ABSTRACT
The effect of three-week standardized physical training on exercise-induced ischaemia was investigated in patients with silent ischaemia after myocardial infarction. 24-hour monitoring and exercise ECGs before and after the period of physical training, were undertaken in 32 men (mean age 53.6 +/- 8.1 years) with angiographically proven coronary heart disease. The protocol of the standardized exercise included bicycle ergometry, gymnastics, breathing and movement exercises, as well as nonstandardized walking or hiking. Following the training period the number of ischaemic episodes fell from 90 to 72 for the group as a whole and that of the asymptomatic episodes from 79 to 64. The number and severity of ventricular arrhythmias were similar during silent and symptomatic ischaemia. There was a significant increase in duration of exercise until reaching the ischaemia threshold (mean exercise duration 4.7 +/- 2.1 vs 5.9 +/- 2.5 min; P = 0.0007). There was no increased risk concerning ventricular arrhythmias.
Subject(s)
Exercise Therapy/adverse effects , Myocardial Ischemia/diagnosis , Cardiac Complexes, Premature/diagnosis , Cardiac Complexes, Premature/epidemiology , Cardiac Complexes, Premature/etiology , Coronary Disease/complications , Coronary Disease/rehabilitation , Electrocardiography, Ambulatory/statistics & numerical data , Exercise , Exercise Test/statistics & numerical data , Exercise Therapy/methods , Exercise Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Infarction/complications , Myocardial Infarction/rehabilitation , Myocardial Ischemia/epidemiology , Myocardial Ischemia/etiology , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Many viruses have membrane glycoproteins that are activated at cleavage sites containing multiple arginine and lysine residues by cellular proteases so far not identified. The proteases responsible for cleavage of the hemagglutinin of fowl plague virus, a prototype of these glycoproteins, has now been isolated from Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells. The enzyme has a mol. wt of 85,000, a pH optimum ranging from 6.5 to 7.5, is calcium dependent and recognizes the consensus sequence R-X-K/R-R at the cleavage site of the hemagglutinin. Using a specific antiserum it has been identified as furin, a subtilisin-like eukaryotic protease. The fowl plague virus hemagglutinin was also cleaved after coexpression with human furin from cDNA by vaccinia virus vectors. Peptidyl chloroalkylketones containing the R-X-K/R-R motif specifically bind to the catalytic site of furin and are therefore potent inhibitors of hemagglutinin cleavage and fusion activity.
Subject(s)
Hemagglutinins, Viral/metabolism , Influenza A virus/enzymology , Membrane Proteins/metabolism , Subtilisins/metabolism , Viral Envelope Proteins/metabolism , Affinity Labels , Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones/pharmacology , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Blotting, Western , Cattle , Cells, Cultured , Chick Embryo , Chromatography, Liquid , DNA , Dogs , Furin , Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Influenza A virus/metabolism , Molecular Sequence Data , Vaccinia virus/geneticsABSTRACT
A case report of a malignant eccrine poroma metastasizing to long bones is described. This rare tumor of intraepidermal eccrine sweat duct origin usually metastasized to visceral organs. This is the second reported case of bone metastasis. Although a hip disarticulation was performed for ipsilateral femoral and tibial metastases presenting seven years after resection of the primary tumor, this 43-year-old man died six months later, from pulmonary metastases.
