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1.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 932019 Aug 05.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31378781

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The high pharmaceutical consumption requires establishing improvement measures with the collaboration of all the agents involved. The objective of the study was to analyze the pharmaceutical expenditure generated by prescriptions made by physicians working in a primary care area and assess its relationship with the quality indicators of the prescription. METHODS: The prescriptions of 200 family physicians of the Basque Health Service Araba Countyand dispensed by the community pharmacies between 2009 and 2016 were studied. The variables evaluated retrospectively corresponded to the quality indicators of the pharmaceutical prescription included in the Contract-Program of the Basque Department Health of 2016. Prediction models were developed using linear regression and binary logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The main factors which increased the pharmaceutical expenditure per person were: the use of novel drugs which do not offer therapeutic improvements, the proportion of pensioners, the use of statins and the use of antiulcer the proton pump inhibitors (PPI). On the contrary, the factors that reduced this expense were: the seniority in the medical position, the physician job stability and the prescription quality index. The profile of the doctor who generated the greatest expense of pharmaceutical prescription was mainly that of a professional who was responsible for a high percentage of pensioners, prescribed a high amount of inhibitors of the enzyme angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), prescribed a high amount of first level non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and also showed high use of antiulcer PPI. CONCLUSIONS: There is a statistically significant correlation between physicians who generate lower pharmaceutical expenditure and have a higher quality of prescription. The most influencing factors in the pharmaceutical expenditure are a high percentage of pensioners in the medical quota, the use of novel drugs that do not provide therapeutic improvements and the prescription of statins and anti-ulcer PPI drugs.


OBJETIVO: El elevado consumo farmacéutico requiere establecer medidas de mejora con la colaboración de todos los agentes implicados. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el gasto farmacéutico generado por las recetas prescritas por los médicos que trabajan en un área de atención primaria y evaluar su relación con los indicadores de calidad de la prescripción. METODOS: Se estudiaron las prescripciones de 200 médicos de familia de la Comarca Araba de Osakidetza y dispensadas por las oficinas de farmacia entre los años 2009 y 2016. Las variables evaluadas retrospectivamente correspondieron a los indicadores de calidad de la prescripción farmacéutica recogidos en el Contrato-Programa del Departamento de Salud del 2016. Se elaboraron modelos de predicción mediante técnicas de regresión lineal y logística binaria. RESULTADOS: Los principales factores que aumentaron el gasto farmacéutico por persona fueron: el uso de medicamentos novedosos que no ofrecen mejoras terapéuticas, la proporción de pensionistas, el uso de estatinas y el uso de antiulcerosos inhibidores de la bomba de protones (IBP). Por el contrario, los factores que redujeron este gasto fueron: la antigüedad en la plaza médica, la estabilidad laboral e el índice de calidad de prescripción. El perfil del médico que generó mayor gasto de prescripción farmacéutica fue principalmente el de un profesional que tenía a su cargo un elevado porcentaje de pensionistas, recetaba una cantidad elevada de inhibidores del enzima convertidor de angiotensina (IECA), prescribía una elevada cantidad de antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (AINE) de primer nivel e igualmente tenía un elevado uso de antiulcerosos IBP. CONCLUSIONES: Existe una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre los médicos que generan un menor gasto farmacéutico y presentan mayor calidad de la prescripción. Los factores que más influyen en el gasto farmacéutico son un elevado porcentaje de pensionistas en el cupo médico, el uso de medicamentos novedosos que no aportan mejoras terapéuticas y la prescripción de estatinas y de antiulcerosos IBP.


Subject(s)
Drug Prescriptions/economics , Health Expenditures/standards , Primary Health Care/standards , Quality of Health Care , Aged , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/economics , Anti-Ulcer Agents/economics , Female , Humans , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/economics , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Pharmacies , Primary Health Care/economics , Proton Pump Inhibitors/economics , Regression Analysis , Retrospective Studies , Spain/epidemiology
2.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 93: 0-0, 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-189491

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: El elevado consumo farmacéutico requiere establecer medidas de mejora con la colaboración de todos los agentes implicados. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el gasto farmacéutico generado por las recetas prescritas por los médicos que trabajan en un área de atención primaria y evaluar su relación con los indicadores de calidad de la prescripción. MÉTODOS: Se estudiaron las prescripciones de 200 médicos de familia de la Comarca Araba de Osakidetza y dispensadas por las oficinas de farmacia entre los años 2009 y 2016. Las variables evaluadas retrospectivamente correspondieron a los indicadores de calidad de la prescripción farmacéutica recogidos en el Contrato-Programa del Departamento de Salud del 2016. Se elaboraron modelos de predicción mediante técnicas de regresión lineal y logística binaria. RESULTADOS: Los principales factores que aumentaron el gasto farmacéutico por persona fueron: el uso de medicamentos novedosos que no ofrecen mejoras terapéuticas, la proporción de pensionistas, el uso de estatinas y el uso de antiulcerosos inhibidores de la bomba de protones (IBP). Por el contrario, los factores que redujeron este gasto fueron: la antigüedad en la plaza médica, la estabilidad laboral e el índice de calidad de prescripción. El perfil del médico que generó mayor gasto de prescripción farmacéutica fue principalmente el de un profesional que tenía a su cargo un elevado porcentaje de pensionistas, recetaba una cantidad elevada de inhibidores del enzima convertidor de angiotensina (IECA), prescribía una elevada cantidad de antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (AINE) de primer nivel e igualmente tenía un elevado uso de antiulcerosos IBP. CONCLUSIONES: Existe una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre los médicos que generan un menor gasto farmacéutico y presentan mayor calidad de la prescripción. Los factores que más influyen en el gasto farmacéutico son un elevado porcentaje de pensionistas en el cupo médico, el uso de medicamentos novedosos que no aportan mejoras terapéuticas y la prescripción de estatinas y de antiulcerosos IBP


OBJECTIVE: The high pharmaceutical consumption requires establishing improvement measures with the collaboration of all the agents involved. The objective of the study was to analyze the pharmaceutical expenditure generated by prescriptions made by physicians working in a primary care area and assess its relationship with the quality indicators of the prescription. METHODS: The prescriptions of 200 family physicians of the Basque Health Service Araba Countyand dispensed by the community pharmacies between 2009 and 2016 were studied. The variables evaluated retrospectively corresponded to the quality indicators of the pharmaceutical prescription included in the Contract-Program of the Basque Department Health of 2016. Prediction models were developed using linear regression and binary logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The main factors which increased the pharmaceutical expenditure per person were: the use of novel drugs which do not offer therapeutic improvements, the proportion of pensioners, the use of statins and the use of antiulcer the proton pump inhibitors (PPI). On the contrary, the factors that reduced this expense were: the seniority in the medical position, the physician job stability and the prescription quality index. The profile of the doctor who generated the greatest expense of pharmaceutical prescription was mainly that of a professional who was responsible for a high percentage of pensioners, prescribed a high amount of inhibitors of the enzyme angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), prescribed a high amount of first level non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and also showed high use of antiulcer PPI. CONCLUSIONS: There is a statistically significant correlation between physicians who generate lower pharmaceutical expenditure and have a higher quality of prescription. The most influencing factors in the pharmaceutical expenditure are a high percentage of pensioners in the medical quota, the use of novel drugs that do not provide therapeutic improvements and the prescription of statins and anti-ulcer PPI drugs


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Drug Prescriptions/economics , Health Expenditures/standards , Primary Health Care/standards , Quality of Health Care , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/economics , Anti-Ulcer Agents/economics , Pharmacies , Primary Health Care/economics , Proton Pump Inhibitors/economics , Regression Analysis , Retrospective Studies , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/economics , Logistic Models
3.
Ther Adv Drug Saf ; 9(10): 601-608, 2018 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30283628

ABSTRACT

The development of biosimilars is growing rapidly, especially in Europe. They are a cost-effective alternative to original biological medicines and can help improve patient access to these therapies. The European Medicines Agency (EMA) has been the first to issue scientific guidelines related to regulatory requirements for the approval of biosimilars. These guidelines have been being updated in line with advances in analytical techniques and growing experience in the clinical use of these drugs. Given the complex nature of biological medicines, they pose a greater potential risk of immunogenicity than nonbiological medicines, and hence warrant special consideration. The risk management plan for biopharmaceuticals (innovator and biosimilar drugs) should be based on strengthening ongoing pharmacovigilance activities, especially in the post-approval period. This paper addresses regulatory issues related to the approval of biosimilars in Europe associated with safety considerations linked to the development and use of these medicines. We also discuss the issues of immunogenicity, interchangeability and traceability of biological medicines.

4.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 922018 Aug 16.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30100604

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The proton pump inhibitors (PPI) anti-ulcer drugs are one of the most prescribed pharmacological groups in primary care. The objective of the work was to know the prescription of PPI in a Primary Care Area, the Araba district of the Basque Health Service, to advise family doctors about its correct use, and encourage the prescription of the most efficient PPIs. METHODS: Descriptive study of 200 family doctors PPI prescription at the Araba district of the Basque Health Service. Data were obtained from prescriptions billed by pharmacies between 2009 and 2014. We analyzed the expenses and DHD (DDD per 1000 inhabitants/day) of PPIs dispensed and the omeprazole relative uptake compared to other PPIs. Statistical analysis was performed with IBM SPSS v23® statistic software. RESULTS: IBP prescription increased by 23.75% (from 78.14 DHD in 2009 to 96.70 DHD in 2014). Their use was much higher than that of other European countries. In the same period, omeprazole relative prescription compared to other PPIs decreased by 4.56% (omeprazole % Defined daily dose (DDD) went from 74.67% in 2009 to 70.11% in 2014). The overall expenditure of these medicines decreased by 17.60%. CONCLUSIONS: There is an overall increase in the prescription of PPIs, although the expenses have decreased due to price drop. Likewise there is a decrease in the relative consumption of omeprazole, although the indications approved had not changed. PPIs prescription should be done with caution since their unjustified high use in the prevention of gastropathy increases the risk of inappropriate prescriptions. The most recommended PPI continues to be omeprazole.


OBJETIVO: Los antiulcerosos inhibidores de la bomba de protones (IBP) son uno de los grupos farmacológicos más prescritos en atención primaria. El objetivo del trabajo fue conocer la prescripción de IBP en el Área de Atención Primaria de la Comarca Araba de Osakidetza para sensibilizar a los médicos de familia sobre su correcta utilización, así como fomentar la prescripción de los IBP más eficientes. METODOS: Estudio descriptivo de la prescripción de IBP de 200 médicos de familia de la Comarca Araba de Osakidetza a partir de las recetas facturadas por las oficinas de farmacia durante los años 2009-2014. Se analizó el importe del consumo y las Dosis por 1000 habitantes/día (DHD) de IBP, así como el consumo relativo de omeprazol respecto al resto de principios activos de este subgrupo terapéutico. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante el programa IBM SPSS v23®. RESULTADOS: La prescripción de IBP se incrementó un 23,75% (de 78,14 DHD en 2009 hasta 96,70 DHD en 2014), siendo su utilización muy superior a la de otros países europeos. En el mismo periodo, el porcentaje de prescripción relativa de omeprazol frente al resto de IBP disminuyó un 4,56% (el porcentaje de Dosis diaria definida (DDD) de omeprazol pasó del 74,67% en 2009 al 70,11% en 2014). El gasto global de estos medicamentos disminuyó un 17,60%. CONCLUSIONES: Existe un incremento global en el número de prescripciones de IBP, aunque ha disminuido el gasto por la reducción de precios. Asimismo hay un descenso del consumo relativo de omeprazol, aunque no se han modificado las indicaciones aprobadas. La prescripción de IBP debe realizarse con prudencia, ya que su elevado uso de forma injustificada en la prevención de gastropatías aumenta el riesgo de prescripciones inadecuadas. El antiulceroso más recomendado continua siendo el omeprazol.


Subject(s)
Anti-Ulcer Agents/therapeutic use , Drug Utilization/trends , Peptic Ulcer/drug therapy , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/trends , Primary Health Care/trends , Proton Pump Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Medical Overuse/statistics & numerical data , Medical Overuse/trends , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/statistics & numerical data , Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Retrospective Studies , Spain
5.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 92: 0-0, 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-177595

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: Los antiulcerosos inhibidores de la bomba de protones (IBP) son uno de los grupos farmacológicos más prescritos en atención primaria. El objetivo del trabajo fue conocer la prescripción de IBP en el Área de Atención Primaria de la Comarca Araba de Osakidetza para sensibilizar a los médicos de familia sobre su correcta utilización, así como fomentar la prescripción de los IBP más eficientes. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de la prescripción de IBP de 200 médicos de familia de la Comarca Araba de Osakidetza a partir de las recetas facturadas por las oficinas de farmacia durante los años 2009-2014. Se analizó el importe del consumo y las Dosis por 1000 habitantes/día (DHD) de IBP, así como el consumo relativo de omeprazol respecto al resto de principios activos de este subgrupo terapéutico. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante el programa IBM SPSS v23(R). Resultados: La prescripción de IBP se incrementó un 23,75% (de 78,14 DHD en 2009 hasta 96,70 DHD en 2014), siendo su utilización muy superior a la de otros países europeos. En el mismo periodo, el porcentaje de prescripción relativa de omeprazol frente al resto de IBP disminuyó un 4,56% (el porcentaje de Dosis diaria definida (DDD) de omeprazol pasó del 74,67% en 2009 al 70,11% en 2014). El gasto global de estos medicamentos disminuyó un 17,60%. Conclusiones: Existe un incremento global en el número de prescripciones de IBP, aunque ha disminuido el gasto por la reducción de precios. Asimismo hay un descenso del consumo relativo de omeprazol, aunque no se han modificado las indicaciones aprobadas. La prescripción de IBP debe realizarse con prudencia, ya que su elevado uso de forma injustificada en la prevención de gastropatías aumenta el riesgo de prescripciones inadecuadas. El antiulceroso más recomendado continua siendo el omeprazol


Background: The proton pump inhibitors (PPI) anti-ulcer drugs are one of the most prescribed pharmacological groups in primary care. The objective of the work was to know the prescription of PPI in a Primary Care Area, the Araba district of the Basque Health Service, to advise family doctors about its correct use, and encourage the prescription of the most efficient PPIs. Methods: Descriptive study of 200 family doctors PPI prescription at the Araba district of the Basque Health Service. Data were obtained from prescriptions billed by pharmacies between 2009 and 2014. We analyzed the expenses and DHD (DDD per 1000 inhabitants/day) of PPIs dispensed and the omeprazole relative uptake compared to other PPIs. Statistical analysis was performed with IBM SPSS v23(R) statistic software. Results: IBP prescription increased by 23.75% (from 78.14 DHD in 2009 to 96.70 DHD in 2014). Their use was much higher than that of other European countries. In the same period, omeprazole relative prescription compared to other PPIs decreased by 4.56% (omeprazole % Defined daily dose (DDD) went from 74.67% in 2009 to 70.11% in 2014). The overall expenditure of these medicines decreased by 17.60%. Conclusions: There is an overall increase in the prescription of PPIs, although the expenses have decreased due to price drop. Likewise there is a decrease in the relative consumption of omeprazole, although the indications approved had not changed. PPIs prescription should be done with caution since their unjustified high use in the prevention of gastropathy increases the risk of inappropriate prescriptions. The most recommended PPI continues to be omeprazole


Subject(s)
Humans , Proton Pump Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Anti-Ulcer Agents/therapeutic use , Inappropriate Prescribing/prevention & control , Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Drug Prescriptions/standards
6.
Clin Breast Cancer ; 16(6): e175-e180, 2016 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27373841

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of performing a selective intraoperative sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in breast cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients in this prospective study were women with breast cancer seen at our hospital in 2014. These patients were divided into 2 groups on the basis of the clinical criteria age, tumor size, and molecular subtype: (1) Group A: women with clinical criteria indicative of the need to perform an intraoperative analysis of the sentinel lymph node (SLN); and (2) Group B: women in whom postoperative analysis of the SLN was performed. The final anatomopathologic findings obtained for the SLNs were analyzed and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the clinical criteria used to decide between intraoperative or postoperative analysis of the SLN were estimated. RESULTS: A total of 170 patients were included: 106 in group A and 64 in group B. The number of positive SLNs was 29 (22 in group A and 7 in group B; P = .09). The sensitivity of our clinical criteria for establishing the indication to perform an axillary SLNB was 75.86% (95% confidence interval [CI], 56.05%-88.98%), the specificity was 40.43% (95% CI, 32.35%-49.03%), the positive predictive value was 20.75% (95% CI, 13.73%-29.95%), and the negative predictive value was 89.06% (95% CI, 78.16%-95.12%). CONCLUSIONS: The clinical findings used to decide whether or not to perform an SLNB exhibit low sensitivity and specificity and must therefore not be used to decide the need for an intraoperative SLNB.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Clinical Decision-Making/methods , Intraoperative Care/methods , Postoperative Care/methods , Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy/methods , Age Factors , Axilla , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Female , Humans , Lymphatic Metastasis , Mastectomy , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Predictive Value of Tests , Prospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Sentinel Lymph Node/pathology
7.
Prog. obstet. ginecol. (Ed. impr.) ; 58(10): 446-451, dic. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-144935

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Analizar las discordancias entre la estadificación pre- y posquirúrgica en los cánceres de endometrio operados en nuestro servicio. Material y método. Estudio retrospectivo de los cánceres de endometrio operados por vía laparoscópica entre el 1 de enero de 2005 y el 31 de agosto de 2014. Se han calculado la sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo y valor predictivo negativo de la resonancia nuclear magnética y la biopsia de endometrio realizadas antes de la intervención quirúrgica, así como el porcentaje de mujeres que podrían haber sido infra- y sobretratadas en el caso de no haber realizado biopsia intraoperatoria de la pieza de histerectomía. Resultados. Hemos operado 174 cánceres de endometrio. La sensibilidad de la resonancia nuclear magnética para el diagnóstico de tumores en estadio I fue del 95,09%, la especificidad de 63,33%, el valor predictivo positivo de 93,37% y el valor predictivo negativo de 70,37%. Para la biopsia preoperatoria la sensibilidad para detectar tumores de grado 1 fue del 90,91%, la especificidad del 65,38%, el valor predictivo positivo de 74,77% y el valor predictivo negativo de 86,44. De no haber realizado biopsia intraoperatoria 21 mujeres (12,65%) de las 166 en estadio I hubiesen sido infratratadas y un 3,61% hubiesen sido sobretratadas. Conclusión. En los estadios iniciales del cáncer de endometrio la biopsia intraoperatoria de la pieza quirúrgica resulta imprescindible para evitar sobre e infratratamientos (AU)


Objectives. To analyse differences between preoperative and postoperative staging in a series of patients with endometrial cancer who underwent surgery in our department. Material and methods. We conducted a retrospective study of malignant endometrial tumours treated by laparoscopic surgery between January 1st 2005 and August 31st 2014. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of magnetic resonance imaging and biopsy performed before the intervention. We estimated the percentage of women at risk of over- and under-treatment if intraoperative biopsy had not been performed. Results. We included 174 malignant endometrial tumours. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of magnetic resonance imaging was 95.09, 63.33, 93.37 and 70.37%, respectively. For preoperative biopsy, the results were sensitivity (90.91%), specificity (65.38%), positive predictive value (74.77%) and negative predictive value. (86.44%). If intraoperative biopsy had not been performed, 12 of 166 (12.65%) women in stage 1 would have been undertreated and 3.61% would have been overtreated. Conclusion. Intraoperative biopsy should be mandatory in the early the stages of endometrial cancer to avoid under- and over-treatment (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged, 80 and over , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Endometrial Neoplasms/surgery , Endometrial Neoplasms/pathology , Biopsy/trends , Biopsy , Laparoscopy/methods , Sensitivity and Specificity , Predictive Value of Tests , Retrospective Studies , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Hysterectomy/methods , Hysterectomy , Lymph Node Excision/methods , Endometrium/pathology , Endometrium/surgery , Neoplasm Staging/methods
9.
Pharm. care Esp ; 7(2): 84-94, abr.-jun. 2005. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-68630

ABSTRACT

El amplio uso de medicamentos en los ancianos requiere tener en cuenta ciertas consideraciones, debido a que en esta población son frecuentes: la polimedicación, la automedicación y las reacciones adversas. Los antibióticos son uno de los grupos farmacológicos más prescritos y, también, más susceptibles de una utilización incorrecta. Por ello, en esta revisión se establecen unas pautas para un uso más racional de los mismos en la población anciana, especificando las peculiaridades farmacocinéticas y precauciones en cuanto a cumplimiento y resistencias, así como los antibióticos recomendados en las infecciones más frecuentes en atención primaria (AU)


The high use of drugs in the elderly must require some considerations because in this people polymedication, selfmedication and adverse drug reactions, are often. Antibiotics are one of the most prescribed pharmaceutical groups, so they are easily used in a wrong way. That's why in this review we establish some rules for a more rational use of antibiotics in the elderly, specifying pharmacokinetic changes, precautions about compliance and antimicrobial resistant, and advised antibiotics on the most usual infections in primary care (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Self Medication/adverse effects , Drug Resistance
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