ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate exfoliative glaucoma (XFG) patients over 5 years, determining risk factors associated with progression or non-progression of glaucoma. METHODS: A retrospective, observational study. Patients were chosen from consecutive charts and data collected from each available visit included in the follow-up period. Data were abstracted for non-progressed XFG patients for 5 years and for progressed patients until glaucoma worsened. Progression was determined from patient records and by disc photographs. RESULTS: There were 71 (53%) progressed and 63 (47%) non-progressed XFG patients.Baseline parameters demonstrated worse visual field damage (p=0.014) and more prescribed medicines (p=0.03) in progressed patients. The mean intraocular pressure (IOP) for progressed patients was 18.7±4.3 and 17.3±3.4 mm Hg for non-progressed patients (p=0.047). The mean IOP that best separated the groups was 17 mm Hg with 60% staying non-progressed at or below this level and 30% above this level. At the last visit, progressed patients had more medicines prescribed (1.7) than non-progressed patients (1.3, p=0.005). A multivariate regression analysis showed higher mean, peak and variance of IOP, number of glaucoma medications at the final visit and presence of a disc hemorrhage (n=5) as independent risk factors for progression (p≤0.05). CONCLUSION: IOP reduction in XFG may be essential in reducing disease progression. The presence of disc hemorrhage in XFG may suggest an increased probability of progression despite treatment to within the normal IOP range.
Subject(s)
Exfoliation Syndrome/physiopathology , Glaucoma, Open-Angle/physiopathology , Aged , Disease Progression , Female , Humans , Intraocular Pressure , Male , Optic Disk/pathology , Retinal Hemorrhage/physiopathology , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Visual FieldsABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Female , Infant, Newborn , Humans , Birth Rate/trends , Transients and Migrants/statistics & numerical data , Spain/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Objetivos. Conocer la prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular, evaluar la asociación entre presentar factores de riesgo cardiovascular y el nivel de conocimientos acerca de alimentos y, finalmente, medir la asociación entre presentar factores de riesgo cardiovascular y seguimiento dietético. Método. Estudio transversal de prevalencia, realizado en un área de salud semirrural. La recogida de datos se hizo mediante entrevista personal en el domicilio de 402 personas de entre 18 y 75 años. El modelo de cuestionario se obtuvo básicamente de la Evaluación Nutricional de la Población Catalana, realizada los años 1992-1993. El presente estudio forma parte del más extenso: "Evaluación del estado nutricional del Área de Salud Lleida 2001-2002". Resultados. Se cuantificó un elevado nivel de conocimientos acerca de los alimentos, tanto en su influencia sobre el colesterol como sobre la salud en general, y no se encontraron diferencias importantes entre los individuos que presentan factores de riesgo cardiovascular y los que no. El hecho de presentar un factor de riesgo está ligado a un mayor seguimiento de dieta, pero sólo es mayoritario en el caso de los sujetos diabéticos (71,4%). Los individuos hipercolesterolémicos que reciben tratamiento farmacológico por este motivo disminuyen el seguimiento dietético respecto a los que no lo reciben (el 28,6 frente al 17,6%). Conclusión. El bajo seguimiento dietético que se ha constatado para algunos factores de riesgo no está ligado a conocimientos deficientes, sino a un problema de actitud ante la dieta
Objectives. To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, evaluate the association between the presence of cardiovascular risk factors and the degree of knowledge about nutrition, and finally to measure the association between the presence of cardiovascular risk factors and dietary control. Method. A cross sectional prevalence study was performed in a semirural health area. Data collection was carried out through personal interviews in the homes of 402 individuals aged between 18 and 75 years old. The questionnaire model was obtained from the "Nutritional Evaluation of the Catalan Population" carried out in 1992-1993. This study is part of the more extensive study: "Evaluation of nutritional status in the Health Area of Lleida 2001-2002". Results. Knowledge about diet and its influence on both cholesterol and health in general was good; no significant differences were found between persons with cardiovascular risk factors and those without. Individuals who knew they had one risk factor showed a greater tendency to control their diets but the percentage of individuals doing so was only high among diabetics (71.4%). Individuals with high cholesterol levels who received cholesterol-lowering drugs showed lower dietary control than those not receiving drug treatment (28.6% versus 17.6%). Conclusion. The poor dietary control found for some risk factors was not associated with a lack of knowledge but rather to a lack of motivation regarding diet
