ABSTRACT
The performance of two light-emitting diode traps with white and black light for capturing phlebotomine sand flies, developed by the Argentinean Leishmaniasis Research Network (REDILA-WL and REDILA-BL traps), were compared with the traditional CDC incandescent light trap. Entomological data were obtained from six sand fly surveys conducted in Argentina in different environments. Data analyses were conducted for the presence and the abundance of Lutzomyia longipalpis, Migonemyia migonei, and Nyssomyia whitmani (106 sites). No differences were found in presence/absence among the three types of traps for all sand fly species (p>0.05). The collection mean of Lu. longipalpis from the REDILA-BL didn´t differ from the CDC trap means, nor were differences seen between the REDILA-WL and the CDC trap collection means (p>0.05), but collections were larger from the REDILA-BL trap compared to the REDILA-WL trap (p<0.05). For Mg. migonei and Ny. whitmani, no differences were found among the three types of traps in the number of individuals captured (p>0.05). These results suggest that both REDILA traps could be used as an alternative capture tool to the original CDC trap for surveillance of these species, and that the REDILA-BL will also allow a comparable estimation of the abundance of these flies to the CDC light trap captures. In addition, the REDILA-BL has better performance than the REDILA-WL, at least for Lu. longipalpis.
Subject(s)
Entomology/instrumentation , Entomology/methods , Psychodidae , Animals , Argentina , Equipment Design , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
SUMMARY The first Argentinian autochthonous human case of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) was confirmed in Posadas (Misiones) in 2006. Since then, the disease has increased its incidence and geographical distribution. In the 2006-2012 period, 107 human cases were detected (11 deaths). The presence of Lutzomyia longipalpis was detected in peridomiciles in Puerto Iguazú urban area in 2010; some of these findings were associated with households where cases of canine VL had already been reported. The objective of this study was to ascertain the abundance and spatial distribution of Lu. longipalpis in Puerto Iguazú City, on the Argentina-Brazil-Paraguay border. Lu. longipalpis proved to be exclusively urban and was found in 31% of the households sampled (n = 53), 67% of which belonged to areas of low abundance, 20% to areas of moderate abundance and 13% to areas of high abundance. Nyssomyia whitmani was the only species found both in urban and peri-urban environments, and Migonemyia migonei was registered only on the outskirts of the city. Due to the fact that Puerto Iguazú is considered to be at moderate risk at the moment, it is necessary to intensify human and canine case controls, as well as take integrated prevention and control measures regarding the environment, vectors and reservoirs on the Argentina-Brazil-Paraguay border area. .
RESUMO O primeiro caso humano autóctone de leishmaniose visceral (LV) na Argentina ocorreu na cidade de Posadas (Misiones) em 2006, desde então, tem ocorrido um aumento na incidência e distribuição geográfica da doença. No período entre 2006 e 2012 foram detectados 107 casos humanos com 11 mortes. Em 2010 se constatou a presença de Lutzomyia longipalpis no município de Puerto Iguazú, localizado na fronteira entre Argentina-Brasil-Paraguai. O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a abundância e distribuição de Lu. longipalpis no município de Puerto Iguazú. Lu. longipalpis foi encontrada exclusivamente na área urbana, em 31% das amostras coletadas dos domicílios de referência (n = 53), 67% das quais pertenciam às áreas de baixa abundância, 20% às de moderada e 13% às de alta abundância da espécie. Nyssomyia whitmani foi coletado em ambientes urbanos e periurbanos e Migonemyia migonei, somente nas periferias da cidade. Na atualidade, a cidade de Puerto Iguazú é considerada como de risco moderado; por isso, é necessário intensificar o controle tanto de casos humanos como de caninos e levar em conta as medidas de prevenção e controle do ambiente, dos vetores e dos reservatórios na zona de fronteira Argentina-Brasil-Paraguai. .
