ABSTRACT
Puppet script training was used to teach the social skills of greeting, responding to conversations, and initiating conversations to a preschool child with visual impairments. Susie and four peers without disabilities were taught social skills utilizing puppets enacting sociodramatic scripts within group training sessions. Training sessions were immediately followed by free-play activities among peers without disabilities to assess skill generalization. A single-case study using a multiple-baseline design demonstrated that the intervention increased performance of social skills during recess with peers. Results demonstrated that Susie learned the target behaviors and generalized their use to free-play activities with her peers.
Subject(s)
Behavior Therapy , Deinstitutionalization , Role Playing , Schools, Nursery , Social Behavior , Child, Preschool , Esotropia/psychology , Esotropia/rehabilitation , Female , Generalization, Psychological , Humans , Male , Peer Group , Play and PlaythingsABSTRACT
Hawaii uses the Stanford Achievement Test, 8th Edition (Stanford 8), to assess the academic performance of students in Grades 3, 6, 8, and 10. Three longitudinal cohorts were analyzed for achievement performance among Grades 3 to 6, 6 to 8, and 8 to 10. ANOVAs indicated significant differences in overall performance between nondisabled students and three high-incidence categories of students with disabilities (specific learning disability, emotional impairment, and mild mental retardation). Local subgroup norms were developed on the basis of Stanford 8 reading and mathematics results from 1992 to 1996 to supplement the national norms and provide an additional means of comparison to evaluate performance for these categories. The longitudinal cohorts of students with disabilities made greater gains in achievement from third to sixth grade than their national counterparts and cohort of nondisabled students in Hawaii. Between 8th and 10th grade, students with learning disabilities and emotional impairments made gains equal to or greater than their national counterparts'.