Massive recurrent epistaxis in traumatic pseudoaneurysm of sphenopalatine artery: Report of 2 cases.

Massive recurrent epistaxis because of traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the sphenopalatine artery is rarely diagnosed. It is formed by partial rupture of the endothelium by facial trauma and managed with embolization and maxillofacial reconstruction. Here, we report a case of 2 massive recurrent epistaxes and 1 case of carotid cavernous fistula, which needed embolization to control the recurrent bleeding following trauma. Epistaxis is first managed by tampon, then referred as needed for endovascular intervention by sphenopalatine artery embolization and followed by maxillofacial reconstruction. Recurrent epistaxis was successfully treated with endovascular embolization.