Os "Poemas da Negra", uma leitura a contrapelo da "poesia do senhor do engenho" / The "Poemas da Negra", a reading against the grain of the "poetry of the lord of the mill"

RESUMO O presente artigo dedica-se a uma leitura dos doze "Poemas da Negra" de Mário de Andrade, escritos em 1928 e publicados em 1930 na obra Remate de males. A análise e a interpretação do conjunto amoroso nascem dos estudos do manuscrito Preto no acervo do escritor (Grillo, 2010), salvaguardado no Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros (IEB-USP), e seguem indicações de Gilda de Melo e Souza (2005). A estudiosa aponta para que se faça uma leitura dos poemas a contrapelo do que ela denomina "poesia do senhor do engenho". De fato, em um dos mais belos versos amorosos de Mário de Andrade, o poeta desenvolve na poesia modernista uma nova dicção a respeito da negra, na medida em que o eu lírico a eleva a um plano cósmico, igualando o eu poético e a musa de azeviche.

ABSTRAR This article is dedicated to a reading of the twelve "Poemas da Negra" by Mário de Andrade, written in 1928 and published in 1930 in the book Remate de males. The analysis and interpretation of the love collection derive from studies of the manuscript Preto in the writer's collection (Grillo, 2010), safeguarded in the Institute of Brazilian Studies (IEB-USP), and follow indications of Gilda de Melo e Souza (2005). This scholar points out that the poems should be read against what she calls the "poetry of the plantation master". Indeed, in one of Mário de Andrade's most beautiful love verses, the poet develops a new Modernist diction about the black woman, insofar as the lyrical self elevates her to a cosmic plane, equating the poetic self and the black muse.

Plaguicidas organofosforados y efecto neuropsicológico y motor en la Región del Maule, Chile / Organophosphate pesticides and neuropsychological and motor effects in the Maule Region, Chile

Objetivo: Evaluar la exposición a plaguicidas organofosforados y el desempeño neuropsicológico y motor de trabajadores/as agrícolas y no agrícolas de la Región del Maule, Chile. Método: Estudio transversal analítico con 93 trabajadores/as agrícolas expuestos/as a plaguicidas organofosforados y 84 trabajadores/as no agrícolas no expuestos/as. Se administró una batería de cuatro pruebas neuropsicológicas junto con un examen físico neuromotor. Resultados: Los/las trabajadores/as agrícolas expuestos/as tuvieron un menor desempeño en la escala de inteligencia de Wechsler para Adultos (WAIS-IV) en comprensión verbal (Beta=−3,2; p=0,034), en velocidad de procesamiento (Beta=−4,4; p=0,036) y en la escala total (Beta=−4; p=0,016); sensibilidad discriminativa (Beta=1, p=0,009) ajustada por años de educación o edad en comparación con los controles. Conclusiones: Se sugiere el desarrollo de políticas en materia de control, venta y uso de plaguicidas organofosforados, y de intervenciones con la población expuesta respecto a medidas de seguridad (AU)

Objective: To evaluate organophosphate pesticide exposure and neuropsychological and motor performance in agricultural and non-agricultural workers in the Maule Region in Chile. Method: Analytic cross-sectional study in 93 exposed farm workers and 84 unexposed non-agricultural workers. A battery of four neuropsychological tests was administered together with a neuro-motor physical examination. Results: On the Weschler adult intelligence scale (WAIS-IV), exposed agricultural workers exhibited poorer performance than non-agricultural workers in verbal comprehension (Beta=−3.2; p=0.034) and processing speed (Beta=−4.4; p=0.036) and in the full scale (Beta=−4; p=0.016), as well as in discrimination sensitivity (Beta=1, p=0,009), adjusted by years of schooling and/or age. Conclusions: We suggest the development of policies and regulations for the control, sale and use of organophosphate pesticides and intervention strategies on safety measures aimed at the exposed population (AU)

[Organophosphate pesticides and neuropsychological and motor effects in the Maule Region, Chile]. / Plaguicidas organofosforados y efecto neuropsicológico y motor en la Región del Maule, Chile.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate organophosphate pesticide exposure and neuropsychological and motor performance in agricultural and non-agricultural workers in the Maule Region in Chile. METHOD: Analytic cross-sectional study in 93 exposed farm workers and 84 unexposed non-agricultural workers. A battery of four neuropsychological tests was administered together with a neuro-motor physical examination. RESULTS: On the Weschler adult intelligence scale (WAIS-IV), exposed agricultural workers exhibited poorer performance than non-agricultural workers in verbal comprehension (ß=-3.2; p=0.034) and processing speed (ß=-4.4; p=0.036) and in the full scale (ß=-4; p=0.016), as well as in discrimination sensitivity (ß=1, p=0,009), adjusted by years of schooling and/or age. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest the development of policies and regulations for the control, sale and use of organophosphate pesticides and intervention strategies on safety measures aimed at the exposed population.