ABSTRACT
Developmental venous anomalies are often incidental findings on brain imaging. We report a case of a thrombosed developmental venous anomaly with venous congestion and pontine hemorrhage that improved after anticoagulation therapy.
Subject(s)
Brain Infarction/etiology , Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations/complications , Cerebral Veins/abnormalities , Intracranial Hemorrhages/etiology , Pons/blood supply , Venous Thrombosis/complications , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Brain Infarction/diagnosis , Brain Infarction/drug therapy , Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations/diagnosis , Humans , Intracranial Hemorrhages/diagnosis , Intracranial Hemorrhages/drug therapy , Magnetic Resonance Angiography , Male , Middle Aged , Phlebography/methods , Predictive Value of Tests , Treatment Outcome , Venous Thrombosis/diagnosis , Venous Thrombosis/drug therapyABSTRACT
Introduction. Stroke in people under 45 years of age is less frequent than in older populations but has a major impact on the individual and society. In this article we provide an overview of the epidemiology and etiology of young stroke. Methods. This paper is based on a review of population-based studies on stroke incidence that have included subgroup analyses for patients under 45 years of age, as well as smaller community-based studies and case-series specifically examining the incidence of stroke in the young. Trends are discussed along with the relative frequencies of various etiologies. Discussion. Stroke in the young requires a different approach to investigation and management than stroke in the elderly given differences in the relative frequencies of possible underlying causes. It remains the case, however, that atherosclerosis contributes to a large proportion of stroke in young patients, thus, conventional risk factors must be targeted aggressively.
