[Molecular genetic echovirus 9 variants identified in patients with aseptic meningitis in Russia in 2007-2009].

In 2009 echovirus 9 caused a higher seasonal incidence of enterovirus infection (EVI) and its several outbreaks in a number of regions of Russia. Analysis of the partial VP1 coding region differentiated 4 phylogenetic lineages of echoviruses 9 variants identified in patients with aseptic meningitis and EVI in 2007-2009. One variant of echovirus 9 was most commonly encountered in 2009. Echoviruses 9 identified in different areas, which had a high (98.2-100%) homology of nucleotide sequences of the partial VP1 coding region, varied in the amino acid sequences within the B-C loop.

[Comparison of the spectra of membrane proteins in differentiating coagulase-negative staphylococci]. / Sopostavlenie spektrov membrannykh belkov v differentsiatsii koagulazootritsatel'nykh stafilokokkov.

The comparison of the spectra of the membrane proteins of 12 typing strains of coagulase negative staphylococci has revealed differences which probably reflect the distinctive features of membrane proteins, intrinsic to individual bacterial species.

[Comparison of the spectra of the extracellular proteins in differentiating staphylococcal cultures]. / Sopostavlenie spektrov vnekletochnykh belkov v differentsiatsii kul'tur stafilokokkov.

The study of the spectra of the extracellular proteins of 45 museum cultures and 391 newly isolated cultures has demonstrated that these spectra are the strain characteristic of staphylococci. A method for the identification of staphylococci by the spectra of their extracellular proteins is proposed.

[Comparative study of the proteolytic activity of staphylococci and detection of a specific protease]. / Sravnitel'noe izuchenie proteoliticheskoi aktivnosti stafilokokkov i obnaruzhenie spetsificheskoi proteazy.

Staphylococci of 194 strains and of different origin were tested for the presence of active extracellular protease. Activity of protease from Staphylococcus aureus was found to be significantly higher than that of Staphylococcus epidermidis. The culture that was isolated and characterized proved capable to produce an enzyme of high activity and narrow substrate specificity towards bonds formed by the COOH-group of dicarboxylic amino-acids. The protease within the staphylococcal cell was shown to be linked with the peripheral integral membrane proteins solubilized by 1% Triton X-100.

[Erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate and hemoglobin electrophoretic characteristics in rodent adaptation to high mountains]. / 2,3-difosfoglitserat éritrotsitov i élektroforeticheskaia kharakteristika gemoglobina pri adaptatsii k vysokogor'iu u gryzunov.

Adaptation of the erythropoetic system to hypoxia was shown to be different in different populations of montaine rodents of the Central Caucasus. One type of adaptation includes the increase in 2,3-diphosphoglycerate content of erythrocytes, the hemoglobin structure remaining apparently unchanged. This pattern was found in two groups of animals -- in one population of the ground squirrel Citellus suslicus whose ancestors were introduced to the mountains some 25 years ago, and in the wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus which is a usual inhabitant of highland, although it does not form there any isolated populations. The other type of adaptation was found in the ground squirrel Citellus pygmaeus musicus, which is native to high altitude. The content of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate in the erythrocytes in this animal is the same as in the sea-level subspecies C. p. planicola, whereas the electrophoretic picture of hemoglobin in these two subspecies was found to be different.

[Membrane protein spectra of staphylococci from a comparative physiological aspect]. / Izuchenie membrannykh belkovykh spektrov stafilokokkov v sravnitel'no-fiziologicheskikom aspekte.

Membrane protein spectra, obtained by electrophoresis in the system polyacrylamide gel--sodium dodecysolfate, were studied in 14 staphylococcal strains with different properties. The proteinograms of membranes were shown to be useful as an additional criterion in the identification of staphylococci. Fractions and their combination characteristic of all the strains and their separate groups were revealed in the protein spectra of staphylococcal membranes.

Production of Staphylococcus membranes and their enzymatic and protein characteristics.

Three methods of decomposition of Staphylococcus aureus 209-P cells were compared for the production of membranes-ultrasound, a press, and enzymatic lysis. All the tested methods permitted the isolation of enzymatically active membranes, differing somewhat in protein composition.

[Rat hemoglobulin normally and under hypoxic action]. / Gemoglobulin krys v norme i pri deistvii gipoksii.

The hemoglobin (Hb) pattern of adult and newborn rats, as well as of chronically hypoxic rats was studied by the method of electrophoresis on starch gel. It was shown that the experimental animals were Hb polymorphic. The slow-moving bands of Hb pattern were more pronounced and the alkali resistance was greater in newborns as compared to adults. In the course of adaptation to hypoxia there occur some shifts in the quantitative ration of the fractions in favour of one of the slow-moving fractions; however, this phenomenon does not follow the enhancement of the fetal Hb synthesis, as it is generally accepted. There were no changes in the electrophoretic mobility of the fractions. Mildness of the changes revealed under hypoxic conditions suggests that the Hb synthesis in rats is rather stable.