ABSTRACT
Background: In Chile, patients with hereditary angioedema (HAE) type I and type II are protected under Ley Ricarte Soto (LRS), which guarantees access to on demand plasma-derived C1-INH (pdC1-INH) since 2018. We aimed to analyze the first 3 years of LRS. Methods: Review of the LRS database between 2018 and 2021. Results: During the study period, 154 patients were covered by LRS, with an estimated prevalence of HAE in Chile at 0.8:100,000 inhabitants. A delay in diagnosis of 22 years was noted, 50 patients received epinephrine during an attack before the diagnosis of HAE. Mean number of attacks per year was 8, with 50% of adults and 42% of children experiencing more than 1 attack per month. Conclusion: Disease awareness must improve to reduce the diagnostic delay of HAE. Long-term prophylactic medications should be included in LRS to treat patients with high attack rates and control the costs of frequent on-demand treatment with pdC1-INH.
Subject(s)
Angioedemas, Hereditary , Adult , Child , Humans , Angioedemas, Hereditary/diagnosis , Angioedemas, Hereditary/drug therapy , Angioedemas, Hereditary/epidemiology , Chile/epidemiology , Delayed Diagnosis , Treatment Outcome , PlasmaABSTRACT
Background: Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC) has a prevalence of 30% in industrialized countries. For an accurate diagnosis and treatment, it is crucial to identify the causative aeroallergen. Aim: To evaluate aeroallergen sensitization in adults with ARC in the city of Temuco, Chile. Patients and Methods: A skin test against the main aeroallergens present in Temuco was carried out in patients aged 15 to 64 years with ARC diagnosed by medical examination and the Score For Allergic Rhinitis. Results: At least one aeroallergen sensitization was present in 234 (62.4%) out of 375 patients. Pollen-sensitized patients were positive mainly for Grasses (44.4%), Plantago (27.8%), Cynodon (26.1%), Sorrel (23.5%), Birch (14.9%), Nothofagus obliqua (13.3%) and Alder (11.1%). Dust mites were the most common non-pollinic sensitizing aeroallergens, including Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (70.1%) and Dermatophagoides farinae (62.8%). Conclusions: According to our results, skin tests in the city of Temuco should include at least dust mites, pollens of Grasses, Plantago, Cynodon, Sorrel, Birch, Nothofagus obliqua and Alder, because these allergens account for 93% of ARC cases in this city.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/etiology , Skin Tests/methods , Allergens/classification , Rhinitis, Allergic/etiology , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/diagnosis , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/epidemiology , Chile/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sensitivity and Specificity , Rhinitis, Allergic/diagnosis , Rhinitis, Allergic/epidemiologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC) has a prevalence of 30% in industrialized countries. For an accurate diagnosis and treatment, it is crucial to identify the causative aeroallergen. AIM: To evaluate aeroallergen sensitization in adults with ARC in the city of Temuco, Chile. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A skin test against the main aeroallergens present in Temuco was carried out in patients aged 15 to 64 years with ARC diagnosed by medical examination and the Score For Allergic Rhinitis. RESULTS: At least one aeroallergen sensitization was present in 234 (62.4%) out of 375 patients. Pollen-sensitized patients were positive mainly for Grasses (44.4%), Plantago (27.8%), Cynodon (26.1%), Sorrel (23.5%), Birch (14.9%), Nothofagus obliqua (13.3%) and Alder (11.1%). Dust mites were the most common non-pollinic sensitizing aeroallergens, including Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (70.1%) and Dermatophagoides farinae (62.8%). CONCLUSIONS: According to our results, skin tests in the city of Temuco should include at least dust mites, pollens of Grasses, Plantago, Cynodon, Sorrel, Birch, Nothofagus obliqua and Alder, because these allergens account for 93% of ARC cases in this city.
Subject(s)
Allergens , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/etiology , Rhinitis, Allergic/etiology , Skin Tests/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Allergens/classification , Chile/epidemiology , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/diagnosis , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Rhinitis, Allergic/diagnosis , Rhinitis, Allergic/epidemiology , Sensitivity and Specificity , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young AdultABSTRACT
En el presente siglo, la mujer debe ser considerada por su propio valor. En medicina cobra gran importancia los derechos de los pacientes y su autonomía en la toma de decisiones. Se hace evidente conocer las perspectivas de nuestras usuarias en cuanto al perfil profesional que quisieran tener como tratante. Se aplicó durante un mes del año 2001, una encuesta a 104 pacientes que consultaron por primera vez en la atención ambulatorio de maternidad del Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile. Se evaluaron factores de la relación médico-paciente: edad, sexo, presentación personal, empatía, puntualidad, capacidad de escuchar, de hacerse entender y seguridad del médico. Los resultados muestran que el 56 por ciento considera trascendente la edad del médico tratante: el 77 por ciento prefiere edades entre 40 y 50 años; el 41 por ciento considera importante la universidad de formación, y al 83 por ciento le importa la presentación personal del médico. Respecto a los atributos técnicos, el 96 por ciento valoró como muy importante la capacidad del médico para escucharla y explicarle claramente la enfermedad-tratamiento y la seguridad que expresa. Características ideales: 1° seguridad, 2° capacidad de explicar, 3° capacidad de escuchar y 4° empatía. Lo anterior permite concluir que nuestros usuarios priorizan cualidades humanas en la interacción médico-paciente por sobre características técnicas. Esto representa desafíos a nivel de la formación de nuevos profesionales de la salud, la planta médica y de la autoridad administrativa, sugiriendo la definición de estándares de atención desde la presentación personal de los miembros del equipo de salud hasta la educación e información del paciente.
