Subject(s)
Medicine , Thrombocytopenia , Fatigue/diagnosis , Humans , Thrombocytopenia/diagnosis , Weight LossABSTRACT
The oropharynx is an interface between the airway and the digestive tract. Clinical evaluation and endoscopy suffice for the diagnosis of a variety of lesions, but tumors require cross-sectional imaging to assess local infiltration depth and lymphatic spread. This article discusses different lesions of the oropharynx with respect to imaging characteristics of CT and MRI, with a focus on resectability issues and decision-making.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Lymphangioma/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Pharyngeal Diseases/diagnosis , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Artifacts , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Lymphangioma/pathology , Lymphangioma/surgery , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Neoplasm Staging , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/pathology , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/surgery , Oropharynx/pathology , Pharyngeal Diseases/pathology , Pharyngeal Diseases/surgeryABSTRACT
With less than 100 cases described in the literature, the incidence of liposarcoma in the head and neck is very low. We report on a 54-year-old patient with a liposarcoma of the right cervical soft tissue. After complete tumor extirpation the patient underwent radiotherapy. Diagnostics, histopathological classification, therapy and prognosis of liposarcoma are discussed in this case report and review of the literature.
Subject(s)
Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnosis , Head and Neck Neoplasms/therapy , Liposarcoma/diagnosis , Liposarcoma/therapy , Soft Tissue Neoplasms/diagnosis , Soft Tissue Neoplasms/therapy , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Rare Diseases/diagnosis , Rare Diseases/therapy , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Topological features of the larynx and hypopharynx may be depicted during sonographic examination of the neck, although ultrasound is seen of minor diagnostic importance. The varying extend of thyroid cartilage ossification appears to be the major limiting factor. We intended to assess the sonographic accessability of laryngeal structures with high end resolution ultrasound devices. METHODS AND PATIENTS: We examined 101 patients endoscopically and by ultrasound. Normal laryngeal findings and pathologies were examined and analysed considering limitations by thyroid cartilage ossification. RESULTS: Despite varying grades of ossification, the majority of laryngeal structures were clearly displayed by ultrasound. Ossification was increasing in the elderly. In 16 cases (16 %) ossification prevented a successful evaluation. In 9 cases of malignant tumor and one laryngocele sonographic assessment was able to contribute additional diagnostic information. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound of the larynx requires methodical experience of the operator but is capable to depict relevant anatomic structures, even with presence of thyroid cartilage ossification, thus being able to increase diagnostic impact and may save additional imaging modalities.
Subject(s)
Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Laryngeal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Larynx/diagnostic imaging , Ossification, Heterotopic/diagnostic imaging , Thyroid Cartilage/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Endoscopy , Hematoma/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Laryngeal Diseases/diagnosis , Laryngeal Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Laryngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Laryngoscopy , Larynx/abnormalities , Middle Aged , Ultrasonography , Vocal Cord Paralysis/diagnosis , Vocal Cord Paralysis/diagnostic imaging , Vocal CordsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Sialolithiasis as a cause of sialadenitis within Wharton's duct accounts for more than 80% of all cases. In the past extirpation of the gland was carried out in nearly all cases. Gland-preserving therapies such as transoral removal have so far been seldom examined. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 683 patients suffering from submandibular lithiasis with a mean age of 45 years (8-87 years) transoral removal of the stones were carried out. The follow-up period was 1-7 years. The stone location was distal to the edge of the mylohyoid muscle in 283 cases and more proximal to the gland within the hilum in 296 patients (single concrements). Fifty-nine patients had two separate stones, one within the area of the hilum and other smaller ones proximal within the gland. RESULTS: All patients with distal stone location, 89% of patients with single stones of the perihilar region, and 63% of the patients with two separate stones in the hilum and parenchyma were free of stones. Another 8 and 23%, respectively, had small residual concrements without any complaints. Recurrence of lithiasis or damage of the lingual nerve remained below 1%. CONCLUSION: Transoral removal in palpable sialoliths should be considered as the treatment of choice in patients suffering from submandibular stones located within the floor of the mouth or within the perihilar region of the gland. Ultrasound imaging is important for exact location of the stones.
Subject(s)
Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods , Oral Surgical Procedures/methods , Salivary Gland Calculi/diagnostic imaging , Salivary Gland Calculi/surgery , Submandibular Gland Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Submandibular Gland Diseases/surgery , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Treatment Outcome , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
Neurological impairment during pregnancy is also commonly found in otorhinolaryngology. Cranial nerve palsy, e.g. of the facial nerve or changes in signal processing of the hearing system, are described. Apart from changes in electrolyte balance, these neurological alterations are attributed to hormone fluctuations. The spontaneous remission of the neurological problems after delivery is frequently reported. This case report presents a 34 year pregnant patient suffering from binaural sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus in the third trimester. Three weeks after delivery there was a spontaneous remission and a measurable improvement of the audiological findings. Although treatment with cortisone and antibiotics remained without effect, a pharmacological treatment during pregnancy has to be carefully and individually coordinated. An interdisciplinary approach in diagnostic and therapeutic measures together with gynaecologists appears obligatory.
