Subject(s)
Coccidiosis/veterinary , Coccidiostats/adverse effects , Diarrhea/veterinary , Nitriles/adverse effects , Sheep Diseases/chemically induced , Triazines/adverse effects , Animals , Animals, Newborn , Coccidiosis/drug therapy , Diarrhea/chemically induced , Sheep , Sheep Diseases/drug therapyABSTRACT
The preservation of wildlife is of increasing importance in may countries in Africa but, due to hazards of possible transmission of disease from wild to domesticated species, the interests of the conservationist can conflict with those of the livestock owner. Foremost among transmissible diseases common to many species of both wild and domesticated animals is foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). The effects of FMD vaccination on three important wildlife species, African buffalo (Syncerus caffer), eland (Taurotragus oryx) and impala (Aepyceros melampus), are described. The pattern of response in all three species was similar to that of cattle but of a lower order. The implications are discussed and a vaccination protocol is suggested.
Subject(s)
Aphthovirus/immunology , Foot-and-Mouth Disease/prevention & control , Viral Vaccines/immunology , Africa , Animals , Antelopes , BuffaloesABSTRACT
The isolation of Brucella abortus from free living wild africal buffalo (Syncerus caffer) in the Kruger National Park, South Africa, is described. The four isolates testes proved to be biotype I and it is speculated that the origin of brucellosis in wild animals is from domestic stock.
Subject(s)
Brucella abortus/isolation & purification , Buffaloes/microbiology , Placenta/microbiology , Animals , Brucellosis/transmission , Female , South AfricaABSTRACT
Intravenous injection of Cowdria ruminantium infected blood produced no sings of disease in four impala, Aepyceros melampus; three blue wildebeest, Connochaetes taurinus; a buffalo, Syncerus caffer; a kudu, Tragelaphus strepsiceros; a giraffe. Giraffa camelopardalis and a warthog, Phacochoerus aethiopicus. a control sheep injected with the same blood reacted severely and showed typical lesions of heartwater at autopsy.
Subject(s)
Artiodactyla , Buffaloes , Heartwater Disease/etiology , Swine Diseases/etiology , Animals , Fever/veterinary , Sheep , Sheep Diseases/etiology , SwineABSTRACT
Vaccination with Rev 1 at four months of age protected rams against experimental infection with Brucella ovis. A double vaccination did not improve immunity whereas rams vaccinated later in life showed a decreased immunity to the infection. Lesions and complement fixation reactions were found to be inadequate criteria for the diagnosis of the disease in the individual ram.
