Evaluation of the influence of polymorphic variants CYP1A1 2B, CYP1B1 2, CYP3A4 1B, GSTM1 0, and GSTT1 0 in prostate cancer.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Genetic polymorphisms in cytochrome P-450 (CYPs) and glutathione S-transferase (GSTs) genes can influence the appearance of tumors by the formation of new enzymes with altered activities. In the present study, 5 polymorphic variants were examined in 154 patients with prostate carcinoma and in 154 controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS: DNA analysis was carried out through PCR-based methods. The statistical methods used were odds ratio and confidence interval (95% CI), χ(2), Fisher, and Mann-Whitney. RESULTS: The study showed absence of association for CYP1A1 2B, CYP1B1 2, GSTM1 0, and GSTT1 0. The statistical analysis implied a positive association of variant CYP3A4 1B for prostate cancer. The combined analysis of CYP1A1 2B, CYP1B1 2, and CYP3A4 1B genotypes showed positive association. The analysis of histopathologic parameters detected statistically significant differences for Gleason score and biochemistry recurrence risk. The presence of the GSTT1 0 genotype in red meat consumers increased the risk for this disease. CONCLUSION: Some polymorphic variants analyzed can influence the development and the progression of prostate cancer.

Comparison between PSA density, free PSA percentage and PSA density in the transition zone in the detection of prostate cancer in patients with serum PSA between 4 and 10 ng/mL.

OBJECTIVE: Compare the capacity of the PSA density (PSAD), Free PSA percentage (%FPSA) and PSA transition zone density (PSATZ) in improving the sensitivity and specificity of the PSA to detect prostate cancer (PCa) in men with a PSA between 4 and 10 ng/mL. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and forty five men with PSA between 4 and 10 ng/mL were prospectively studied. Blood collection for the total PSA and free PSA was performed as well as transrectal ultra-sound with prostate biopsy and measurement of the total prostate volume (TPV) and transition zone volume (TZV). Patients with initial negative biopsy were followed and the prostate biopsy was repeated in those that presented PSA increase. The capacity of the PSAD, %FPSA and PSADTZ in improving the sensitivity and specificity pf the PSA test to the detection of the PCa was assessed by univariate and multivariate analyses and through the ROC curve. RESULTS: Of the 145 patients, 38 (26.2%) had PCa and in 107 (73.8%) a benign prostate disease was diagnosed. No difference among the PSAD, %FPSA and PSADTZ was found. The multivariate analysis showed that the PSADTZ, %FPSA, TZV and age were those more powerful and highly significant PCa predictors. CONCLUSION: The determination of %FPSA and PSAD can allow a better discrimination between PCa and benign disease that the isolated use of PSA. The combination of PSADTZ, %FPSA, TZV and age promote a high accuracy for PCa detection.

Comparison between PSA density, free PSA percentage and PSA density in the transition zone in the detection of prostate cancer in patients with serum PSA between 4 and 10 ng/ml

OBJECTIVE: Compare the capacity of the PSA density (PSAD), Free PSA percentage ( percentFPSA) and PSA transition zone density (PSATZ) in improving the sensitivity and specificity of the PSA to detect prostate cancer (PCa) in men with a PSA between 4 and 10 ng/mL. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and forty five men with PSA between 4 and 10 ng/mL were prospectively studied. Blood collection for the total PSA and free PSA was performed as well as transrectal ultra-sound with prostate biopsy and measurement of the total prostate volume (TPV) and transition zone volume (TZV). Patients with initial negative biopsy were followed and the prostate biopsy was repeated in those that presented PSA increase. The capacity of the PSAD, percentFPSA and PSADTZ in improving the sensitivity and specificity pf the PSA test to the detection of the PCa was assessed by univariate and multivariate analyses and through the ROC curve. RESULTS: Of the 145 patients, 38 (26.2 percent) had PCa and in 107 (73.8 percent) a benign prostate disease was diagnosed. No difference among the PSAD, percentFPSA and PSADTZ was found. The multivariate analysis showed that the PSADTZ, percentFPSA, TZV and age were those more powerful and highly significant PCa predictors. CONCLUSION:The determination of percentFPSA and PSAD can allow a better discrimination between PCa and benign disease that the isolated use of PSA. The combination of PSADTZ, percentFPSA, TZV and age promote a high accuracy for PCa detection.

Use of cadaveric fascia lata to correct grade IV cystocele

We describe a modification of the cadaveric prolapse repair and sling - CaPS technique that uses the sling surgery principles to correct grade IV cystocele. In this modification, the central and paravaginal defects reconstitution are performed using cadaveric fascia lata fixed over rectus abdominis muscle, eliminating the need of pubic fixation by screws, as proposed by the original technique. The modification described, besides presenting the benefits of CaPS, i.e., not using impaired tissues to reconstruct vesical support, and lower risks of perineal hypercorrection, also reduces the probability of complications of bone fixation

Use of cadaveric fascia lata to correct grade IV cystocele.

We describe a modification of the cadaveric prolapse repair and sling - CaPS technique that uses the sling surgery principles to correct grade IV cystocele. In this modification, the central and paravaginal defects reconstitution are performed using cadaveric fascia lata fixed over rectus abdominis muscle, eliminating the need of pubic fixation by screws, as proposed by the original technique. The modification described, besides presenting the benefits of CaPS, i.e., not using impaired tissues to reconstruct vesical support, and lower risks of perineal hypercorrection, also reduces the probability of complications of bone fixation.