[Oral manifestations in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus]. / Manifestaciones estomatológicas en pacientes infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana.

This study describes the stomatological findings reported on 20 Peruvian patients infected by the human AIDS virus. Lesions occurring most frequently were: xerostoma (80%), pseudomembranous candidiasis (70%), commissural cheilitis (55%), atrophy of filiform papillae (40%), ulcerative lesions (30%), vellous leucoplasia (25%) and erithematose or atrophic candidiasis (25%). Prevalence of the diverse lesions detected was correlated with the clinical stage of the disease in order to identify those manifestations that could be considered as early signs or precursors of the Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The present article includes a review of the literature related to those clinical, epidemiological and preventive aspects that the dental surgeon must understand if he is to perform diagnosis and treatment on this type of patients.

Diagnostic value of bone marrow culture in typhoid fever.

The diagnostic efficacy of bone-marrow culture, serial blood cultures and agglutination tests was compared in a prospective study of 60 patients with typhoid fever, two thirds of whom had received prior antibacterial therapy. Salmonella typhi was recovered from marrow cultures in 95% of patients but blood cultures were positive in only 43.3% (P less than 0.001). Agglutination tests were eventually diagnostic in 56.7% of patients, but in only 25% at the time of admission. If procedures had been limited to blood cultures and agglutination tests, diagnosis would have been missed in 21.7% of cases. The efficacy of marrow cultures was affected not by the duration of disease but by the extent of antibacterial therapy before presentation. Bacteriological recovery was faster from marrow cultures.