[Changes of Nonspecific Proteinases and Proinflammatory Cytokines in the Clinical Course of Acute Myocardial Infarction of Various Severity].

PURPOSE: to study changes of serum levels of nonspecific proteinases, their inhibitors, and proinflammatory cytokines during short term observation of patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We included in this prospective short-term study 82 patients (27 with uncomplicated non-Q wave MI, 30 with Q-MI complicated by Killip class I-II acute left ventricular failure [ALVF], 17 with Q-MI complicated by Killip class III-IV ALVF, and 8 non-survivors due to development of cardiogenic shock) and 12 healthy controls. Serum levels of interleukin (IL) - 1ß, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured by ELISA. Elastaselike (ELA) and trypsin-like (TLA) activities as well as characteristics of proteinase inhibitors (antitrypsin activity and acid-stable inhibitors) were also determined. Blood samples were taken at hospital admission within 24 hours after onset of symptoms. The GUSTO Score at admission was used for risk stratification. RESULTS: All cytokines levels were significantly elevated in MI patients in comparison to controls. Mean concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α at baseline were higher among patients with MI complicated by ALVF than in the group with uncomplicated MI (27.45 vs 16.04 pikogram / mL, р.

[Nerve Growth Factor in Patients With Arterial Hypertension: Neuropsychical, Hemodynamic, Metabolic Relationships].

AIM: To investigate the changes of serum nerve growth factor (NGF) level in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and obesity in dependence on the degree of psycho-emotional stress and physical activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined 76 male patients with stage I and II AH with mean age 46.75±0.56 years (36 patients with and 40 without obesity). Control group consisted of 26 individuals without AH, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. All patients underwent ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring. Serum concentrations of NGF ß-subunit and cortisol were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. For assessment of levels of psycho-emotional stress, reactive and personal anxiety, and physical activity we used Psychological Stress Measure (PSM-25), the Spielberger-Khanin questionnaire, and brief International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), respectively. RESULTS: Level of NGF in patients with AH and obesity (0.94±0.28 ρg/ml) was higher than in non-obese patients with AH (0.21±0.06 ρg/ml; p=0.018) with highest figures in patients with insufficient physical activity and high level of psychoemotional stress. In all groups of patients there was unidirectional reverse correlation between serum NGF and cortisol levels. According to ambulatory BP monitoring, NGF level was inversely proportional to systolic and diastolic BP variability in patients with AH and obesity and in the control group. Reduced serum concentration of NGF was associated with increased levels of reactive and personal anxiety. CONCLUSION: Obtained data suggests that NGF plays an important role in complex multifactorial interactions between neuropsychic, cardiovascular and metabolic processes.

Changes of humoral anti-endotoxin immunity and low-intensity inflammation in diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2.

The purpose: The purpose. Investigate the levels of different classes serum anti-endotoxin antibodies in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2 and to hold the cluster analysis of the relationship between the individual levels of such antibodies and the concentration of C-reactive protein in the blood. Methods: We examined 51 patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 60 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 1 or type 2 has been delivered in accordance with the criteria of the World Health Organization. The control group included 49 healthy people who have not a history of any chronic disease, and the clinical manifestations of acute diseases were absent at the time of the survey. By sex and age, the control group of healthy people matched to a group of patients with diabetes type 1 and type 2. The concentration of C-reactive protein in the blood and the levels of serum anti-endotoxin antibodies of different classes (A, M and G) was determined by ELISA. Results: Using cluster analysis revealed that 40.8% of patients with type 1 diabetes increased concentration of C-reactive protein in the blood is associated with a significant reduction of levels of serum anti-endotoxin antibodies classes A, M and G. In 56.7% of patients with type 2 diabetes the high concentration of C-reactive protein in the blood levels of serum anti-endotoxin antibody classes A and M were not significantly different from the normal values, but the levels of serum anti-endotoxin antibodies of class G were significantly increased. The activation of inflammation with a further increase of C-reactive protein in the blood of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus accompanied by a significant increase in levels of serum anti-endotoxin antibodies classes A and G, and also a tendency to reduce of levels anti-endotoxin antibodies class M. Conclusion: The results suggest about the relationship between low-intensity inflammation and immune response to enterobacterial endotoxins in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2.

[LEVELS OF SERUM ANTIBODIES TO ENTEROBACTERIAL LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH CONCENTRATION OF C-REACTIVE PROTEIN IN DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS].

We examined patients with type 1 (DM 1) and type 2 (DM 2) diabetes mellitus. The concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP) in the blood and levels of serum antibodies to different classes of enterobacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) were determined by ELISA. Using cluster analysis it was shown that in 40.8% DM-1 patients the increased concentration of CRP is associated with a decrease in the levels of serum anti-LPS-IgA, anti-LPS-IgM and anti-LPS-IgG. In 56.7% of DM-2 patients with increased concentration of CRP levels of serum anti-LPS-IgA and anti-LPS-IgM were not significantly different from the normal values, but the levels of serum anti-LPS-IgG were significantly increased. Activation of inflammation and increase of concentration of the CRP in the blood of DM-2 patients is accompanied by a significant increase in the levels of serum anti-LPS-A and anti-LPS-G, as well as the tendency to reduce the levels of anti-LPS-IgM. The results of this study suggest an association between low intensity inflammation and immune response to enterobacterial LPS in type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus.

Functional activity of CD34-positive cells in chronic myeloid leukemia patients with different response to imatinib therapy.

INTRODUCTION: It is believed that the reason of the leukemic clone cell resistance to treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors during chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is mutations in the genome of an early bone marrow progenitor cells that are CD34-positive. Such cells, regardless of treatment, acquire ability to proliferation and differentiation. This leads to the re-expansion of the CD34(+) cells. AIM: to determine the CD34 antigen expression in bone marrow and peripheral blood cells in CML patients with different response to imatinib therapy using the results of hematopoietic cells culturing and the data of flow cytometry. METHODS: Bone marrow aspirate from 39 patients who were treated with imatinib was studied with cytogenetic, flow cytometry and culture methods in vitro. RESULTS: In patients with an optimal response to imatinib therapy the number of colonies was 1.8 times lower than the number of those in the group of patients with a suboptimal response to therapy. In turn, in patients with failure of imatinib therapy the number of colonies was the highest and was 2.1 times higher than the patients with optimal response. The results of cytometric studies have shown that the number of CD34(+) cells in bone marrow was significantly higher compared to the number of CD34(+) cells in peripheral blood cells and increased with the acquisition of leukemic cells the resistance to imatinib. There was a direct correlation between the number of colonies and clusters in semisolid agar in vitro and the number of CD34(+) cells in the bone marrow of patients. CONCLUSIONS: The correlation between the number of CD34(+) cells and the number of cell aggregates in semisolid agar in vitro indicates the prognostic value of the method for determining CD34(+) cells in the patient bone marrow. The parallel increase of their number in the peripheral blood will allow developing express methods for the detection of individual patient response to imatinib therapy.

[Correlation between basal concentration of C-reactive protein in the blood, levels of serum antiendotoxin antibodies and endotoxin-binding capacity of monocytes and granulocytes in healthy people].

The associative links between base concentration of C-reactive protein (hsCRP), levels of serum antiendotoxin antibodies of different classes and endotoxin-binding capacity of monocytes and granulocytes of healthy volunteers were investigated by cluster analysis. In the group of healthy volunteers with increased base concentration of hsCRP in blood the levels of serum antiendotoxin antibodies of different classes and endotoxin-binding capacity of monocytes and granulocytes were reduced. Thus, the disbalance of detoxification and clearance of endotoxin by humoral and cellular mechanisms can be one of the possible causes of development of low intensity inflammation and increase of hsCRP concentration in blood.

[Avidity and competitive inhibition of binding native and chaotropically modified immunoglobulins with protein and glycolipid antigens].

It is established, that native and chaotropically modified immunoglobulins essentially differ by avidity and character of competitive inhibition of binding with protein (ovalbumin), glycolipid (lipopolysaccharides) antigens and native double-strand DNA. Apparently, it is connected with structural and functional distinctions of their antigen-binding centres.

Proliferation and survival of rat C6 glioma culture in the presence of implants coated with modified carbon-based films.

The survival of rat C6 glioma decreased in the presence of implants from VT-16 titanium alloy. Diamond-like carbon coating of VT-16 alloy slightly increased cell death on day 5 of the experiment (39.9+/-2.1%). The percentage of dead C6 glioma cells inside titanium rings with diamond-like carbon coating, incorporating up to 3.5 atom.% Ag nanoparticles, was 53.7+/-4.3% on day 5 of culturing, while after doping to 6.7 atom.% Ag cell death reached 66.7+/-3.2% (p<0.05). The maximum toxic effect towards C6 glioma was detected in the specimens coated with diamond-like film with silver nanoparticles.

[The "tourniquet" ischemia-reoxygenation of the extremities as the method of nonmedicinal immunocorrection].

There were adduced the results of studying of cellular and humoral factors of the immunity in a brief-lasting ischemia-reoxygenation of the extremities in 56 patients with surgical diseases and in 31 pupils, in whom the organism reactivity lowering was revealed. It was established, that changes in the ischemia-reoxygenation of the extremities are multifactorial and they are connected primarily with the immunocompetent cells activation. Nonmedicinal method of the "tourniquet" immunocorrection was proposed, which is recommended as a concurrent one - for the recovery acceleration or solely - in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. It may be prescribed as a health-improving method in a rapid fatigue, insomnia, weakness, loss of appetite and other signs of the organism reactivity lowering. Application of the method secures the morbidity lowering in frequently ill pupils.

[Interaction of chaotropically modified immunoglobulins with protein and glicolipid antigens].

The features of interaction of native and chaotropically modified immunoglobulins with proteins (ovalbumin) and glicolipids (lipopolysaccharides, LPS) enterobacteria Escherichia coli K235, Salmonella minnesota and Salmonella enteritidis have been investigated. It has been established, that after processing of native antibodies with 3.5 M KSCN their ability to contact to the specified antigenes repeatedly grows. Besides the intensity of interaction of modified immunoglobulins with the mentioned above antigenes was various, that is determined by the presence of structural distinctions between antigen determinants of proteins and glycolipid antigens, and also between O-polysaccharide chains of LPS in different species of enterobacteria.

[New approach to an increase of specificity in determination of antibodies to lipopolysaccharides of Gram-negative bacteria by solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay]. / Novyi podkhod k povysheniiu spetsifichnosti opredeleniia antitel k lipopolisakharidam gramotritsatel'nykh bakterii metodom tverdofaznogo immunofermentnogo analiza.

A simple and effective method is proposed to increase the sorption of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of Gram-negative bacteria on the polystyrene surfaces, in which there is no need of preliminary modification of the surface of the solid phase with poly-L-lysine. The method consists in using 0.05 M carbonate buffer (pH 9.6) with 70% of ammonium sulfate at the stage of LPS immobilization. As a result, LPS absorption increases essentially, and the level of non-specific reactions remains low. This makes the usage of additional blocking reagents unnecessary and allows increasing sensitivity and specificity in determination of anti-LPS-antibodies by the solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

[The influence of surgical intervention on the functional status of hypophyseal-thyroid system in patients with acute destructive appendicitis]. / Vliianie khirurgicheskogo vmeshatel'stva na funktsional'noe sostoianie gipofizarno-tireoidnoi sistemy u bol'nykh s ostrym destruktivnym appenditsitom.

The changes of thyrotropin (TSG), thyroxin (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) blood levels in patients with acute destructive appendicitis and initial decrease of T3, as well as its absorption of T4 by lymphocytes after operation were studied. It is established that "low T3 level syndrome" in surgical patients exceeds the limit of quantitative assessment of the level of thyroid hormones' concentration in peripheral blood. It includes also damage of functional intersystem (endocrine-immune) links. Hormone replacement therapy using thyroid hormones in order to activate immunocytes indirectly (through thymic factors) in patients with acute destructive appendicitis and initial decrease of T3 level and decreased activity of T-part of immunity is pathophysiologically justified.

[The role of thyroid and thymic hormones in regulation of fibrinolytic and pro-coagulant activity of leukocytes in patients with acute destructive appendicitis]. / Rol' tiroidnykh i timicheskikh gormonov v reguliatsii fibrinoliticheskoi i prokoaguliantnoi aktivnosti leikotsitov u bol'nykh s ostrym destruktivnym appenditsitom.

Dynamics of the leukocytes fibrinolytic activity and expression of receptors to thrombin by lymphocytes were studied in patients with an acute destructive appendicitis on background of lowering of the endogenous triiodothyronine synthesis. Misbalance of functional integration of immune system, forming conditions for pronounced disorder of the wound process kinetics, was revealed. Conduction of restoration therapy in the early postoperative period, using thyroid hormones, was substantiated in patients with the triiodothyronine low level syndrome for prophylaxis of complications.

[Study of the binding between bacterial lipopolysaccharides and polymyxin by a bioluminescent method]. / Izuchenie sviazyvaniia bakterial'nykh lipopolisakharidov s polimiksinom bioliuminestsentnym metodom.

For rating the interaction of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) with polymixin B (PmB) a bacterial bioluminescence is offered to be used. Bioluminescence level of bacteria decreases under free antibiotic amounts action. It is shown, that as a result of interaction with LPS antibiotic properties of PmB are reduced, and the intensity of bacterial bioluminescence is restored. The bioluminescence level in such system characterizes the LPS quantity. Kinetic properties of bacterial light emission at the presence of LPS and PmB are investigated as well as equilibrium state of the system. Kinetic and equilibrium constants describing this reaction are determined. The conditions of quantitative bioluminescent definition of LPS in an interval of concentration 0.166-10 micrograms/ml have been chosen and calibration curves are presented.

[The immunophenotypic and cytogenetic characteristics of the blast cells in subvariants of acute myeloid leukemia]. / Immunofenotipicheskaia i tsitogeneticheskaia kharakteristika blastnykh kletok pri nekotorykh podvariantakh ostroi mieloidnoi leikemii.

The results of study of morpho-cytochemical peculiarities, antigenic profile and peripheric blood and/or bone marrow blast cell karyotype of 21 patients with acute myeloid leukemia are presented. Hemopoietic cell immunophenotyping was carried out with the use of cytofluorometer FACScan and chromosome cytogenetic analysis with the use of analyzer "Metascan". It has been shown that in the AML M1 blast cell plasmatic membrane carries pan-myeloid CD33 and CD13 antigens, the last having high density of expression, and the CD38 antigen, which is a myeloid cell-precursor marker. In these patients tetraploidy, being the testimony of karyotype change, has been ascertained. It has been found out that the AML M2 blasts, except pan-myeloid antigens, express the cell proliferation CD71 marker. Blast cell karyotype peculiarities typical for this leukemia sub-variant have been revealed. In patients with the AML M4 in 3 of 6 cases an anomalous karyotype has been found. It has been also shown that the CD14 antigen, and rather its percentage in blast total population, is the differential-diagnostic criterion for the AML M4 and M5.

[The influence of laser and electrophoresis of myramistin on dehydrogenases activity of the blood neutrophils in complex treatment of purulent complications in abdominal surgery]. / Vliianie lazero- i élektroforeza miramistina na aktivnost' degidrogenaz neitrofil'nykh granulotsitov krovi pri kompleksnom lechenii gnoinykh oslozhnenii v abdominal'noi khirurgii.

It was established in clinical and experimental investigations that while the purulent postoperative complication occurrence the activity of succinate dehydrogenase, alpha-glycerophosphatedehydrogenase, glucoso-6-phosphatedehydrogenase is reducing and the activity of the blood neutrophils lactatedehydrogenase is rising. Application of a laser and electrophoresis with Miramistin had promoted the normalization of these enzymes activity, substantiating its usage in complex therapy of purulent complications of the operation wound healing.

[Cytochemical investigation of glycogen in neutrophils of peripheral blood in patients with purulent surgical complications after the application of the myramistin laserophoresis]. / Tsitokhimicheskoe issledovanie glikogena v neitrofil'nykh granulotsitakh perifericheskoi krovi u bol'nykh s gnoinymi khirurgicheskimi oslozhneniiami pri ispol'zovanii lazeroforeza miramistina.

In experimental and clinical investigations it was established, that purulent surgical complications are glycogendepending energy-expending process. The diagram of the surgical complications treatment was proposed, which uses laserophoresis of 0.01% aqueous solution of myramistin, securing intracellular glycogen in neutrophils of peripheric blood. Along with the tissue cellular energy-capacity it may be a ground for the myramistin application in complex of treatment of surgical complications.

[A modification to the chloroform-methanol method of isolating the matrix protein of the influenza virus]. / Modifikatsiia khloroform-metanol'nogo metoda vydeleniia matriksnogo belka virusa grippa.

A modification of chloroform-methanol method of isolation of M1 protein (M1P) of human influenza A virus allowed increasing 1.6 times the yield of the target product and decreasing 6.4 times the amount of organic solvents. It has been shown that M1 protein isolated by the modified method did not differ (as to its physicochemical characteristics and antigenic activity) from M1 protein isolated by means of the initial method.

[The outlook for the creation of a bank of cryopreserved cord blood for clinical use]. / Perspektiva sozdaniia banka kriokonservirovannoi kordovoi krovi dlia klinicheskogo primeneniia.

Appraisal of morphological and functional features of cord blood cells involving identification of precursor cells marked with specific monoclonal antibodies makes it possible to regard cord blood as biologically valuable hemopoietic tissue with a high repopulation potential. Studies aimed at developing optimal conditions of cryopreservation allow the stocks of biologically valuable tissue to be built up.

[The distribution of histocompatibility antigens among donors (the city of Kiev)]. / Raspredelenie antigenov gistosovmestimosti u donorov (g. Kiev).

It was shown that the most frequent HLA antigens among Kiev residents are: in the locus A--antigen A2 (36.33%), A1 (25.0%), in the locus B--B8 (20.33%), B13 (17.33%), in the locus C--CW4 (18.0%) and CW2 (12.33%). The frequency of B5 antigen decreased from 26.67 to 11.67% and B12 antigen from 30.33 to 10.67% for the last 10 years. These data may be used as a control for to study the association of histocompatibility antigen system with the human pathology and for the formation of risk groups at some diseases.