[Effect of synthetic muramyl dipeptide derivatives on staphylococcal infection in mice]. / Vliianie sinteticheskikh proizvodnykh muramildipeptida na techenie stafilokokkovoi infektsii u myshei.

The work deals with the results of experimental evaluation of the influence of some new modified derivatives of muramyldipeptide (MDP) on the course of staphylococcal infection in mice. The preparations under study were found to produce rapid elimination of bacteria from kidneys and the increase of phagocytic activity of blood macrophages in animals. At the same time MDP and its derivatives stimulated natural killer cells whose activity was inhibited during infection. The dependence between the structure of these compounds and their protective action in staphylococcal infection, as well as the increase of the natural immunity characteristics of the body was followed.

[The antibacterial efficacy of preparations of interferon and its inducers]. / Antibakterial'naia éffektivnost' preparatov interferona i ego induktorov.

Experimental data have been presented which prove antibacterial efficiency of interferon preparations and inducers under infection processes evoked by Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae. It is shown that the system of phagocytizing cells and natural cells-killers plays the basic protective role in the organism under the persistence of these microbes. The basic regularities of activating effect of interferon preparations and its inducers on the functional activity of the above mentioned cells have been found. The methods of treatment with interferon drugs based on experimental data have been developed for the first time. They were used to cure patients with pyo-septic diseases.

[Cytokines and nonviral infections]. / Tsitokiny i nevirusnye infektsii.

Cytokines (interferons, tumour necrosis factor and interleukin-1) with marked polyfunctional properties are described. They are synthesized by different cells of both immune and non-immune systems of organism and are able to stimulate, induce or inhibit various immunological and biological reactions and processes. The effect exerted by these cytokines on the course of bacterial infections is analyzed. The cytokines possess protective properties which are demonstrated in activation of neutrophils, intensification of bactericidal and phagocytic activity of macrophages and natural cells-killers.

[Synergistic action of recombinant preparations of gamma-interferon and tumor necrosis factor on the course of experimental staphylococcal infection]. / Sinergidnoe deistvie rekombinantnykh preparatov gamma-interferona i faktora nekorza opukholi na techenie éksperimental'noi stafilokokkovoi infektsii.

The action of recombinant gamma-interferon (rINF-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor (rTNF-alpha) as well as that of their combinations was studied in a model of staphylococcal infection. It was observed that the use of rINF-gamma alone was not sufficient for the activation of the effector antibacterial function of macrophages with respect to staphylococci. At the same time it was shown that rTNF-alpha and rINF-gamma had a synergistic action on the process of the infection in mice evident from an increase in the pathogen elimination in the host. The use of the combination in the optimal doses increased the bactericidal activity of macrophages in the infected animals.