[Injuries of the heart]. / Raneniia serdtsa.

The authors had 53 patients with heart injuries under observation; 52 patients were operated on for vital indications. The heart wound was sutured, the concomitant injuries to other organs were removed, and the pericardial and pleural cavities were drained. Air-tightness of the injured heart muscle was attained in all cases. Seven of the patients who were operated on died. One patient who did not undergo operation died suddenly in complete well-being from acute cardiac tamponade 2 days after injury to the chest inflicted with a pin-like object. The authors emphasize the importance of organizational measures promoting earliest performance of the operation.

[Traumatic injuries and diseases of the diaphragm]. / Travmaticheskie povrezhdeniia i zabolevaniia diafragmy.

The article analyses experience in diagnosing the pathological condition and treating 125 patients with acute injury to the diaphragm (61 patients) and chronic traumatic diaphragmatic hernias (64 patients). The authors indicate the therapeutic and diagnostic means in this pathological emergency due to the acute trauma of the chest and abdomen or incarceration of the abdomen. The diagnostic errors and their consequences are analysed. Operation was conducted on 104 patients. In ruptures of the diaphragm in the zone of the esophageal hiatus the cardia was drawn downwards and fastened under the diaphragm; in cases of fractures of the bony framework of the chest with the formation of fragments, panel fixation of the costal fragments and the sternum was carried out by the authors' methods. The results of the surgical interventions are shown (18 patients--17.4% died) with emphasis on the character of the disorders and the lapse of time from the development of the emergency to the application of therapeutic aid.

[Chronic gastritis in patients following cholecystectomy]. / O khronicheskom gastrite u bol'nykh posle kholetsistéktomii.

A study of 198 patients with chronic gastritis after cholecystectomy revealed that chronic gastritis occurred in 2.6-4.5% of patients with benign diseases of the biliary tract and postcholecystectomy syndrome that were not diagnosed before surgery. Gastric disorders should be considered in the complex of rehabilitation measures after cholecystectomy. Treatment in a gastroenterological department and at health resort will improve long-term results.

[Immunoreactivity of patients with pathology of the liver, gallbladder and biliary tract]. / Immunoreaktivnost' u bol'nykh s patologiei pecheni, zhelchnogo puzyria i zhelchevyvodiashchikh putei.

In a work, the comparative analysis of the state of immunological reactivity in 25 patients with pathology of the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts and in 25 healthy subjects is presented. In patients, T-lymphocytopenia, impaired ratio of subpopulations of the helpers and suppressors, increase in the absorptive and metabolic activity of neutrophilic granulocytes, lysozyme activity of the blood serum, decrease in the immunoglobulin G content are observed.

[The postcholecystectomy syndrome in peptic ulcer]. / Postkholetsistéktomicheskii sindrom pri iazvennoi bolezni.

Results are reported of examination and treatment of 26 patients with gastric and duodenal ulcer which was the cause of postcholecystectomy syndrome and was often not diagnosed before the operation. Roentgenography of the gastrointestinal tract and fibrogastroduodenoscopy helps to establish the diagnosis. Treatment in a gastroenterological clinic and health-resort treatment allow to improve long-term results in this category of patients.

[Chronic pancreatitis in patients with the postcholecystectomy syndrome]. / Khronicheskii pankreatit u bol'nykh s poslekholetsistéktomicheskim sindromom.

The authors report results of examination and treatment of 318 patients with chronic pancreatitis following cholecystectomy. Cholelithiasis is one of the most frequent etiological factors of development of pancreatitis. The incidence of pancreatitis showed a direct proportion to the duration of cholelithiasis before the operation. The treatment of these patients should be complex. Life-long prophylactic management is indicated in patients with pancreatic disorders.

[Temporary occlusion of the bronchi in the treatment of complex suppurative destruction of the lungs]. / Vremennaia okkliuziia bronkhov v lechenii oslozhennykh gnoinykh destruktsii legkikh.

In the period from 1984 to 1987 the authors had under observation 179 patients with acute pulmonary destruction following various courses. Variants of temporary occlusion of the fistula-carrying bronchus were performed in 54 patients in whom the disease was complicated by bronchopleural fistula and pyopneumothorax. Occlusion of a lobar or segmental bronchus (51 patients) was preceded by preliminary flow cleansing of the affected bronchopulmonary areas and intrapleural hydrolavage of the lung with alternating pressure. In 3 patients temporary occlusion of the bronchus was conducted with a hollow obturator according to the method suggested by the authors; the method allows cleansing of the affected lung with the occluded bronchus to be combined with its gradual re-expansion. Four among the 54 treated patients died, 50 recovered.

[Respiratory and dysuric disorders in hiatal hernia]. / Respiratornye i dizuricheskie narusheniia pri gryzhakh pishchevodnogo otverstiia diafragmy.

In the period of 1973-1987 the authors followed-up 1053 patients with hiatal hernia with different types of a clinical course. Various respiratory symptoms (cough, attacks of asphyxia, etc.) were observed in 181 patients, dysuric symptoms (dysuria, urethral colics, etc.) were observed in 66 patients. Of this number 347 were operated upon. A positive effect was achieved in 36 of 41 operated patients with bronchopulmonary disorders and in 16 of 23 patients with dysuric disorders. Organic respiratory and urinary changes were undetectable before operation. The authors considered a possibility of the development of the vagosolar syndrome lying in the basis of the pathogenesis of the above disorders.