ABSTRACT
The differential gene expression is the molecular base of development and responses to stimuli of organisms. Transcription factors (TFs) play important regulatory roles in this kind of differential gene expression. Therefore, to elucidate how these TFs regulate the complex differential gene expression, it is necessary to identify all target genes of them and construct the gene transcription regulatory network controlled by them. DNA binding is a key step for TFs regulating gene transcription. Therefore, in order to identify their target genes, it is indispensable to identify all possible DNA sequences that can be recognized and bound by TFs at the molecular level of their interactions with DNA, i.e., construction of the DNA-binding profiles of TFs. In recent years, along with the development of DNA microarray and high-throughput DNA sequencing techniques, there appeared some revolutionary new techniques for constructing DNA-binding profiles of TFs, which greatly promotes studies in this field. These techniques include ChIP-chip and ChIP-Seq for constructing in vivo DNA-binding profiles of TFs, dsDNA microarray, SELEX-SAGE, Bind-n-Seq, MMP-SELEX, EMSA-Seq, and HiTS-FLIP for constructing in vitro DNA-binding profiles of TFs. This paper reviewed these techniques.
Subject(s)
DNA/metabolism , Transcription Factors/metabolism , Animals , Base Sequence , Binding Sites , DNA/genetics , DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics , DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism , Gene Expression Profiling/methods , Gene Regulatory Networks , Mammals , Molecular Sequence Data , SELEX Aptamer Technique , Transcription Factors/geneticsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of intermittent irrigation in paddy fields on mosquito control and the impact on growth and yield of rice. METHODS: The paddy fields were divided into an experimental group and a control group. In the same context of other measures, the experimental group was performed with intermittent irrigation and the control group with conventional irrigation. The densities of larvae of Anopheles sinensis and Culex tritaeniorhynchus were surveyed by the suction trapping method. The plant traits, leaf age process, tiller dynamics, yield structure and actual rice production were observed. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the average densities of larvae of Anopheles sinensis and Culex tritaeniorhynchus were reduced of 10.32/m2 and 13.93/m2 respectively in the experimental group, the control rates were 79.84% and 72.14% respectively, the average yield increased of 22.5 kg/667 m2, water conservation was 187.4 m3/667 m2, and the increased revenue was 75.78 yuan/667 m2. CONCLUSIONS: The intermittent irrigation in paddy fields not only can control mosquito larva breeding effectively, but also save water and electricity, and increase the harvest.
Subject(s)
Mosquito Control , Oryza , Animals , Anopheles , Culex , Larva , Oryza/growth & development , Population DensityABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To understand the status of knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) and health education needs for malaria prevention and treatment of rural residents in Hai'an County. METHODS: Hai'an County was divided into three regions of east, south and north, and the primary and secondary students and residents were selected with the multi-stage sampling method and investigated with questionnaire for the status of KAP and the health education needs of malaria control. The results were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: The awareness rates of malaria transmission, symptoms, prevention knowledge in the residents were significantly higher than those in the students (P < 0.05). The awareness rates of malaria prevention knowledge in the residents had significant differences among the residents with different education levels (P < 0.05), and the education levels were positively correlated with the awareness rates of malaria prevention knowledge. The main ways of rural residents to get their knowledge of malaria control were radio, newspapers, the village doctors, public health bulletin, posters, students, and television caption in order; the main ways of students to get their knowledge of malaria control were television, newspapers, public health bulletin, teachers, radio, and flyers in order. CONCLUSIONS: We should pay full attention to the advantages of mass media to carry out the extensive health education on malaria prevention and control, and should also take into account the different characteristics of the audience.
