ABSTRACT
Background: The World Osteoporosis Day inaugurate on October 20 every year by the International Osteoporosis Foundation to initiate bone health and osteoporosis as a global health agenda for policymakers, health care providers, and the public. The reported the campaigns activities in three years 2019, 2020, and 2021. The aim of this campaigns was to promote the osteoporosis awareness to close osteoporosis care and data gaps. Methods: World Osteoporosis Day campaigns were held during three consecutive years 2019-2021 through "structuring" and "implantation" phases. The slogan of "early detection and timely diagnosis of osteoporosis" was followed in different public awareness and healthcare professional educational events. Also, a short survey regarding the knowledge of women aged ≥ 50 years of osteoporosis was used in campaigns to gather data for future planning. These nationwide campaigns was supported by the Osteoporosis Research Center in collaboration with the non-communicable diseases management office of Iran's Ministry of Health. Results: All activities stablished to close the "data" and "awareness" gap in osteoporosis care. 1972, 1881, and 2538 women aged ≥ 50 were participated in the world osteoporosis campaigns and educated in 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. More than thousands of online and published educational materials were provided and disseminated in group and face-to-face and virtual education via celebration meetings in primary healthcare facilities, parks and shopping malls. The wide-ranging health slogans and massages was distributed by way of SMS, press conferences on television, radio, and other social media platforms. In addition, the in-person and virtual events such as up-date osteoporosis symposiums, national osteoporosis research network meetings, osteoporosis essential courses, and subspecialty one-day seminars provided knowledge for health care teams and policy makers. Conclusion: Closing the osteoporosis treatment gap was approached by nationwide campaigns to make an appropriate intervention to emphasize early diagnosis and awareness of osteoporosis to close the care gap. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-023-01257-7.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: This paper presents the protocol of the 4th round of Iranian Multi-center Osteoporosis Study (IMOS), a national survey with the primary objective of estimating the prevalence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia and their risk factors in a representative sample of urban and rural populations. METHODS: The target population of the survey is all individuals ≥ 50 years in Iran. A multi-stage random sampling method has been used in the study. We stratified the 31 provinces of the country into 5 strata based on the distribution of their potential risk factors for osteoporosis and randomly selected one or two provinces from each stratum. Then, we invited 2530 people aged ≥ 50 years recruited in the 8th National Survey of None Communicable Diseases (NCD) Risk Factors (STEPs-2021) in the selected provinces to participate in IMOS. Body composition measurements including bone mineral density, muscle mass, and fat mass are measured through Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) method using HOLOGIC (Discovery and Horizon) devices; and Trabecular Bone Score (TBS) is measured on the DXA scans using iNsight software. Anthropometric measurement and physical examinations are made by a trained nurses and other required information are collected through face-to-face interviews made by trained nurses. Laboratory measurements are made in a central lab. The prevalence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia will be estimated after applying sampling design, non-response, and post-stratification weights to the data. DISCUSSION: IMOS will provide valuable information on the prevalence and determinants of osteoporosis and sarcopenia at the national level, and the results can be used in evaluating health system interventions and policymaking in the field of musculoskeletal diseases.
