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1.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 60(1): 17-29, 1 ene., 2015. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-131520

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La Iowa Rating Scale for Personality Change (IRSPC) presenta una serie de características (énfasis en las funciones motivacionales y emocionales, evaluación de las funciones ejecutivas ‘cognitivas’ en la vida cotidiana, estimación de la personalidad premórbida, valoración de la fiabilidad del informador) que hacen muy interesante su utilización tanto en la clínica como en la investigación. Objetivo. Validar en castellano la IRSPC para la evaluación de los ‘cambios de personalidad’ secundarios a las lesiones cerebrales de la corteza prefrontal en general y del área ventromedial en particular. Pacientes y métodos. Tras el proceso de traducción y adaptación de la guía de la escala al castellano, se realizó un estudio de validación con 31 pacientes con daño cerebral traumático y se obtuvieron unos resultados de fiabilidad muy adecuados. Resultados. Los resultados obtenidos al medir la consistencia interna de la IRSPC y los coeficientes de fiabilidad interobservadores y test-retest apoyan dicha afirmación. La validez del instrumento es confirmada por la validez concurrente (comparándolo con el inventario neuropsiquiátrico) y la validez de constructo (comparando las puntuaciones de los pacientes antes y después del traumatismo). Conclusiones. La IRSPC es un instrumento fiable y válido para la exploración clínica, en el contexto de una evaluación integral de los síntomas derivados de las enfermedades neurológicas en general, y en particular de aquéllas en las que se encuentra involucrada la corteza prefrontal ventromedial (AU)


Introduction. The Iowa Rating Scale for Personality Change (IRSPC) presents some features (puts an emphasis on the motivational and emotional functions; evaluates the ‘cognitive’ executive functions in the daily life; estimates the premorbid personality; values the informant reliability) that make it use really interesting for both clinical and research. Aim. The aim of this study was the Spanish validation of the IRSPC, which evaluates the ‘personality changes’ secondary to prefrontal cortex brain injury and particularly those located in the ventromedial area. Patients and methods. After the translation and the Spanish adaptation of the scale guide, we carried out a validation study with 31 patients suffering from traumatic brain injury, getting good reliability. Results. The data obtained by measuring the internal consistency of the IRSPC and the inter rater and test-retest reliability support this statement. The instrument validity is confirmed by the results of the concurrent validity (comparing IRSPC and Neuropsychiatric Inventory) and the construct validity (scores before and after the trauma). Conclusions. The IRSPC is a valid and reliable instrument for clinical examination in the context of a comprehensive evaluation of the symptoms resulting from neurological diseases and particularly from the ventromedial prefrontal cortex injury (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales/statistics & numerical data , Brain Damage, Chronic/complications , Brain Damage, Chronic/diagnosis , Prefrontal Cortex/injuries , Personality Inventory/statistics & numerical data , Personality Inventory/standards , Psychometrics/methods , Brain Damage, Chronic/prevention & control , Reproducibility of Results , Reproducibility of Results/methods , Comorbidity , Surveys and Questionnaires , Personality Disorders/epidemiology , Personality Disorders/prevention & control
2.
Rev Neurol ; 60(1): 17-29, 2015 Jan 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25522860

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The Iowa Rating Scale for Personality Change (IRSPC) presents some features (puts an emphasis on the motivational and emotional functions; evaluates the 'cognitive' executive functions in the daily life; estimates the premorbid personality; values the informant reliability) that make it use really interesting for both clinical and research. AIM: The aim of this study was the Spanish validation of the IRSPC, which evaluates the 'personality changes' secondary to prefrontal cortex brain injury and particularly those located in the ventromedial area. PATIENTS AND METHODS: After the translation and the Spanish adaptation of the scale guide, we carried out a validation study with 31 patients suffering from traumatic brain injury, getting good reliability. RESULTS: The data obtained by measuring the internal consistency of the IRSPC and the inter rater and test-retest reliability support this statement. The instrument validity is confirmed by the results of the concurrent validity (comparing IRSPC and Neuropsychiatric Inventory) and the construct validity (scores before and after the trauma). CONCLUSIONS: The IRSPC is a valid and reliable instrument for clinical examination in the context of a comprehensive evaluation of the symptoms resulting from neurological diseases and particularly from the ventromedial prefrontal cortex injury.


TITLE: Validacion española de la Iowa Rating Scale for Personality Change (IRSPC) para la valoracion de los cambios de personalidad en pacientes con daño cerebral adquirido.Introduccion. La Iowa Rating Scale for Personality Change (IRSPC) presenta una serie de caracteristicas (enfasis en las funciones motivacionales y emocionales, evaluacion de las funciones ejecutivas 'cognitivas' en la vida cotidiana, estimacion de la personalidad premorbida, valoracion de la fiabilidad del informador) que hacen muy interesante su utilizacion tanto en la clinica como en la investigacion. Objetivo. Validar en castellano la IRSPC para la evaluacion de los 'cambios de personalidad' secundarios a las lesiones cerebrales de la corteza prefrontal en general y del area ventromedial en particular. Pacientes y metodos. Tras el proceso de traduccion y adaptacion de la guia de la escala al castellano, se realizo un estudio de validacion con 31 pacientes con daño cerebral traumatico y se obtuvieron unos resultados de fiabilidad muy adecuados. Resultados. Los resultados obtenidos al medir la consistencia interna de la IRSPC y los coeficientes de fiabilidad interobservadores y test-retest apoyan dicha afirmacion. La validez del instrumento es confirmada por la validez concurrente (comparandolo con el inventario neuropsiquiatrico) y la validez de constructo (comparando las puntuaciones de los pacientes antes y despues del traumatismo). Conclusiones. La IRSPC es un instrumento fiable y valido para la exploracion clinica, en el contexto de una evaluacion integral de los sintomas derivados de las enfermedades neurologicas en general, y en particular de aquellas en las que se encuentra involucrada la corteza prefrontal ventromedial.


Subject(s)
Brain Injuries/psychology , Personality Assessment , Personality Disorders/etiology , Prefrontal Cortex/injuries , Activities of Daily Living , Adolescent , Adult , Glasgow Coma Scale , Humans , Language , Middle Aged , Neuropsychological Tests , Observer Variation , Personality Disorders/diagnosis , Prefrontal Cortex/physiopathology , Reproducibility of Results , Spain , Translating , Young Adult
3.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 55(1): 1-10, 1 jul., 2012. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-101761

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La cognición social es un concepto teórico complejo que engloba muchas funciones mentales superiores de elevado nivel. Dentro de ella se incluye la empatía, que es un aspecto fundamental y suficientemente relevante para ser evaluado de forma independiente; sin embargo, ha sido una de las áreas menos estudiadas en el campo del daño cerebral traumático. Pacientes y métodos. Se estudia una muestra amplía de afectados de daño cerebral traumático, evaluando en ellos la disminución de la capacidad empática. Para ello, hemos utilizado uno de los instrumentos validados en nuestro medio: el Interpersonal Reactivity Index. El estudio se ha completado utilizando parcialmente el modelo de ejecutores sociales de Eslinger, por considerar que la personalidad premórbida y otros factores influyen en la expresión clínica de los cambios en la respuesta empática observados en los afectados de un daño cerebral traumático. Resultados y conclusiones. Respecto al porcentaje de afectados con disminución de la capacidad de empatía, nuestro resultado es similar a los documentados en los escasos estudios existentes sobre el tema. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, el modelo de ejecutores sociales se ha constatado como un modelo válido para realizar un estudio longitudinal y analítico de los trastornos neuropsiquiátricos, en este caso de la empatía; objetivando cómo la personalidad y la inteligencia premórbida modulan la capacidad de empatizar en los afectados de una lesión traumática. Por último, las lesiones traumáticas derechas pueden ser un signo de alarma de los trastornos de la cognición social postraumáticos (AU)


Introduction. Social cognition is a complex theoretical concept that includes many great high level mental functions. Within this concept is included the empathy, which is so significant and relevant to be evaluated separately but it has been one of the least studied areas in traumatic brain injury. Patients and methods. A large sample of patients with a traumatic brain injury has been studied. The aim was to evaluate the decrease of the empathic ability. One of the validated instruments in our area has been used: the Interpersonal Reactivity Index. The study has been completed by using partially the Eslinger’s social executors model as we consider that clinic display of the empathic response changes observed in those with a traumatic brain injury are influenced by previous personality and other different factors. Results and conclusions. With regard to the percentage of empathic ability decrease our results are similar to those documented in the few existing studies on this subject. According to the results the Eslinger’s social executors model has been confirmed as a suitable model to carry out a longitudinal and analytical study of neuropsychiatric disorders like the empathy. We have realized that the empathic ability in traumatic brain injury is modulated by previous personality and intelligence. Finally, right hemisphere traumatic damage could be a warning signal in posttraumatic social cognition hanges (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Craniocerebral Trauma/complications , Empathy , Personality Disorders/etiology , Prefrontal Cortex/injuries , Brain Injury, Chronic/complications , Executive Function/physiology
4.
Rev Neurol ; 55(1): 1-10, 2012 Jul 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22718403

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Social cognition is a complex theoretical concept that includes many great high level mental functions. Within this concept is included the empathy, which is so significant and relevant to be evaluated separately but it has been one of the least studied areas in traumatic brain injury. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A large sample of patients with a traumatic brain injury has been studied. The aim was to evaluate the decrease of the empathic ability. One of the validated instruments in our area has been used: the Interpersonal Reactivity Index. The study has been completed by using partially the Eslinger's social executors model as we consider that clinic display of the empathic response changes observed in those with a traumatic brain injury are influenced by previous personality and other different factors. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: With regard to the percentage of empathic ability decrease our results are similar to those documented in the few existing studies on this subject. According to the results the Eslinger's social executors model has been confirmed as a suitable model to carry out a longitudinal and analytical study of neuropsychiatric disorders like the empathy. We have realized that the empathic ability in traumatic brain injury is modulated by previous personality and intelligence. Finally, right hemisphere traumatic damage could be a warning signal in posttraumatic social cognition changes.


Subject(s)
Affective Symptoms/etiology , Brain Damage, Chronic/psychology , Brain Injuries/psychology , Cognition Disorders/etiology , Empathy/physiology , Personality Disorders/etiology , Adolescent , Adult , Affective Symptoms/psychology , Cognition Disorders/psychology , Female , Frontal Lobe/injuries , Frontal Lobe/physiopathology , Humans , Language Tests , Male , Middle Aged , Models, Neurological , Models, Psychological , Personality Disorders/psychology , Risk Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Temporal Lobe/injuries , Temporal Lobe/physiopathology , Young Adult
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