[Investigation of the collateral branches of the external carotid artery in a population from West Africa. About 60 cadaver dissections]. / Contribution à l'étude des branches collatérales de l'artère carotide externe chez le sujet originaire d'Afrique de l'Ouest. A propos de 60 dissections cadavériques.

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this survey was to study the level of emergence of the external carotid artery and the origin of its collateral branches about a dissection of 30 cadavers subjects of West Africa. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We dissected to the laboratory of Abidjan anatomy 30 cool adults' cadavers corresponding to 28 men and two women. At these 30 cadavers, we dissected 60 external carotids. We studied the level of bifurcation of the carotid artery in relation to hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage and the level of the emergence of the collaterals branches of the external carotid artery according to classic description. RESULTS: The origin of the external carotid artery was variable: in 46 cases (75%), the origin was between the hyoid bone and the thyroid cartilage; in 10 cases (15%), this origin was below the thyroid cartilage and in four cases (13%), this origin was over to the hyoid bone. In 46.5% of cases, we find five collaterals branches of the external carotid artery. According to classic description, we find some variations of the emergence of collateral arteries: the facial artery is not below the lingual artery in 28 cases (46.5%); the ascending pharyngeal artery do not emerge at the same level of lingual artery in 46 cases (76.5%) and in 44 cases (73%), the occipital artery do not emerge of the same level of the facial artery. CONCLUSION: Levels of collateral branch emergence in population of West Africa is variable. It is important to know that for practice cervical surgery safety.

[Internal iliac artery: functional anastomosis value and pelvic surgery application]. / Artère iliaque interne: valeur anastomotique fonctionnelle et application chirurgicale pelvienne.

The vascularization of the intra and extra pelvic organs of adults, children and neonates (male and female) is studied in 17 pelvis, in which the vascular system has been injected with colored Altufix p10 and gelatinous india ink. The pelvic region constitute a true vascular crossroad of two anastomotic networks, one arterial, originate from the visceral and parietal branches of iliac internal and external arteries, femoral and abdominal aorta by inferior mesenteric artery; the other one, which morphology is incompletely superposable in diameter. Each organ is tributary of characteristic vascular system from adventitious to mucosa with direct or recurrential manner between striated muscle fibers and mucosal layers. This duality of two systems, vascular and anastomotic provides the anatomic direction of vascular suppliance after troncular iliac artery binding and determines the vitality of the organ.

[The left renal retro-aortic vein: report of three cases]. / La veine rénale gauche rétro-aortique: à propos de trois cas.

This study investigated the congenital retro-aortic left renal vein in three subjects, observed in dissection practice. Comparative morphometric analysis is made about vein and artery and their collaterals. The importance and the contribution of this left retro-aortic renal vein are discussed with reference to his embryologic and clinical aspect implication.

[The musculo-fascial graft from the elevator muscle of the anus. Importance for plastic surgery of the bladder in the treatment of obstetric vesico-vaginal fistulas]. / Le lambeau musculo-fascial du muscle élévateur de l'anus. Intérêt pour une plastie vésicale dans la crue des fistules vésico-vaginales obstetricales.

The levator ano-muscle and fascia are studied by females pelvis. The muscle is composed of three groups of fibres: the puborectalis muscle, the ilococcygeus and the ischiococcygeus muscles. The muscular fascial graft is dissected from the superior fibers of puborectalis muscle and placed in front of the lateral face of the bladder. In this regard, the anatomical and clinical knowledges are provided and morphometric and morphologic studies proposed this graft as the inter-vesico-vaginal plasty in treatment of vesico-vaginal fistulae.