Prevalence of diabetes, use of antidiabetic drugs and degree of glycaemic control in the province of Cadiz (2014-2016): A population-based study. / Prevalencia de diabetes, utilización de antidiabéticos y grado de control glucémico en la provincia de Cádiz (2014-2016): un estudio de base poblacional.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of diabetes mellitus treated pharmacologically, analyse the prescription patterns of antidiabetic drugs and assess the degree of control over the disease in the province of Cadiz. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An observational retrospective study was conducted with the databases of the public health system of the Andalusian Health Service between 2014 and 2016, inclusive. Adults with treated diabetes (ATD) were considered those older than 14 years who had consumed at least 1 package of medication from the A10 group during the corresponding year covered by the study. RESULTS: The prevalence of ATD varied between 8.65% and 8.83% from 2014 to 2016, respectively. Seventy-one percent of the ATD were treated with only noninsulin drugs, 11% were treated with insulin, and 18% were treated with a combination of both. For approximately one-third of the ATD, an HbA1c reading was not performed during each year. Sixty-nine percent of the assessed ATD in 2016 had an appropriate degree of control according to RedGDPS criteria (based on HbA1c and age). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of pharmacologically treated diabetes in the province of Cadiz is high and appears to be increasing. The patients presented limited glycaemic control, to which inadequate follow-up in almost a third of the patients could be the major contributor.

[Tuberculosis in 34 patients with HIV infection]. / Tuberculosis en 34 pacientes con infección por VIH.

The clinical and microbiological finding of 34 patients with HIV infection and tuberculosis (30 were men), 32 were intravenous drug addicts. Fever, adenopathies, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly were the most encountered manifestations on admittance. 61.8% had a disseminated form of tuberculosis; the main locations were lymphatic (73.5%) and lung (64.7%). The detection of circulating viral antigen was associated with disseminated form of tuberculosis.

[Hepatitis virus B, C and delta infection in carriers of the human immunodeficiency virus]. / Infección por los virus de la hepatitis B, C y delta en portadores del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana.

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) shares transmission mechanisms with some hepatotropic viruses, such as hepatitis B (HBV), C (HCV) and delta (HDV) viruses. METHODS: To evaluate the prevalence of infection in a group of 100 male prisoners, carriers of the human immunodeficiency virus, the serologic markers of these viruses were investigated with radioimmunoassay and enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS: In 96 and 65% of individuals, respectively, some marker of HBV and HCV were found. The association anti-HBs and anti-HBc was present in 51 cases; 36 of them (71%) were carriers of anti-HCV. HBsAg was found in 7 individuals, 5 of which had antibodies against HDV. The pattern anti-HBs, anti-HBc, anti-HCV, HIV anti-env and anti-core was found in 34 individuals. CONCLUSIONS: These data show the high prevalence of HBV and HCV in the study population, indicating the need to systematically investigate markers of these viruses to establish measures for prevention and control.