[Abnormality of the lower cranial nerves as a symptom of Chiari's syndrome]. / Alteración en los pares craneales bajos como sospecha de un síndrome de Chiari.

Dysfunction of the last cranial pairs can occur in some neurological diseases, such as Chiari's malformation. This entity causes herniation of the cerebellar amygdalas through the foramen magnum, producing descent of the brainstem and traction on the lower cranial pairs. This dysfunction occurs in 57-70% of patients with this malformation, which is why the disease may be diagnosed in the ENT clinic. Clinical suspicion of this entity after exhaustive examination of the patient, early disease diagnosis and correct selection of surgical treatment can alleviate major symptoms and prevent neurological complications in some cases.

[An endobronchial mass as the presentation of tuberculosis. A report of 3 cases and review of the literature]. / Masa endobronquial como presentación de tuberculosis. Descripción de tres casos y revisión de la literatura.

3 cases of endobronchial TB are described. They were diagnosed as endobronchial mass which deviated the diagnosis to another pathology in absence of sputum culture. The TB treatment produced a complete resolution of the lesions. We highlight the endobronchial mass as a non-frequent clinical feature of EBTB and we should bear this etiology in mind in differential diagnosis of all endobronchial masses even if the clinical and endoscopic data are of bronchial tumor.

[Hepatotoxicity induced by cyanamide. A review of the anatomicopathological changes apropos a case]. / Hepatotoxicidad inducida por cianamida. Revisión de las alteraciones anatomopatológicas a propósito de un caso.

A case of toxic liver disease induced by cyanamide in a patient in treatment with this drug during 18 months, is presented. We reviewed the different liver cell alterations produced by a long-term treatment with cyanamide, which produces fibrosis and portal inflammation, as well as polished cells with different characteristic features. These alterations forced the establishing of close controls of patients in treatment with this type of anti-alcoholism drug, as well as the reduction of the duration of therapy, this questioning the efficacy of the treatment of chronic alcoholism with this aversive drug.