ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Colonoscopy is usually performed with the one-handed technique (1HT), although several countries and operators still adopt the two-handed technique (2HT). It is still uncertain whether the 1HT can improve the quality outcomes of colonoscopy. We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis to explore the quality outcomes in patients undergoing 1HT or 2HT colonoscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis to compare the pooled rates of adenoma detection rate (ADR), cecal intubation rate (CIR), cecal intubation time (CIT), and withdrawal time (WT), in patients undergoing 1HT or 2HT colonoscopy via PubMed/EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane databases. The primary outcome was the pooled rate of ADR and CIR. CIT and WT were also assessed. Pooled odds ratio (OR), standard mean differences (SMD), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using fixed or random-effect models. RESULTS: Five studies (15,763 patients) met the inclusion criteria. The pooled ADR was not significantly different between the two techniques (OR 1.10; 95% CI 0.88-1.39; p=0.16), and CIR was not significantly different in 1HT from 2HT (OR 0.757; 95% CI 0.55-1.02; p=0.07), with no significant heterogeneity. Furthermore, no significant differences were seen for CIT (SMD 0.95; p=0.62) and WT (SMD 0.58; p=0.74). CONCLUSIONS: The 1HT colonoscopy does not add relevant improvement in the quality and efficacy of colonoscopy.
Subject(s)
Adenoma/diagnosis , Colonic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adenoma/therapy , Colonic Neoplasms/therapy , Colonoscopy , Databases, Factual , Humans , Intubation , Odds RatioABSTRACT
AIMS: To isolate and characterize phosphate-solubilizing strains from a constrained environment such as the Salado River Basin and to assess their phosphate-solubilizing mechanisms, to further selection of the most promising strains to inoculate and improve the implantation and persistence of Lotus tenuis in the most important area devoted to meat-cow production in Argentina. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fifty isolates were obtained and through BOX-PCR analysis, 17 non-redundant strains were identified. Subsequently, they were found to be related to Pantoea, Erwinia, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium and Enterobacter genera, via 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. This was in agreement with the clusters obtained by antibiotic resistance analysis. All isolates were tested for their phosphate-solubilizing activity and selected strains were inoculated onto L. tenuis plants. The most efficient isolate, was identified as Pantoea eucalypti, a novel species in terms of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. CONCLUSIONS: The isolates obtained in this study showed a significant in vitro plant-growth promoting activity onto Lotus tenuis and the best of them solubilizes phosphate mainly via induction of the metabolism through secretion and oxidation of gluconic acid. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The use of these bacteria as bioinoculants, alone or in combination with nitrogen-fixing micro-organisms, could be a sustainable practice to facilitate the nutrient supply to Lotus tenuis plants and preventing negative side-effects such as eutrophication.
Subject(s)
Lotus/growth & development , Lotus/microbiology , Pantoea/physiology , Phosphates/metabolism , Rhizosphere , Soil Microbiology , Argentina , Carbohydrate Dehydrogenases/metabolism , Enterobacter/genetics , Erwinia/genetics , Eucalyptus/metabolism , Gluconates/metabolism , Glucose Dehydrogenases/metabolism , Oxidation-Reduction , Pantoea/genetics , Pantoea/isolation & purification , Phylogeny , Pseudomonas/genetics , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Rhizobium/genetics , RiversABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: An increase in the incidence of group A beta hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) infections in children has been recently noted with a frequent association with varicella. CASE REPORTS: Two children, 3 and 4.5 years old, developed varicella. The first one was febrile and presented a phlyctene on his left foot. Few hours after his admission, he presented a septic shock; GABHS was isolated from blood. Despite immediate adapted antibiotherapy, he developed a right tibial osteomyelitis with abscess. The second child also developed varicella and was hospitalized because of fever, bad general condition, right cervical adenitis and edema on the left wrist. Edema rapidly extended to the hand and upper arm. One purulent lesion was noted on the upper arm from whom Staphylococcus aureus and GABHS were isolated. Blood samples were sterile. The clinical course was favorable with adapted antibiotherapy. A cutaneous desquamation was observed on the 9th day and we concluded that it was a GABHS cellulitis. CONCLUSION: These two cases confirm the recent report of increase in GABHS infections associated with varicella. Such complications must be looked for in patients with varicella remaining abnormally febrile and/or presenting unusual manifestations.
Subject(s)
Chickenpox/complications , Streptococcal Infections/complications , Streptococcus pyogenes , Child, Preschool , Humans , Male , Streptococcal Infections/diagnosisABSTRACT
We studied alpha-amylase production by Bacillus subtilis strain NRRL 3411, the effect of heat shock, concentration and nature of the growth factors, carbon and nitrogen source. We also considered the stability of the cell-free enzymatic culture by using spores heat shocked at 100 degrees C for 10 minutes in media containing lactose, casein, yeast extract and minerals. We achieved a final value of 1400 units of alpha-amylase after 72 h of process. It was also found that by adding 20% glycerol and 1% sodium benzoate, cultures were stable at 20 degrees C for 30 days.
Subject(s)
Bacillus subtilis/enzymology , Bacterial Proteins/isolation & purification , alpha-Amylases/isolation & purification , Bacillus subtilis/drug effects , Bacterial Proteins/biosynthesis , Carbon/metabolism , Culture Media/pharmacology , Enzyme Induction , Hot Temperature , Nitrogen/metabolism , Spores, Bacterial , alpha-Amylases/biosynthesisABSTRACT
We studied alpha-amylase production by Bacillus subtilis strain NRRL 3411, the effect of heat shock, concentration and nature of the growth factors, carbon and nitrogen source. We also considered the stability of the cell-free enzymatic culture by using spores heat shocked at 100 degrees C for 10 minutes in media containing lactose, casein, yeast extract and minerals. We achieved a final value of 1400 units of alpha-amylase after 72 h of process. It was also found that by adding 20
glycerol and 1
sodium benzoate, cultures were stable at 20 degrees C for 30 days.
