ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this research was to explore mothers' lived experience of early bonding with their twins.Background: Research has suggested that the process of bonding with twins may differ from that of bonding with singletons. However, there is limited research exploring this experience from the mother's perspective.Method: An IPA study involved six participants in semi-structured interviews.Results: Two superordinate themes emerged; 'Twin guilt and shame' and 'I missed out they miss out'. Results suggested the experience of bonding with two infants simultaneously generated guilt for the mothers, who at points felt that they and their infants had missed out and had had to adapt.Conclusion: The experience of bonding with twins can be complex and take longer than anticipated, with mothers reporting the experience as being different from their expectations. Having a greater understanding and information about the complexities of bonding with twins would be beneficial for both mothers and professionals working with them.
Subject(s)
Mothers , Object Attachment , Emotions , Female , Humans , Infant , TwinsABSTRACT
Exenatide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist was originally developed as either a twice daily or once weekly injectable therapeutic for patients with type 2 diabetes. Exenatide QW suspension was developed for use with an autoinjector device, in which the microspheres are suspended in Miglyol 812, a mixture of medium chain triglycerides (MCTs). MCTs are a class of lipids whose fatty acid chains contain from six to 12 carbon atoms (medium chain fatty acids or MCFAs). While MCTs are edible oils present in many foods, including foodstuffs containing coconut and palm kernel oils, limited information is available regarding the oral and subcutaneous bioavailability of MCTs as well as safety following subcutaneous injection. These studies were designed to investigate the non-clinical pharmacokinetics and safety of MCTs. In a single dose pharmacokinetic study, MCFAs were rapidly detected in the plasma of rats following oral administration of either Miglyol 812 or tricaprylin at doses of 10 or 9.48 g kg-1 , respectively. Following subcutaneous dosing with Miglyol 812, MCFAs were rapidly absorbed with a similar profile to that following oral dosing. Furthermore, the toxicity of Miglyol 812 alone was evaluated in a 3 month repeat dose toxicology studies in cynomolgus monkeys. In this study, weekly subcutaneous doses of 0.15 g kg-1 did not elicit any treatment-related effects in cynomolgus monkeys. In conclusion, these studies alongside the available literature data show that Miglyol 812 is a safe excipient for use in subcutaneously administered therapeutics.
Subject(s)
Excipients/pharmacokinetics , Excipients/toxicity , Exenatide/administration & dosage , Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage , Triglycerides/pharmacokinetics , Triglycerides/toxicity , Administration, Oral , Animals , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Administration Schedule , Female , Injections, Subcutaneous , Macaca fascicularis , Male , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Toxicity Tests, Subchronic , Triglycerides/bloodABSTRACT
This qualitative UK study explored the lived experiences of volunteer befrienders to people with dementia, using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine befrienders aged between 25 and 66 years. The relationship that developed between befriender and befriendee was at the heart of befrienders' experiences. It comprised numerous paradoxical processes that generated issues of power, equality and boundaries, characterising befriending as a complex and unique phenomenon. Befriending was expressed as a deeply personal and human experience, often with emotional power and profound meaning. Befrienders' personal learning included seeing past dementia stereotypes, challenging their own assumptions and boundaries, and reflecting on love, life and humanness. Dissemination of these findings could help to challenge the stigma around dementia, and enhance recruitment and support of dementia befrienders. Future research should consider befriendee experiences of the relationship, additional measures of befriending effectiveness, and exploration of befriender attrition and support.
Subject(s)
Dementia/psychology , Friends/psychology , Interpersonal Relations , Volunteers/psychology , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Qualitative ResearchABSTRACT
AIMS: The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of men during their partner's admission to a Mother and Baby Unit for first episode postpartum psychosis. BACKGROUND: Postpartum psychosis can be life-changing for women, however little is known about the impact on their partners or their partners' needs. DESIGN: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis approach was used to analyse interview transcripts. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven participants. Interviews were conducted in 2014-2015. FINDINGS: Two main themes were identified: 'What the f*** is going on?' and 'Time to figure out how your family works'. Partners experienced shock and confusion during postpartum psychosis onset. Most felt hospital admission was beneficial, although there were barriers to accessing help and involvement in their partner's care. A process of understanding changes to roles, relationships and family identity was described. Loss was a common experience, with a potentially lasting impact. CONCLUSIONS: Men reported a range of challenging and positive experiences associated with their partner's postpartum psychosis. Improvements are needed in awareness of postpartum psychosis, access to appropriate services and support of partners.
