Theoretical and experimental verification of wide-spectrum thermometry based on Taylor series de-integration method.

In response to the challenges encountered in solving the integral equations and the disadvantages of requiring additional calibration parameters in the existing three-channel wide-spectrum temperature measurement, a wavelength-based Taylor series de-integration method is proposed. By combining the coefficient of determination, which characterizes the approximation effect, the selection criterion of characteristic wavelength (optimal expansion wavelength, OEW) is constructed. In the influence analysis of spectral emissivity on the de-integration method, the insensitivity of OEW to spectral emissivity is revealed. The feasibility of using blackbody OEW for de-integration processing is proved when the spectral emissivity is unknown, which provides necessary theoretical support for the selection of characteristic wavelengths in practical application. Based on this integration method, algebraic temperature measurement equations in the forms of graybody, three-channel fusion, and two-color are derived, and the theoretical errors of each form are discussed from both horizontal and longitudinal perspectives. Furthermore, thermometry experiments with multiple acquisition parameters and diverse samples were conducted corresponding to three solution forms, the universality of acquisition parameters and sample applicability are proven.

Effectiveness of music therapy in enhancing empathy and emotional recognition in adolescents with intellectual disabilities.

Music therapy has demonstrated efficacy in alleviating symptoms of mental disorders, prompting an investigation into its impact on emotion regulation and empathy levels in adolescents with mild intellectual disabilities. This study involved 120 adolescents diagnosed with mild intellectual disabilities, divided into experimental and control groups. The research evaluated empathy levels and the ability to recognize emotions using photographs and pictograms before and after the experiment. Significant improvements were noted in the experimental group, particularly in empathy towards elderly individuals (p ≤ 0.05), strangers (p ≤ 0.05), cartoon and video characters (p ≤ 0.05), and animals (p ≤ 0.05). Music therapy proved effective in enhancing empathy towards peers (p ≤ 0.01), strangers (p ≤ 0.05), elderly individuals (p ≤ 0.05), animals (p ≤ 0.05), and cartoon characters (p ≤ 0.05). Limited changes were observed in the control group, primarily in the category of empathy towards strangers (p ≤ 0.05). The study suggests music therapy as a recommendable intervention for adolescents with mild intellectual disabilities, enhancing their ability to recognize diverse emotions. The study significantly contributes to the theoretical understanding of music therapy's role in emotional development among adolescents with mild intellectual disabilities, highlighting the nuanced influence of music selection on therapeutic outcomes. The study acknowledges and briefly discusses the ethical considerations involved in conducting research with adolescents, emphasizing the importance of ethical guidelines in working with vulnerable populations.

Religious Beliefs Shaping Health Care and Transforming Health Concepts: The Case of Shanghai.

This study examines the connection between health and religious beliefs in modern Chinese society and builds a model reimagining the conception of health. The study draws on interviews with 108 patients (52 were women and 56 were men) at Huashan Hospital (Shanghai City, China). The survey ran between May 10 and May 14, 2021. More than 50% of female and male respondents reported having religious beliefs. Most acknowledged the crucial role of faith and religious beliefs in overcoming treatment challenges and alleviating patient suffering. The role of faith and religious beliefs in physical/mental treatment and health maintenance received the highest average percent positive score among female respondents. According to the multiple regression results of demographic parameters (age, ethnicity, gender, education, and urban or rural residence), only gender had a statistically significant effect on the impact of religious beliefs on health care attitudes. The proposed model builds on the Confucian concept of Ren (humanity), which refers to a harmonious relationship between people within a family or society bound by specific rules. The results of this study can help expand awareness about religion and its role in healthcare as a means to support patients' spiritual and physical health.

Two TGA Transcription Factor Members from Hyper-Susceptible Soybean Exhibiting Significant Basal Resistance to Soybean mosaic virus.

TGA transcription factors (TFs) exhibit basal resistance in Arabidopsis, but susceptibility to a pathogen attack in tomatoes; however, their roles in soybean (Glycine max) to Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) are unknown. In this study, 27 TGA genes were isolated from a SMV hyper-susceptible soybean NN1138-2, designated GmTGA1~GmTGA27, which were clustered into seven phylogenetic groups. The expression profiles of GmTGAs showed that the highly expressed genes were mainly in Groups I, II, and VII under non-induction conditions, while out of the 27 GmTGAs, 19 responded to SMV-induction. Interestingly, in further transient N. benthamiana-SMV pathosystem assay, all the 19 GmTGAs overexpressed did not promote SMV infection in inoculated leaves, but they exhibited basal resistance except one without function. Among the 18 functional ones, GmTGA8 and GmTGA19, with similar motif distribution, nuclear localization sequence and interaction proteins, showed a rapid response to SMV infection and performed better than the others in inhibiting SMV multiplication. This finding suggested that GmTGA TFs may support basal resistance to SMV even from a hyper-susceptible source. What the mechanism of the genes (GmTGA8, GmTGA19, etc.) with basal resistance to SMV is and what their potential for the future improvement of resistance to SMV in soybeans is, are to be explored.