Benefits of periodontal therapy when preterm birth threatens.

There is growing evidence that chronic periodontitis may be a risk factor for pre-term birth. The goal of this intervention study was to determine the effect of periodontal treatment on the pregnancy outcome in women with threatening pre-term birth and initial localized chronic periodontitis. Forty-one women with a singleton pregnancy were enrolled in the study. For this treatment group, oral hygiene instruction and periodontal therapy were provided in the third trimester, while those in the control group (42 persons) did not receive any periodontal treatment. In the treatment group, the mean weight of newborns was 3079.0 g, compared with the control group mean of 2602.4 g. The incidence of pre-term birth and low birthweight in the treatment group was significantly less than in the control group (p = 0.015). Periodontal treatment completed before the 35th week appeared to have a beneficial effect on birth weight and time of delivery.

[Therapeutic solution for a combined endo-periodontal lesion. Case report]. / Kombinált endoparodontális elváltozás megoldása (Esetismertetés).

The endo-periodontal lesion may lead to diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties in general dental practice. In the present case endo-periodontal inflammation of the lower left first molar caused the patient's complaints. The inflammation of periodontal and pulpal origin was separated although they simultaneously were present in the same time. Endo-periodontal lesion can be treated by endodontic and periodontal care and sometimes complemented by surgery. Scaling and polishing, as well as root planing were performed following the endodontic treatment of distal root, then the tooth was dissected and the mesial root was removed. Finally the remained distal part of molar was used as a bridge abutment. Combined endo-periodontal lesion can be cured with appropriate treatment as root filling, periodontal treatment, supplemented with tooth dissection.

[Marginal adaptation of different esthetic filling materials under the effect of heat treatment]. / Különbözö esztétikus tömöanyagok széli zárásának változása hökezelés hatására.

The aim of the study was to examine the marginal adaptation of six tooth coloured restoratives to the tooth hard tissues before and after heat treatment considering the filling method and the placement of the cavity margin. The study showed that 1) the composite marginal adaptation was better with enamel bonding technique than with total bonding technique; 2) the microleakage was less before heat treatment; 3) the best fit was at the occlusal surface and the worst at the gingival tooth-filling junction with the composites; 4) non-composites showed the best adaptation at the approximal enamel-filling junction and the worst at the occlusal surface; 5) the best marginal adaptation could be achieved with Charisma and SpectrumTPH among the composites, and Dyract among the non-composites.

[Infection control in dentistry. II.: Disinfection od dental handpieces]. / Higiénia a fogászatban. II.: Kézidarabok dezinficiálasa.

The effectiveness of three different kind of sterilization or disinfection procedures was investigated in case of contaminated turbine handpieces. The results demonstrated that formaldehyde, isopropyl-alcohol and ethylenoxid are equally effective to disinfect or sterilize handpieces. The isopropyl-alcohol solving in pure ethyl-alcohol is one of the material which complies most of the requirements, as described by the authors.

[Hygiene in dentistry. I. Contamination of handpieces and dental units]. / Higiénia a fogászatban. I. Kézidarabok és az egységkészülékek fertözöttsége.

The microbial contamination was examined after clinical use in three groups: 1. autoclaved, 2. disinfected, 3. non treated dental turbine handpieces. The results did not show any difference in contamination between groups of handpieces. The authors described their recommendations how to use dental handpieces in cases of different cooling water supply of units.

Effect of fluoridated salt intake in infancy: a blind caries and fluorosis study in 8th grade Hungarian pupils.

UNLABELLED: Salt fluoridation is effective at inhibiting caries, but fluorosis prevalence data are deficient. OBJECTIVES: The purpose was to undertake a blind study of caries and tooth mottling in 8th grade school pupils from south-east Hungary who had resided (test) or not resided (control), until November 1985, in a 350 ppm F-/kg domestic salt-fluoridated area during their early years of life. METHODS: In Szeged, blind clinical caries and anterior tooth mottling scoring (+10% repeats) of 49 previously salt-fluoridated (mean age 14.14 years) and 59 non-salt-fluoridated subjects (mean age 14.08 years) were undertaken by one examiner, in June 1997. In addition, radiographic and photographic recordings were taken. In Glasgow, four dental and two lay staff scored the projected 35 mm colour transparencies (+10% repeats) of each pupil's six upper anterior teeth, for tooth mottling. All clinical, radiographic and photographic data were then analysed. RESULTS: Mean DMFS scores were 9.18 (SD=10.72) for test users and 4.51 (SD=6.24) for control users (P<0.01) and, based on repeat observations, clinical reliability=0.99; X-ray reliability=0.95. Clinically, three test children had fluorosis of 10 teeth, with eight teeth in two controls. Photographic scoring by the clinical examiner gave a 97.2% clinical match, while photographic agreements for all four dentist pairs were 92.5%-97.2%, with lay observers' agreements at 89.8%. For both groups, 10% repeats produced 98.5% agreements. In a sole test case "fluorosis" photographic unanimity was obtained, and non-unanimous "possible fluorosis" was recorded by two to four panel members for only three other test and two control subjects. CONCLUSIONS: No evidence was found that significant anterior tooth fluorosis resulted in subjects exposed previously to 350 ppm F-/kg domestic salt from birth to 2.3-4.8 years of age. However, no caries benefit was demonstrated after the 11.5-year salt fluoridation gap. Caries differences seemed social class-related, city-based controls having less disease than rural test subjects, in spite of an identical F- tablet regimen in all schools from 1987, until subjects were 10 years old. These data emphasise (a) the superiority of sustained community-delivered fluoridation and (b) the need to maintain constant fluoride delivery to tooth surfaces, certainly well beyond 10 years of age.

[In vitro comparison of marginal adaptation of different filling materials. II. Effect of the site and method of preparation on the marginal adaptation]. / Különbözö tmöanyagok széli zárásának in vitro összehasonlítása. II. A preparálás helyének és módjának a hatása a széli zárásra különbözó tömöanyagok esetén.

In a two-month in vitro experiment we examined the marginal adaptation of ten dental materials. Fifty Class II restorations were prepared extending to the cemento-enamel junction. The cavities of the composite restorations were bevelled at the vestibulo-occlusal and -approximal enamel margins, on the other side enamel and gingival margins were prepared conventionally. The specimens were thermocycled and examined with SEM. The microleakage was measured at the vestibulo-occlusal and -approximal tooth-filling junction, where adhesive technique was used, and at the gingival, oroocclusal and -approximal margins, which were not bevelled before. The obviously most important conclusion of the study is, that in the case of deep Class II cavities the amalgam has a better adaptation at the gingival margin than the examined composite resins.

[In vitro comparison of marginal adaptation of various filling materials. I. Effect of the filling material on marginal adaptation]. / Különbözó tömóanyagok széli zárásának in vitro összehasonlítása. I. Az alkalmazott tömóanyag hatása a széli zárásra.

In a two-month in vitro experiment cervical marginal adaptation was examined in relation to the preparation, filling method and restorative material. Fifty Class II cavities were prepared in fifty extracted sound human premolar and molar teeth extending to the approximal cement-enamel junction. The cavities to receive composite restorations were bevelled at the vestibulo-occlusal and -approximal enamel margins, the other aspects of the cavity enamel and gingival margins at the cement-enamel junction being prepared conventionally. The cavities for amalgam were prepared and filled conventionally. The specimens were cycled in different buffer solutions and temperature, modelling possible variations in the oral environment and examined with SEM. The results were analysed using ANOVA. The best marginal adaptation among the composites was achieved with Charisma, Estilux Posterior, Durafil and Prisma AP. H at the bevelled enamel margins, the worst marginal fit was with Heliomolar and Polofil. It was concluded, that adhesive technique reduces, but does not eliminate marginal leakage.

[Conservative treatment of a case of periapical lesion with complications. Report of a case and calcium hydroxide therapy]. / Szövödményes periapicalis elváltozás konzervatív kezelése. Egy eset kapcsán a kalcium-hidroxidról.

A case and treatment of extraoral fistula on the chin-caused by necrotic pulp of lower left canine--is being presented. In this case an endodontic origin should always be considered from the aspect of differential diagnosis. Nonsurgical endodontic therapy, sometimes complimented by surgery, or extraction are the treatment modalities of these cases. For the treatment calcium hydroxide powder mixed with chlorhexidin gluckonat (0.1%) was used. Usage of calcium hydroxide paste was leaded to rapid and successful healing of extraoral lesions communicating with necrotic tooth.

[Caries, fluorosis and salt fluoridation in the city of Szeged]. / Caries, fluorosis és sófluorozás Szegeden.

Salt fluoridation is effective at inhibiting caries, but fluorosis prevalence data are different. The purpose was to undertake a blind caries and tooth mottling study of 14-yrs-olds from S. E. Hungary who did (Test) or did not (Control) live, until 1985, in a 350 pp F-/kg salt fluoridated area during their early years of life. In Szeged, blind clinical and anterior tooth-mottling, radiographic and photographic recording of 49 previously salt-fluoridated and 59 non-salt-fluoridated subjects were undertaken by one examiner. In Glasgow, four dental and two lay staff scored the projected 35 mm colour transparencies of each pupil's teeth (13-23), for tooth mottling. Mean DMFS scores were 9.18 (SD = 10.72) and 4.51 (SD = 6.4) for Test and Control users respectively (p < 0.01). Clinically three Test children had fluorosis of 10 teeth, with 8 teeth in two Controls. In a sole Test case was "fluorosis" photographic unanimity obtained, and non-unanimous "possible fluorosis" was recorded by two-four 'jurors' for only three other Test and two Control subjects. No evidence was found that significant fluorosis resulted in subjects exposed previously to 350 ppm F-/kg salt early in life, but no caries benefit was demonstrated after the 11.5-yr salt fluoridation gap. These data emphasize (a) the superiority of substained community-delivered fluoridation, and (b) the need to maintain constant fluoride delivery to tooth surfaces, and certainly well beyond 10 years of age.

[Comparative study of the plaque-removing effect of oral irrigation]. / A szájtus lepedékeltávolító hatásának összehasonlító vizsgálata.

The authors in case of 10-10 persons compared the plaque removal effectiveness of toothbrush (II. group), the "Héviz" type mouth shower (I. group) and "Hexoral" (III. group) during two weeks period. In the IV. group all oral hygiene is ceased. According to the result they found less amount of plaque in the II. group and the greatest in the IV. group. The plaque removal effect of the mouth shower (II. group) was not much worse than the "Hexoral" (III. group). It means that mouth shower is ineffective alone to maintain good oral hygiene.

Amalgam restorations, plaque removal and periodontal health.

A total of 156 approximal subgingival amalgam overhanging margins were assessed in the buccal segments of 13 patients for plaque accumulation, gingival inflammation, pocket depth and gingival shrinkage. Recordings were made immediately before and 2, 4 and 8 weeks following scaling, removal of overhangs, and oral hygiene instruction. Surfaces with overhangs were compared with control surfaces, which were either intact or contained supragingival amalgams. Initially it was found that gingival inflammation and pocket depth were more extensive adjacent to subgingival amalgam overhangs than to sound teeth or those with supragingivally located amalgams. This appeared to be due to preferential plaque accumulation in relation to subgingival overhangs. For all parameters compared, differences apparent at the baseline had disappeared by the end of the 8-week study period. Contouring of defective subgingival restorations, followed by effective scaling and oral hygiene instruction produced approximately 1 mn of gingival shrinkage, sufficient in most cases to produce clinical gingival health. Of the 156 subgingival fillings 83 (53%) became supragingival and 43 (28%) reached the gingival crest by the end of the 8-week study period.