tissue type, with an average correlation of R2 = 0.90 across nine tissue types. The average %CVs were 16.8% for genes expressed at greater than 200 counts, and 20.3% for genes greater than 50 counts. Tissue specific differences in gene expression were identified and agreed with the literature. There was negligible impact on assay performance using FFPE tissues that had been archived for up to 30 years. Similarly, there was negligible impact of H&E staining, facilitating accurate visualization for scraping and assay of small focal areas of specific histology within a section.

Estrategia para fomentar la promoción de salud en Técnico Medio en Servicios Farmacéuticos / Health promotion of in the training of the Pharmaceutical Services technician

Fundamento: la promoción de salud sitúa al hombre como un ser activo y transformador, comprometido con su salud individual, familiar y comunitaria, aspecto que cobra vital importancia en la formación de técnicos medios de la salud. Objetivo: elaborar una estrategia para promover salud en la formación de los estudiantes de Técnico Medio en Servicios Farmacéuticos. Métodos: se realizó una investigación de desarrollo en la Facultad de Tecnología de la Salud "Julio Trigo López" de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara, durante los meses de septiembre 2014 a junio 2015. Se emplearon métodos del nivel teórico: histórico-lógico, analítico-sintético, inductivo-deductivo, modelación y sistémico-estructural; y empíricos: análisis documental, la observación a clases, encuesta en forma de cuestionario y de entrevista y la estadística descriptiva para el procesamiento de los datos. Resultados: existen insuficiencias en los programas de la carrera Servicios Farmacéuticos, relacionadas con la inserción de los contenidos sobre promoción de salud, en las clases observadas los docentes no incluyeron aspectos sobre esta temática, lo que fue corroborado por los alumnos, y reconocido por los profesores, por lo que se elaboró una estrategia que fue valorada por criterios de especialistas. Conclusiones: la estrategia concibe acciones para promover salud a través de dos vías: la curricular y la extracurricular y extensionista, y fue valorada como pertinente, con adecuado enfoque metodológico y factibilidad de aplicación en el contexto donde se desarrollan los futuros técnicos medios de la salud.

Background: health promotion places man as an active and transformative being, committed to his individual, family and community health, an aspect that becomes vital in the training of health technicians. Objective: to develop a strategy to promote health in the training of students of the Technical Pharmaceutical Services. Methods: a developmental research was carried out at "Julio Trigo López" Health Technology Faculty at Villa Clara University of Medical Sciences, from September 2014 to June 2015. Methods at the theoretical level were used: historical- logical, analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive, modeling and systemic-structural; and empirical ones: documentary analysis, observation to classes, the survey in questionnaire and interview form and descriptive statistics for data processing. Results: there are insufficiencies in the syllabuses of the Pharmaceutical Services career, related to the insertion of health promotion contents, in the classes observed the teachers did not include aspects on this subject, which was corroborated by the students, and recognized by the Teachers, so a strategy was developed that was valued by specialist criteria. Conclusions: the strategy develops actions to promote health through two ways: curricular and extracurricular and university extension, it was evaluated as pertinent, with an adequate methodological approach and feasibility of application in the context where the future health technicians develop.

Miro's N-terminal GTPase domain is required for transport of mitochondria into axons and dendrites.

Mitochondria are dynamically transported in and out of neuronal processes to maintain neuronal excitability and synaptic function. In higher eukaryotes, the mitochondrial GTPase Miro binds Milton/TRAK adaptor proteins linking microtubule motors to mitochondria. Here we show that Drosophila Miro (dMiro), which has previously been shown to be required for kinesin-driven axonal transport, is also critically required for the dynein-driven distribution of mitochondria into dendrites. In addition, we used the loss-of-function mutations dMiroT25N and dMiroT460N to determine the significance of dMiro's N-terminal and C-terminal GTPase domains, respectively. Expression of dMiroT25N in the absence of endogenous dMiro caused premature lethality and arrested development at a pupal stage. dMiroT25N accumulated mitochondria in the soma of larval motor and sensory neurons, and prevented their kinesin-dependent and dynein-dependent distribution into axons and dendrites, respectively. dMiroT25N mutant mitochondria also were severely fragmented and exhibited reduced kinesin and dynein motility in axons. In contrast, dMiroT460N did not impair viability, mitochondrial size, or the distribution of mitochondria. However, dMiroT460N reduced dynein motility during retrograde mitochondrial transport in axons. Finally, we show that substitutions analogous to the constitutively active Ras-G12V mutation in dMiro's N-terminal and C-terminal GTPase domains cause neomorphic phenotypic effects that are likely unrelated to the normal function of each GTPase domain. Overall, our analysis indicates that dMiro's N-terminal GTPase domain is critically required for viability, mitochondrial size, and the distribution of mitochondria out of the neuronal soma regardless of the employed motor, likely by promoting the transition from a stationary to a motile state.

Superación postgraduada para tecnólogos de Servicios Farmacéuticos en preparados semisólidos / The post graduated upgrading in semisolid preparations for Pharmacy technologists

La existencia de una problemática en torno a la preparación de los profesionales de Servicios Farmacéuticos para enfrentar la elaboración de formas farmacéuticas semisólidas, y que afecta la calidad en la formación de los alumnos y en el servicio prestado, determina la elaboración de un programa de superación profesional, en la Facultad Tecnología de la Salud de Villa Clara, donde se incluyen los diferentes elementos para la capacitación de los egresados en la elaboración y análisis de formulaciones correspondientes a estas formas farmacéuticas. El diseño del programa parte del diagnóstico de necesidades, mediante el uso de métodos tanto teóricos como empíricos. Sobre esta base se determinan los contenidos de las diferentes temáticas y su metodología. El diseño incluye objetivos, contenidos, métodos, medios y evaluación, basado en el uso combinado de las conferencias, el curso de postgrado, talleres y la autopreparación. Los especialistas consideraron la propuesta como pertinente y valiosa.

The problematic around the preparation of pharmacy technologists to face the elaboration of semisolid forms affects the quality of the students and the service they give as well. A professional upgrading syllabus was elaborated to solve this problem in Villa Clara Health Technology Faculty, where different elements for the qualification of these personnel are included to face the elaboration of the corresponding pharmaceutical formulae. The use of different theoretical and empirical methods made possible to elaborate the diagnosis of necessities which is at the base of the conception of this syllabus. The methodology and the content of the different topics there were determined under these bases. The design includes objectives, contents, methods, teaching aids and the assessing of the contents, based on the combined use of lectures, postgraduate courses, workshops and self-preparation. The proposal was validated as adequate and valuable by the specialists.

Superación postgraduada para tecnólogos de Servicios Farmacéuticos en preparados semisólidos / The post graduated upgrading in semisolid preparations for Pharmacy technologists

La existencia de una problemática en torno a la preparación de los profesionales de Servicios Farmacéuticos para enfrentar la elaboración de formas farmacéuticas semisólidas, y que afecta la calidad en la formación de los alumnos y en el servicio prestado, determina la elaboración de un programa de superación profesional, en la Facultad Tecnología de la Salud de Villa Clara, donde se incluyen los diferentes elementos para la capacitación de los egresados en la elaboración y análisis de formulaciones correspondientes a estas formas farmacéuticas. El diseño del programa parte del diagnóstico de necesidades, mediante el uso de métodos tanto teóricos como empíricos. Sobre esta base se determinan los contenidos de las diferentes temáticas y su metodología. El diseño incluye objetivos, contenidos, métodos, medios y evaluación, basado en el uso combinado de las conferencias, el curso de postgrado, talleres y la autopreparación. Los especialistas consideraron la propuesta como pertinente y valiosa(AU)