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1.
J Hosp Infect ; 116: 29-36, 2021 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34166732

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common and diverse. Even when not severe, UTIs regularly lead to hospitalization, but their hospital burden remains unknown. This study aimed to estimate the national incidence of hospitalized UTIs in France. METHODS: A historic five-year cohort of adult patients hospitalized with UTIs in France was extracted from the medico-administrative databases using an ICD-10 code algorithm built by a multidisciplinary team. The performance parameters were estimated blindly, by reviewing 1122 cases, using medical reports as the gold standard, giving a global predictive positive value of 70.4% (95% confidence interval 66.6-74.1). The national incidence of UTIs was then estimated. RESULTS: A total of 2,083,973 patients with UTIs were hospitalized over the period, giving an adjusted incidence rate of ∼900 cases/100,000 inhabitants, stable over the period, higher in females and increasing with age; 1.2% were device-associated UTIs. Unspecific acute cystitis represented almost two-thirds of cases (63.5%); followed by pyelonephritis (23.6%) and prostatitis (12.4%). More than three-quarters of patients had at least one comorbid condition (76.8%). CONCLUSIONS: This national cohort study is the first to date to estimate the incidence of UTI-related hospitalizations in France. UTIs represent a substantial burden of care. Further analysis will provide data for more informed goal-of-care discussions targeting each type of UTI, their management and outcomes.


Subject(s)
Pyelonephritis , Urinary Tract Infections , Adult , Cohort Studies , Delivery of Health Care , Female , Hospitalization , Humans , Infant , Male , Urinary Tract Infections/epidemiology
2.
J Fr Ophtalmol ; 44(7): 947-956, 2021 Sep.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34148703

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The Ambulatory Clinic for Cataract Surgery (CACC) is a public department of the Bourges Medical Center, with a fast-track protocol without perioperative anesthesia care launched in 2015. This study aimed to evaluate the benefits of the CACC in terms of access to cataract surgery. METHODS: This retrospective study included all patients undergoing cataract surgery between 2012 and 2018. Data were collected from the French PMSI database. In order to evaluate the impact of the CACC, the surgical activity and change in indicators of patient flow and usage, as well as clinical and economic factors were analyzed. RESULTS: Between 2012 and 2018, with the same number of ophthalmologists, surgical activity increased by 50.2% in the Cher (vs. a mean increase of 22.7% in France). The patient loss ratio decreased by 5.9 points, the attraction and self-sufficiency ratios increased by 2.3 and 8.6 points respectively. The standardized rate of healthcare utilization for cataract surgery increased by 4.3 points (from 11.6 to 15.9 surgeries per 1000 inhabitants). As a result, Cher became the second highest French Department in 2018 in terms of utilization rate despite its 96th place out of 109 Departments in terms of density of ophthalmologists. CONCLUSION: The ambulatory cataract surgery center without anesthesia for selected patients might represent a solution in medical deserts to improve access to cataract surgery without increasing costs.


Subject(s)
Anesthesia , Anesthesiology , Cataract Extraction , Cataract , Ambulatory Surgical Procedures , Cataract/epidemiology , Humans , Retrospective Studies
3.
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique ; 68(4): 253-259, 2020 Aug.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32591237

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: To study the cesarean section (c-section) practices in the French Centre-Val de Loire region: incidence of planned c-section and rate variations between maternities, incidence of potentially avoidable cesarean sections. METHODS: The data were extracted from the 2016 regional birth register, which permitted classification of each planned c-section according to the pre-existing risk of c-section (high or low) as defined by the Robson classification. To enhance the data, especially the indications for c-section, which are not included in the register, a survey was conducted from September 2016 to February 2017 in all of the 20 maternities in the region. RESULTS: In 2016, nearly 26,000 women gave birth in the CVL region, of whom 19.2% by c-section (7.0% planned c-sections). The planned c-section rate was higher for breech presentation and scarred uterus, and decreased according to level of the maternity (I 41% - II 35% - III 32%). Concerning the c-section indications, 1,979 c-sections were studied during the period (18.6% of births), including 762 planned c-sections (7.1% of births). Among them, 246 (32%) were potentially avoidable, mainly isolated indications of scarred uterus with only one previous c-section or breech presentation, and 17 due to unfavorable radiologic pelvimetry in nulliparous women. CONCLUSION: Specific actions were identified: targeted use of radiologic pelvimetry, targeted c-section on scarred uterus with only one previous cesarean section or breech presentation, as recommended by the national guidelines. The Robson classification should be widely used to evaluate and enhance practices, in particularly through painstakingly interpreted inter-maternity comparisons.


Subject(s)
Cesarean Section/statistics & numerical data , Elective Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Cesarean Section/adverse effects , Cesarean Section/classification , Elective Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Elective Surgical Procedures/classification , Female , France/epidemiology , Hospitals, Maternity/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Obstetric Labor Complications/epidemiology , Obstetric Labor Complications/surgery , Parturition , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology , Pregnancy Complications/surgery , Pregnancy Outcome/epidemiology , Registries , Young Adult
4.
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique ; 68(3): 155-161, 2020 Jun.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32312484

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The French legal framework in psychiatry for involuntary detention (ID) and seclusion measures was modified in 2011 and 2016, respectively. This study aimed to describe the evolution of ID and seclusion measures in the Centre-Val de Loire region (CVL France) between 2012 and 2017, using the psychiatric hospital discharge database. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted, including adult patients (≥ 18 years old) from CVL hospitalized in psychiatry or included in a care program (outpatient care) between 2012 and 2017. Hospital stays for each patient were identified by an anonymized number. RESULTS: In 2017 in CVL, 13,942 patients were hospitalised for psychiatric reasons, with 2378 in ID (17%), a proportion that has remained stable since 2012. Among them, 3% were in care due to imminent danger (+ 54% since 2013, stabilisation since 2016), and 11% were hospitalized following a third party request (-13%). However, regarding location results varied from one department to the next. Seclusion measures involved 10% of full-time patients (stable), 27% of ID patients and 3% of those under voluntary care (stable). One quarter of the secluded patients were in voluntary care. Mean seclusion duration was 12 days, consecutive or not, and somewhat less for patients in voluntary care alone (10 days). CONCLUSION: The region wide ID rate and average duration of seclusion were lower than the nationwide rate (24% in full-time ID in 2015; 15 days of seclusion/patient), whereas the number of imminent danger procedures increased, as did the persistence of seclusion measures for patients in voluntary care (recommended only as a last resort and/or for ID patients). These results should lead to renewed assessment of care center practices. The French psychiatric hospital discharge database has several limitations, including lack of financial incentive and highly complex structuration. However, since 2018 new data regarding seclusion and restraint measures have been added to the existing registry, and they should facilitate more accurate analyses, particularly as concerns restraint.


Subject(s)
Hospitals, Psychiatric/statistics & numerical data , Involuntary Commitment , Involuntary Treatment, Psychiatric/statistics & numerical data , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Mental Disorders/therapy , Patient Isolation/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , France/epidemiology , History, 21st Century , Hospitalization/legislation & jurisprudence , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Involuntary Commitment/legislation & jurisprudence , Involuntary Treatment, Psychiatric/legislation & jurisprudence , Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data , Male , Mental Disorders/psychology , Middle Aged , Patient Isolation/legislation & jurisprudence , Patient Isolation/psychology , Restraint, Physical/legislation & jurisprudence , Restraint, Physical/psychology , Restraint, Physical/statistics & numerical data , Young Adult
5.
PLoS One ; 14(10): e0223857, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31652280

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: We assessed the determinants of mortality in infective endocarditis (IE), using the national hospital discharge databases (HDD) in 2011. METHODS: IE stays were extracted from the national HDD, with a definition based on IE-related diagnosis codes. This definition has been assessed according to Duke criteria by checking a sample of medical charts of IE giving a predictive positive value of 86.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 82.7% - 89.5%). The impact of heart valve surgery on survival has been studied if performed during the initial stay, and over the year of follow-up. Risk factors of in-hospital mortality were identified using logistic regression model for the initial stay and Cox Time-dependent model for the 1-year mortality. RESULTS: The analysis included 6,235 patients. The annual incidence of definite IEs was 63 cases/million residents. Staphylococci and Streptococci were the most common bacteria (44% and 45%, respectively). A valvular surgery was performed in 20% of cases, but substantial variations existed between hospitals. The in-hospital mortality was 21% (ranging 12% to 27% according to the region of patients), associated with age>70, chronic liver disease, renal failure, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa or candida infection and strokes whereas valvular surgery, a native valve IE or intraveinous drug use (right heart IE) were significantly protective for an initial death. The same factors were associated with the one-year mortality, except for valvular surgery which was associated with a 1.4-fold higher risk of death during the year post IE. CONCLUSION: We reported a high IE incidence rate. Valvular surgery was considerably less frequent in this study than in the previous published data (near 50%) whereas mortality was similar. Surgery was associated with higher survival if undergone within the initial stay. There were significant regional differences in frequency of surgery but it did not impact mortality.


Subject(s)
Endocarditis/microbiology , Heart Valves/surgery , Patient Discharge/statistics & numerical data , Staphylococcal Infections/mortality , Streptococcal Infections/mortality , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Endocarditis/mortality , Female , France/epidemiology , Heart Valves/microbiology , Hospital Mortality , Humans , Incidence , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Length of Stay , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Mortality , Retrospective Studies , Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology , Streptococcal Infections/epidemiology
6.
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique ; 67(3): 149-154, 2019 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30833042

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: In France, the most severe bone and joint infections (BJI), called "complex" (CBJI), are assessed in a multidisciplinary team meeting (MTM) in a reference center. However, the definition of CBJI, drawn up by the Health Ministry, is not consensual between physicians. The objective was to estimate the agreement for CBJI classification. METHODS: Initially, five experts from one MTM classified twice, one-month apart, 24 cases as non-BJI, simple BJI or CBJI, using the complete medical record. Secondly, six MTMs classified the same cases using standardized information. Agreements were estimated using Fleiss and Cohen kappa (κ) coefficients. RESULTS: Inter-expert agreement during one MTM was moderate (κ=0.49), and fair (κ=0.23) when the four non-BJIs were excluded. Intra-expert agreement was moderate (κ=0.50, range 0.27-0.90), not improved with experience. The overall inter-MTM agreement was moderate (κ=0.58), it was better between MTMs with professor (κ=0.65) than without (κ=0.51) and with longer median time per case (κ=0.60) than shorter (κ=0.47). When the four non-BJIs were excluded, the overall agreement decreased (κ=0.40). CONCLUSION: The first step confirmed the heterogeneity of CBJI classification between experts. The seemingly better inter-MTM than inter-expert agreement could be an argument in favour of MTMs, which are moreover a privileged place to enhance expertise. Further studies are needed to assess these results as well as the quality of care and medico-economic outcomes after a MTM.


Subject(s)
Arthritis, Infectious/therapy , Bone Diseases, Infectious/therapy , Interdisciplinary Communication , Patient Care Team/organization & administration , Adult , Aged , Arthritis, Infectious/epidemiology , Bone Diseases, Infectious/epidemiology , Cooperative Behavior , Female , France/epidemiology , Group Processes , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Patient Care Team/standards
7.
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique ; 66(3): 209-216, 2018 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29685699

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To assess the reliability and low cost of a computerized interventional cardiology (IC) registry to prospectively and systematically collect high-quality data for all consecutive coronary patients referred for coronary angiogram or/and coronary angioplasty. BACKGROUND: Rigorous clinical practice assessment is a key factor to improve prognosis in IC. A prospective and permanent registry could achieve this goal but, presumably, at high cost and low level of data quality. One multicentric IC registry (CRAC registry), fully integrated to usual coronary activity report software, started in the centre Val-de-Loire (CVL) French region in 2014. METHODS: Quality assessment of CRAC registry was conducted on five IC CathLab of the CVL region, from January 1st to December 31st 2014. Quality of collected data was evaluated by measuring procedure exhaustivity (comparing with data from hospital information system), data completeness (quality controls) and data consistency (by checking complete medical charts as gold standard). Cost per procedure (global registry operating cost/number of collected procedures) was also estimated. RESULTS: CRAC model provided a high-quality level with 98.2% procedure completeness, 99.6% data completeness and 89% data consistency. The operating cost per procedure was €14.70 ($16.51) for data collection and quality control, including ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) preadmission information and one-year follow-up after angioplasty. CONCLUSIONS: This integrated computerized IC registry led to the construction of an exhaustive, reliable and costless database, including all coronary patients entering in participating IC centers in the CVL region. This solution will be developed in other French regions, setting up a national IC database for coronary patients in 2020: France PCI.


Subject(s)
Cardiac Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Databases, Factual , Medical Records Systems, Computerized/economics , Medical Records Systems, Computerized/standards , Registries , Adolescent , Adult , Aftercare/economics , Aftercare/statistics & numerical data , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/economics , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/methods , Cohort Studies , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Data Accuracy , Databases, Factual/economics , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Postoperative Complications/economics , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Reproducibility of Results , Young Adult
8.
Med Mal Infect ; 48(4): 256-262, 2018 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29526340

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: French reference centers for bone and joint infections (BJI) were implemented from 2009 onwards to improve the management of complex BJIs. This study compared BJI burden before and after the implementation of these reference centers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: BJI hospital stays were selected from the 2008 and 2013 national hospital discharge database using a validated algorithm, adding the new complex BJI code created in 2011. Epidemiology and economic burden were assessed. RESULTS: BJI prevalence increased in 2013 (70 vs. 54/100,000 in 2008). Characteristics of BJI remained similar between 2008 and 2013: septic arthritis (50%), increasing prevalence with age and sex, case fatality 5%, mean length of stay 17.5 days, rehospitalization 20%. However, device-associated BJIs increased (34 vs. 26%) as well as costs (€421 million vs. €259 in 2008). Similar device-associated BJI characteristics between 2008 and 2013 were: septic arthritis (70%), case fatality (3%), but with more hospitalizations in reference centers (34 vs. 30%) and a higher cost per stay. Among the 7% of coded complex BJIs, the mean length of stay was 22.2 days and mean cost was €11,960. CONCLUSIONS: BJI prevalence highly increased in France. Complex BJI prevalence assessment is complicated by the absence of clinical consensus and probable undercoding. A validation of clinical case definition of complex BJI is required.


Subject(s)
Arthritis, Infectious/epidemiology , Arthritis, Infectious/prevention & control , Discitis/epidemiology , Discitis/prevention & control , Hospitals , Osteomyelitis/epidemiology , Osteomyelitis/prevention & control , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cost of Illness , Female , France/epidemiology , Hospitalization , Hospitals/standards , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Time Factors , Young Adult
9.
Acta Paediatr ; 107(7): 1270-1275, 2018 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28477437

ABSTRACT

AIM: Published studies have suggested that two to five days of intravenous treatment could effectively treat paediatric bone and joint infections (PBJI), allowing a faster discharge. This study analysed the factors associated with PBJI hospital stays lasting longer than five days using the French National Hospital Discharge Database. METHODS: We selected children under 15 years hospitalised in 2013 with haematogenous PBJIs using a validated French algorithm based on specific diagnosis and surgical procedure codes. Risk factors for stays of more than five days were analysed using logistic regression. RESULTS: In 2013, 2717 children were hospitalised for PBJI, with 49% staying more than five days. The overall incidence of 22 per 100 000, was highest in males and toddlers. The main causes were septic arthritis (50%) and osteomyelitis (46%) and 50% of the pathogens were Staphylococci. The odd ratios for stays of five days or more were infancy, coded bacteria and sickle cell disease (7.0), having spondylodiscitis rather than septic arthritis (2.2) and being hospitalised in a general hospital rather than a teaching hospital (1.6). CONCLUSION: Half of the hospital stays exceeded five days, despite scientific evidence supporting a shorter intravenous antibiotherapy regimen. Greater knowledge and widespread use of short treatment regimens are needed.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Arthritis, Infectious/epidemiology , Bone Diseases, Infectious/epidemiology , Length of Stay , Administration, Intravenous , Adolescent , Arthritis, Infectious/drug therapy , Arthritis, Infectious/microbiology , Arthritis, Infectious/surgery , Bone Diseases, Infectious/drug therapy , Bone Diseases, Infectious/microbiology , Bone Diseases, Infectious/surgery , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , France/epidemiology , Humans , Infant , Male
10.
Epidemiol Infect ; 145(13): 2766-2769, 2017 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28516828

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to determine how clinicians make use of the modern multiplex PCR assays (MPAs) to manage patients hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). We studied the use of MPAs in 1648 patients hospitalized for CAP over a 3-year period at the moment of the setup of the new PCR assay. We observed that the use of MPAs for the identification of multiple respiratory pathogens marks a radical change in the investigation of CAP etiology. Surprisingly, the contribution of MPAs to the medical decision-making process varies drastically according to the units of care.


Subject(s)
Clinical Decision-Making/methods , Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction , Pneumonia/therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Community-Acquired Infections/diagnosis , Community-Acquired Infections/etiology , Community-Acquired Infections/therapy , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , France , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pneumonia/diagnosis , Pneumonia/etiology , Retrospective Studies , Young Adult
11.
J Hosp Infect ; 92(2): 140-6, 2016 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26679729

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Surgical site infection surveillance (SSI) is important for the improvement of care and patient safety. Most SSI surveillance systems focus on hospital settings, whereas numerous infectious events occur after discharge. AIM: To evaluate the patient care trajectory after discharge, we linked the hospital discharge database and the National Health Insurance Cross-Schemes Information System (NHI-CIS) to trace hip or knee arthroplasty infection (HKAI). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed using the permanent 1/97th sample of the whole NHI-CIS database. A total of 1739 patients underwent hip or knee arthroplasty between January 1st, 2011 and December 31st, 2011. Patients rehospitalized for HKAI were detected using a specific published algorithm. Non-rehospitalized HKAI patients were identified using a novel tracking algorithm based on ambulatory care consumption: nurse intervention, antibiotics and bandage purchase. FINDINGS: Of the 1739 studied patients, 20 patients (1.1%) were rehospitalized for HKAI. Fourteen (70%) of the HKAI events occurred within the first two months after surgery, two occurring during the patients' surgical hospital stay. Using ambulatory care data, 10 additional cases were suspected of developing HKAI in the year following their surgery. HKAI incidence rate was then estimated to be 1.76% (95% confidence interval: 1.14-2.38%). CONCLUSION: Although the study sample was limited, we demonstrated that each HKAI occurring after discharge could not be traced by the in-hospital information system alone. This result emphasizes the need for having a passive routine tool for post-discharge surveillance such as the NHI-CIS database.


Subject(s)
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/adverse effects , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects , Epidemiological Monitoring , Surgical Wound Infection/epidemiology , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Insurance, Health/statistics & numerical data , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies
12.
Med Mal Infect ; 45(6): 222-8, 2015 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26026227

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The prevention of sanitary risks related to traveling in the tropics implies delivering a large amount of information to travelers. The objective of our study was to assess the knowledge acquired by travelers during a pre-travel consultation. METHODS: A before and after study was conducted among 202 travelers having consulted at the Tours international vaccine center. We used self-administrated questionnaires (score out of 100 marks) concerning diet, hygiene, anti-vectorial prevention (AVP), and sexual-transmitted infections (STI). The scores obtained before and after consultation were compared globally and for each topic. RESULTS: The travelers' global knowledge had improved after consultation (66.1 vs. 75.5%; P < 0.0001) as well as for each topic. The most important improvement concerned hygiene (+12.5%; P < 0.0001) and the lowest concerned STI (+5.8%; P < 0.0001). The multivariate analysis revealed that not having searched for information before consulting was the main factor associated with global knowledge improvement (P < 0.0001) (unplanned professional traveling compared to humanitarian mission prepared ahead of departure time). The recommendations for diet were less well acquired in travelers > 50 years of age than in those < 30 years of age (P < 0.002). CONCLUSION: A specialized pre-travel consultation improves the travelers' knowledge for the main prevention measures but does not allow them to acquire all required knowledge. Taking into account the travelers' initial knowledge and their ability to learn could improve the impact of the pre-travel consultation.


Subject(s)
Counseling , Health Education , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Infection Control , Travel , Tropical Medicine/education , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Animals , Commerce , Diet , Disease Vectors , Female , France , Health Literacy , Humans , Hygiene , Information Seeking Behavior , Male , Medical Missions , Middle Aged , Risk , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/epidemiology , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/prevention & control , Students/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young Adult
13.
Med Mal Infect ; 45(6): 207-14, 2015 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25982343

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The 2010-2014 HIV/AIDS French program recommends using HIV rapid diagnostic tests in family practice. Our aim was to assess the acceptability and feasibility of the RDT in family practice in France. METHODS: The first part of this study was to determine the opinions of family practitioners (FPs) concerning the news guidelines for screening and the possible use of rapid HIV tests in their practice. The second part was a feasibility study of the actual use of rapid HIV tests given to FPs during six months. The third part was a qualitative analysis of experience feedback to determine the impediments to using rapid HIV tests. RESULTS: Seventy-seven percent of the 352 FPs interviewed were favorable to rapid HIV tests use. The three main impediments were: misinterpretation of test result, complexity of quality control, and lack of training: 23 of the 112 FPs having volunteered to evaluate the rapid HIV tests followed the required training session. Sixty-nine tests were handed out, and three rapid HIV tests were used; the qualitative study involved 12 FPs. The participants all agreed on the difficult use of rapid HIV tests in daily practice. The main reasons were: too few opportunities or requests for use, complex handling, difficulties in proposing the test, fear of having to announce seropositivity, significantly longer consultation. CONCLUSION: Although FPs are generally favorable to rapid HIV tests use in daily practice, the feasibility and contribution of rapid HIV tests are limited in family practice.


Subject(s)
AIDS Serodiagnosis/methods , Family Practice/methods , HIV Infections/diagnosis , Physicians, Family/psychology , AIDS Serodiagnosis/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Attitude of Health Personnel , Feasibility Studies , Female , France/epidemiology , HIV Antibodies/blood , HIV Infections/epidemiology , HIV-1/immunology , HIV-2/immunology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , Physician-Patient Relations , Practice Patterns, Physicians' , Prospective Studies , Quality Assurance, Health Care , Sampling Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Surveys and Questionnaires , Time Factors
14.
J Hosp Infect ; 89(2): 90-8, 2015 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25592725

ABSTRACT

Since the US National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System was implemented in the 1970s, several countries have developed their own surveillance systems, all including surgical site infection (SSI) as a major target. However, the performance of such systems needs to be evaluated further in terms of data quality and cost-effectiveness. The current article presents a literature overview of the main strategies used for SSI surveillance worldwide, focusing on hip and knee arthroplasty infections, and discusses new issues for further development of surveillance databases.


Subject(s)
Databases, Factual , Prosthesis-Related Infections/epidemiology , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/adverse effects , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/statistics & numerical data , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/statistics & numerical data , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Hospitals/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Population Surveillance , Prosthesis-Related Infections/prevention & control
15.
Med Mal Infect ; 44(9): 423-8, 2014 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25234379

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: We had for objective to study HIV management (hospital, ambulatory, and mixed) and assess compliance with health insurance database. METHOD: We conducted a retrospective study using the French Social Security (CPAM) database. The inclusion criteria were: age>18years of age, at least 2 prescriptions of antiretroviral therapy. RESULTS: Five hundred and seventy-five patients were included: extra-hospital (12), hospital (162), mixed (401). The prescriptions were exclusively hospital issued for 76.2% of the patients. Among the mixed group patients, 91% of treatments were delivered at least once in the community, and 45.6% of biological tests were performed in private laboratories at least once. The sex ratio (2.1 vs. 1.3), the number of patients having switched antiretroviral therapy (36.7% vs. 27.8%), and the frequency of biological tests (3.1 vs. 2.6) were significantly higher in the mixed group compared to the hospital group. The mean compliance was 90% in the hospital group and 91.8% in the mixed group. The compliance was<80% for 104 patients (21.8%). Patients with≥80% compliance were older (46.1years of age vs. 42.7years of age), with more frequent biological tests (3 per year vs. 2.5 per year), and more frequent switches in treatment (35.4% vs. 26.0%). CONCLUSION: Prescriptions of ARV were almost exclusively hospital issued. Their dispensation and biological tests were split between hospital and extra-hospital settings. Most patients demonstrated an optimal compliance. The CPAM database allows describing HIV management and assessing compliance.


Subject(s)
Ambulatory Care , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV , Hospitalization , Insurance, Health/statistics & numerical data , Medication Adherence/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , Disease Management , Female , France/epidemiology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies
16.
Acta Paediatr ; 102(3): e120-5, 2013 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23205841

ABSTRACT

AIM: Little is known about bone and joint infections (BJIs) in children, despite the risk of growth disturbance. This study examined BJIs epidemiology using the French National Hospital Discharge Database (HD). METHODS: Any child <15 years hospitalized with an HD diagnosis of BJI, alone or in combination with sepsis or orthopaedic procedure, was included. The majority of BJIs (96%) were haematogenic infections. We conducted descriptive analyses to evaluate epidemiological and economic outcomes of paediatric haematogenic BJIs. RESULTS: There were 2592 paediatric patients with 2911 BJI hospitalizations and an overall incidence of 22 per 100 000. BJIs occurred more frequently in boys than girls (24 vs 19 per 100 000) and in toddlers. Septic arthritis (52%) and osteomyelitis (44%) were the most frequent infections, 16.6% of patients had a micro-organism coded (61% were Staphylococci) and 13% of had comorbidities. The mean hospital stay was 8.6 days, costing approximately €5200 per BJI stay. CONCLUSION: This national study of paediatric BJIs in France showed a higher prevalence in toddlers and boys and demonstrated that the HD database can be used to study BJIs. However, the number of BJI cases was maybe overestimated by coding reactive arthritis as septic arthritis in the absence of bacterial evidence.


Subject(s)
Bone Diseases, Infectious/epidemiology , Joint Diseases/epidemiology , Joint Diseases/microbiology , Adolescent , Bone Diseases, Infectious/microbiology , Bone Diseases, Infectious/therapy , Child , Child, Preschool , Cost of Illness , Databases, Factual , Female , France/epidemiology , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Incidence , Infant , Joint Diseases/therapy , Male , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors
17.
J Hosp Infect ; 82(1): 40-8, 2012 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22738613

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Adult bone and joint infections (BJIs) often require repeated and prolonged hospitalizations and are considered as a serious public health issue. AIM: To describe the epidemiology and economical outcomes of BJI in France. METHODS: BJI hospitalizations with selected demographic, medical, and economic parameters from the French national hospital database for the year 2008 were identified. Overall patient characteristics and hospital stays for BJI underwent univariate analysis. Risk factors for device-associated infections were identified using multiple logistic regression modelling. FINDINGS: Of all hospitalizations in France, 0.2% were BJI-related, representing 54.6 cases per 100,000 population, with a higher prevalence in males (sex ratio: 1.54). BJIs were more often native (68%) than device-associated (32%). The mean age was 63.1 years. Only 39% of hospital discharges had microbiological information coded; Staphylococcus spp. were isolated in 66% of those cases. Obesity, Staphylococcus spp., male sex and age >64 years were important risk factors for device-associated infections, whereas diabetes and ulcer sores were significantly associated with native infections. The case fatality was 4.6%. Intensive care unit stays were needed in 6% of cases. Readmissions to hospital occurred in 19% of cases, with significantly longer stays for device-associated infections than for native BJIs (18.9 vs 16.8 days). The cost of BJIs was €259 million, or about €7,000 per hospitalization in 2008. CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest BJI study to date. The high economic burden of BJIs was mostly associated with more frequent and prolonged hospitalizations, high morbidity, and complexity of care.


Subject(s)
Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Osteoarthritis/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , France/epidemiology , Health Care Costs/statistics & numerical data , Hospitalization/economics , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Osteoarthritis/drug therapy , Osteoarthritis/economics , Osteoarthritis/mortality , Survival Analysis , Treatment Outcome , Young Adult
18.
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique ; 60(1): 1-8, 2012 Feb.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22245493

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a significant cause of morbidity-mortality: leading agent of community-acquired pneumonia and the first cause of death due to infectious diseases in France. Vaccines are available for children and adults, avoiding serious complications. We studied hospitalizations for pneumococcal pneumonia in Centre region in 2004-2008, using the 2004-2008 national hospital discharges database and assessed vaccine coverage of a sample population. METHODS: Hospital discharges with diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia were selected, using the corresponding code (J13) in the French Diagnosis-Related Group coding system. We analysed hospitalization and patient data using linkage of the inpatient stays with their anonymous identification number. We analysed hospitalization and patient data: number and length of stay/patient, co-morbid factors and pneumococcal immunisation status. RESULTS: One thousand five hundred and forty-one hospitalisations were found for pneumococcal pneumonia in Centre Region, in 2004-2008. The time pattern showed an annual increase in hospital stays: winter hospitalisations were most frequent. The median age was 58 years, range: 2 months-106 years. The sex ratio M/F of the 1417 distinct inpatients was 1.43. The hospital impact was substantial, with prolonged length of stay (mean=9.9 days), frequent stays in intensive care unit (20%) and high death rate (6%). The vaccine coverage of the population with pneumococcal pneumonia was only 23%. CONCLUSION: Using the national hospital discharges database, this study presents a snapshot of pneumococcal pneumonia in one French region and demonstrates the local major clinical impact, as found in France. It shows that the hospital discharge database is a potential tool for epidemiology despite its possible bias. This type of study could be useful for organizing a regional vaccination campaing due to the better knowledge of the disease.


Subject(s)
Patient Discharge/statistics & numerical data , Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/epidemiology , Streptococcus pneumoniae , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Community-Acquired Infections/epidemiology , Female , France/epidemiology , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Pneumococcal Vaccines , Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/complications , Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/prevention & control , Vaccination/statistics & numerical data , Young Adult
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