Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 5 de 5
Filter
Add more filters










Database
Language
Publication year range
1.
Mol Immunol ; 63(2): 373-80, 2015 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25311379

ABSTRACT

The identification of immune pathways that protect against pathogens may lead to novel molecular therapies for both livestock and human health. Interferon (IFN) is a major response pathway that stimulates multiple genes targeted towards reducing virus. Viperin is one such interferon stimulated gene (ISG) that helps protect mammals from virus and may be critical to protecting chickens in the same way. In chickens, ISGs are not generally well characterised and viperin, in concert with other ISGs, may be important in protecting against virus. Here we identify chicken viperin (ch-viperin) and show that ch-viperin is upregulated in response to viral signature molecules. We further show that viperin is upregulated in response to virus infection in vivo. This data will benefit investigators targeting the antiviral pathways in the chicken.


Subject(s)
Avian Proteins/genetics , Avian Proteins/metabolism , Chickens/metabolism , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Avian Proteins/chemistry , Base Sequence , Chickens/virology , Genetic Loci , Ligands , Mammals , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , RNA, Messenger/genetics , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Sequence Alignment , Structural Homology, Protein , Toll-Like Receptors/metabolism , Up-Regulation/genetics , Virus Diseases/genetics
2.
Dev Comp Immunol ; 46(2): 373-81, 2014 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24877657

ABSTRACT

Emerging pathogenic viruses, such as avian influenza (AI), represent a serious threat to the poultry industry and human health. The development of novel therapeutics to protect against these viruses is critical and necessitates understanding the host immune mechanisms to find new pathways for protection against virus infection. Interferon (IFN) is a major antiviral arm of the immune system and is generally the first line of defence against virus. The multiple genes orchestrated by IFN upregulation are not well characterised in chickens due to a lack of reagents and research efforts. Here we have identified chicken ZAP (chZAP), an IFN stimulated gene (ISG), that has antiviral properties in human models, and show that chZAP is upregulated in response to PAMPs. Moreover, we show that chZAP is upregulated in vivo following particular viral infections. This data will benefit further studies that aim to understand antiviral response pathways in the chicken.


Subject(s)
Avian Proteins/genetics , Influenza in Birds/immunology , Interferon Regulatory Factors/genetics , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Avian Proteins/biosynthesis , Avian Proteins/chemistry , Cell Line , Chickens , Conserved Sequence , Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/immunology , Interferon Regulatory Factors/biosynthesis , Interferon Regulatory Factors/chemistry , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , Up-Regulation/immunology
3.
Dev Comp Immunol ; 41(3): 370-6, 2013 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23751330

ABSTRACT

The prevalence of pathogenic viruses is a serious issue as they pose a constant threat to both the poultry industry and to human health. To prevent these viral infections an understanding of the host-virus response is critical, especially for the development of novel therapeutics. One approach in the control of viral infections would be to boost the immune response through administration of cytokines, such as interferons. However, the innate immune response in chickens is poorly characterised, particularly concerning the interferon pathway. This review will provide an overview of our current understanding of the interferon system of chickens, including their cognate receptors and known interferon-stimulated gene products.


Subject(s)
Bacterial Infections/immunology , Chickens/immunology , Immunity, Innate , Interferons/immunology , Orthomyxoviridae Infections/immunology , Receptors, Interferon/immunology , Animals , Bacterial Infections/genetics , Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Chickens/microbiology , Chickens/virology , Gene Expression Regulation , Interferons/genetics , Orthomyxoviridae Infections/genetics , Orthomyxoviridae Infections/virology , Receptors, Interferon/genetics , STAT Transcription Factors/genetics , STAT Transcription Factors/immunology , Signal Transduction , eIF-2 Kinase/genetics , eIF-2 Kinase/immunology
4.
J Reprod Immunol ; 94(2): 169-74, 2012 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22472789

ABSTRACT

Newborn vertebrates may be susceptible to infection because the immature status of their immune system results in an inability to make an effective immune response. Consequently, newly hatched chicks appear to be more susceptible to infections than mature chickens. In particular, poultry susceptibility to virus infection may be related to poor expression of innate immune elements involved in antiviral responses. Therefore, in this study we assessed the relative development of the interferon (IFN) system: a protective system against virus infection. We investigated the age-related expression of the elements involved in the IFN response including IFN gene expression, their associated receptors and the pattern recognition receptors (PRR) involved in the regulation of IFNs. We observed that the IFN system is somewhat inadequately expressed in embryos and develops over time, just prior to and after hatching, and therefore chicks may be more susceptible to virus than mature birds because of an immature IFN network.


Subject(s)
Chickens/immunology , Interferons/metabolism , Poultry Diseases/immunology , Virus Diseases/veterinary , Animals , Animals, Newborn , Chick Embryo , Chickens/growth & development , Disease Susceptibility/embryology , Disease Susceptibility/immunology , Down-Regulation/immunology , Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/immunology , Gene Regulatory Networks/genetics , Immune System/physiology , Immunocompetence/genetics , Immunocompetence/immunology , Interferons/genetics , Receptors, Interferon/genetics , Receptors, Interferon/metabolism , Receptors, Pattern Recognition/genetics , Receptors, Pattern Recognition/metabolism , Virus Diseases/immunology
5.
J Interferon Cytokine Res ; 28(6): 341-50, 2008 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18593329

ABSTRACT

Interferons (IFN) provide a critical first line of defense against viral infection in vertebrates. Moreover, IFN-lambda, a recently identified group of mammalian IFN, has demonstrated antiviral potential in the treatment of mammalian viruses. With the growing concern over such diseases as avian influenza (AI), there is a pressing need for new antiviral strategies to manage problem viruses in poultry. Furthermore, the use of immune molecules, such as IFN-lambda, provides an attractive option for treating poultry by augmenting the host response to virus. With this in mind, we report here the first cloning, expression, and analysis of biologic activity of chicken IFN-lambda (ChIFN-lambda). We compared the similarity of ChIFN-lambda to those identified in other species and demonstrate that ChIFN-lambda has antiviral properties similar to those of human IFN-lambda (HuIFN-lambda). Our results demonstrate that in the chicken, as in human, the antiviral activity demonstrated by ChIFN-lambda supports its inclusion in therapeutic strategies directed against viral infections.


Subject(s)
Interleukins/genetics , Recombinant Proteins/genetics , Animals , Antiviral Agents/immunology , Antiviral Agents/pharmacology , Cell Line , Chick Embryo , Chickens , Cloning, Molecular , Escherichia coli , Humans , Immunotherapy, Active , Influenza A virus/drug effects , Influenza A virus/immunology , Influenza in Birds/immunology , Influenza in Birds/therapy , Interleukins/immunology , Macrophages/immunology , Macrophages/metabolism , Recombinant Proteins/immunology , Sequence Alignment , Toll-Like Receptor 3/biosynthesis , Toll-Like Receptor 3/immunology
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...