An alternative technique for the induction of autoimmune valvulitis in a rat model of rheumatic heart disease.

We currently use a rat model in our investigations into human rheumatic heart disease (RHD). This model traditionally involves footpad immunization with antigen emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Trials to find an alternative adjuvant to CFA which produced a Th1 type response in the rats resulting in carditis were unsuccessful. However, hock immunization was found to produce the desired valvular pathology without the adverse inflammatory side-effects associated with CFA. We therefore consider the hock an ideal site for immunization, particularly when using CFA.