[The diabetic foot. The Croatian model--national consensus (clinical recommendations for diagnosis, prevention and therapy)]. / Dijabeticko stopalo. Hrvatski model--nacionalno usuglaseno misljenje (klinicke preporuke za dijagnostiku, prevenciju i lijecenje).

Diabetic foot occurs due to the loss of protective sense and circulation disorder and a marked proneness to infections. Mechanical stress of bone growths frequently leads to ulcerations. The prevention and timely treatment of diabetic foot requires the participation of both patients and all health care levels. This consensus is given for the purpose of procedure standardization. Education is the basis of prevention and should be carried out with every patient suffering from diabetes mellitus and those with a sensory defect in particular. Appropriate footwear significantly contributes to prevention and treatment of ulcers. As regards the treatment, the necessity of surgical approach with a long term and often manifold antibiotic therapy should be pointed out. Infections are usually mixed. The deeper the ulceration, the more likely the infection with anaerobes and Gram-negative bacteria occurs in addition to Gram-positive ones which are normally present in surface lesions. Strict metabolic control is a precondition for successful treatment. In conclusion, diabetic foot is a major health problem which requires multidisciplinary approach with permanent patient education as its essential part, and a specific cooperation of all levels and different health care specialties.

[Changes in the lumbar vertebrae in patients with diabetes]. / Promjene na slabinskom dijelu kraljesnice u bolesnika sa secernom bolescu.

Lumbar spine changes were studied in two groups of subjects. Group 1 included 35 diabetic patients, and Group 2 35 non-diabetic patients. Lumbar spine frequency of changes, distribution of subjects and frequency of changes according to age and sex were studied in both groups. The second part of the study was done in group 1 (diabetic patients). We've studied possible connection of lumbar spine changes with duration, sort of therapy and regulation of diabetes. Investigation results are shown on two graphs and seven tables and they show the frequent beginning of changes among elder subjects in both groups and more frequent beginning of the same changes among diabetic subjects treated by insulin which lasted for a longer time and basic disease was not well regulated.

[Degenerative changes in the sacroiliac joint in persons with amputations of the thigh and biomechanical disorders of gait]. / Degenerativne promjene sakroilijakalnih zglobova u osoba sa amputiranim natkoljenicama i poremecenom biomehanikom hoda.

In order to evaluate degenerative changes with amputated persons' sacroiliacal joints--upper leg amputations, 20 male subjects aging 31-57 years and a control group of 56 subjects with no amputation were tested. Changes evaluation was confirmed by a radiologic and scintigraphic result. Changes were observed after amputation-0 level 6 months' walk with an artificial limb. There was a comparison to a control group-56 subjects with no amputation. After evaluating degenerative changes of lumbocoxal triangle it could be concluded that the amputation and the time of amputation were a relevant factor in the beginning of degenerative changes. 6-12 months after the amputation, sacroiliacal joint's degenerative changes on ipsylateral side begin using an adequate orthopedic expedient-an artificial limb used permanently, degenerative changes can be held up at reversibility level or stagnation. Using an adequate physical therapy and an orthopedic expedient by an early discovery of degenerative changes their progress can be prevented.