ABSTRACT
The proteomic composition of a biological sample serves as the most important feature of a biological object, and it allows discriminating normal and pathological conditions. Targeted mass spectrometric analysis, namely, multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) using synthetic isotopically-labeled internal standard (SIS), is the main alternative to the ELISA method for the analysis of diagnostically significant proteins. Based on the MRM results, a prototype test system has been developed; it employs the targeted mass spectrometric method for multiplex, quantitative analysis of FDA-verified proteins in whole blood plasma. Using this approach, it was possible to measure the content of 42 proteins in 31 samples in a concentration range spanning five orders of magnitude. The interindividual variability for 30 of the 42 registered proteins was less than 40%. The largest scatter was observed for haptoglobin (68%), immunoglobulin heavy constant delta IGHD (90%), angiotensin (72%), sex hormone-binding globulin SHBG (100%) and lipoprotein-(a) (136%). The obtained results on the concentration of proteins correlate with published data (Hortin et al., 2008, Clinical Chemistry, 54, 1608) with R2=0.84. The developed prototype test system based on targeted mass spectrometric analysis of proteins can be considered as an alternative to methods using monoclonal antibodies.
Subject(s)
Blood Proteins , Proteins , Proteomics , Blood Proteins/analysis , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Healthy Volunteers , Humans , Mass SpectrometryABSTRACT
A 56-day immersion experiment in which two subjects participated was carried out. During the experiment the preventive effect of periodic acceleration combined with exercise and water-salt intake was assessed. Simulating an increased gravitational field, exposure to acceleration increased the static component of the load upon the musculo-skeletal system, increased the gradient of the blood hydrostatic pressure, activated mechanisms responsible for the venous return to the heart, stimulated systems regulating antidiuretic and antisodiumdiuretic reflexes. Involvement of these mechanisms restored haemodynamic parameters, fluid-electrolyte balance and blood coagulability. The prophylactic effect of acceleration was enhanced if combined with exercise and supplemented water-salt intake.
Subject(s)
Exercise Therapy , Hypergravity , Immersion/adverse effects , Sodium Chloride/therapeutic use , Weightlessness Countermeasures , Weightlessness Simulation/adverse effects , Acceleration , Blood Volume/drug effects , Blood Volume/physiology , Calcium/metabolism , Calcium/urine , Centrifugation , Creatinine/metabolism , Creatinine/urine , Heart Rate/physiology , Humans , Male , Potassium/metabolism , Potassium/urine , Sodium Chloride/urine , Water , Water-Electrolyte Balance/drug effects , Water-Electrolyte Balance/physiologyABSTRACT
Test subjects covered with a waterproof highly elastic cloth were exposed to 13-day water immersion up to the neck. They were divided into two groups. The first (control) group consisting of six persons was exposed to immersion alone and the second (experimental) group was exposed daily to accelerations of 0.6-2 Gz for 60-90 min during the last 6 days of immersion. Before and after immersion all the test subjects were exposed to +3 Gz for 5 min which served as a provocative test. These experiments give evidence that the use of dry immersion allows experimentation during prolonged immersion without concomitant complications. Variations in the physiological parameters (cardiovascular system, fluid-electrolyte balance, blood-coagulatory system) are indicative of the preventive effect of periodic accelerations during 13-day immersion.
