Psychological stress and associated factors in caring for patients with delirium among intensive care unit nurses: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Caring for patients with delirium is challenging and overwhelming for intensive care unit (ICU) nurses. Investigating the psychological impact of delirium care on ICU nurses is crucial to maintaining their psychological health and improving the quality of care. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the psychological stress of ICU nurses in caring for patients with delirium and potential factors. METHODS: A total of 355 nurses from three tertiary care hospitals in Hunan Province, China, participated in this cross-sectional survey. Data were collected using the demographic sheet, Impact of Event Scale-Revised, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Occupational Coping Self-Efficacy Scale for Nurses. Descriptive and multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the factors associated with psychological stress. RESULTS: ICU nurses suffered moderate psychological stress related to delirium care. The recent time to care for patients with delirium (P < 0.001), familiarity with delirium-related knowledge (P = 0.002), satisfaction with delirium-related support (P = 0.046), psychological resilience (P < 0.001), and occupational coping self-efficacy (P < 0.001) were significant contributors to psychological stress. CONCLUSION: Nurse managers and researchers need to focus on the psychological well-being of ICU nurses in caring for patients with delirium, especially those who are currently caring for patients with delirium, and provide tailored support, increase their knowledge of delirium, and also boost psychological resilience and coping skills.

Development and validation of a self-management scale of type 1 diabetes for Chinese adults.

OBJECTIVE: Self-management is beneficial for improving health outcomes in adults with type 1 diabetes. However, there are no validated instruments to assess self-management in Chinese adults with type 1 diabetes. The aim of this study was to develop and validate the Self-Management of Type 1 Diabetes for Chinese Adults (SMOD-CA) scale. METHODS: Qualitative and quantitative methods were used to develop the SMOD-CA.We conducted a literature review and semi-structured interviews to generate an initial item pool. An expert panel examined the content validity. We conducted a cross-sectional survey to evaluate scale reliability and validity. A total of 243 participants were recruited. Exploratory factor analyses were used to test the construct validity, and internal consistency and test-retest reliability were assessed. RESULTS: The expert panel determined that the SMOD-CA content validity index was satisfactory. The final 30-item scale consisted of four factors explaining 49.50% of the total variance in the data. Cronbach's α was 0.901 for the total scale and 0.911 for test-retest reliability. CONCLUSIONS: The SMOD-CA demonstrated good reliability and validity. The scale is a credible and effective instrument that can be used by social workers and health care professionals to assess self-management in Chinese adults with type 1 diabetes.Trial registration number NCT03610984.

High performance of filter capacitor based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube supercapacitor.

The high-performance filter capacitor is a hot research topic in the field of filter circuits for flexible and wearable devices, whereas traditional aluminum electrolytic capacitors still experience widespread problems in terms of large error factors and poor stability. To avoid these disadvantages, in this work, we have developed a liquid dual-layer supercapacitor (SC). When it is employed as the filter capacitor in a filter circuit, any waveform signal can be transformed into a linear signal. The maximum fluctuation of the output signal is less than 16 mV; the SC also demonstrates excellent filtering stability in a frequency range of 1 ∼ 100 000 Hz, as well as an amplitude window of 0 ∼ 10 V. In this framework, our filter SC demonstrates unparalleled processing properties, and can greatly improve the stability and extend the lifetime of the entire electronic circuit. The fact that the requirements of high-end electronic products can be fulfilled due to the contribution of this filter SC are particularly significant.

Different Effects of Structured Education on Glycemic Control and Psychological Outcomes in Adolescent and Adult Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

AIM: This systematic review aimed at investigating the effectiveness of structured education (SE) in improving glycemic control and psychological outcomes in adolescent and adult patients with type 1 diabetes. METHODS: Electronic databases (EMBASE, Medline, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library) and the reference lists of included studies were searched from the beginning of the database through April 2019. Randomized controlled trials comparing SE with a control condition and reporting a change in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level were included. The primary outcome was glycemic control measured by HbA1c. Secondary outcomes were diabetes-related distress, well-being, depression, and quality of life. RESULTS: Eighteen studies representing 2759 patients were included. Twelve studies targeted adolescents and six targeted adults. Adolescent patients who were randomized to the intervention group did not show significant improvement of HbA1c in the short (SMD = -0.04; 95% CI: -0.14 to 0.06; P=0.41), medium (SMD = -0.03; 95% CI: -0.13 to 0.07; P=0.41), medium (SMD = -0.03; 95% CI: -0.13 to 0.07; P=0.41), medium (SMD = -0.03; 95% CI: -0.13 to 0.07; P=0.41), medium (SMD = -0.03; 95% CI: -0.13 to 0.07; P=0.41), medium (SMD = -0.03; 95% CI: -0.13 to 0.07. CONCLUSIONS: Development of more efficient SE programs according to the patients' personal characteristics is needed.

Ag-modified Fe2O3 nanoparticles on a carbon cloth as an anode material for high-performance supercapacitors.

By exploiting the storage performance of supercapacitors, iron has the potential to be used as a new anode material. However, this potential is limited by unsatisfactory electrical conductivity and poor cycling stability which impact the energy and power density. Consequently a foundation for improving the electrical conductivity and cycling stability of iron materials to obtain good storage performance is needed. In this work, Ag-modified Fe2O3 nanoparticles on carbon cloth were synthesized as an anode material for supercapacitors. The specific capacitance of the composite material reaches 10.39 F cm-2 (2734.2 F g-1) at a current density of 1 mA cm-2 and remains at 83% of this value after 12 000 cycles. The energy density is 379.8 Wh kg-1 at a power density of 131.6 W kg-1 and remains at 123.9 Wh kg-1 at a power density of 2631.6 W kg-1. The electrical conductivity and interfacial effect created between Ag@Fe2O3 is confirmed with density functional theory calculations. The packaged asymmetric supercapacitor devices have flexibility and can light ten LEDs for 2 min 30 s, with an energy density of 60.3 Wh kg-1 that can be reached at a power density of 1063.8 W kg-1 and remain at 16 Wh kg-1 even at a power density of 4255.3 W kg-1.

Factorial Invariance of the 10-Item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale Across Gender Among Chinese Elders.

Resilience plays an important role in the health of the elderly. The 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10) is widely used to evaluate resilience, but its factorial invariance has not been evaluated in the Chinese elders. In the current study, 1,238 Chinese elders aged 60 years and above completed the Chinese CD-RISC-10, yielding good reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.936, Omega coefficient = 0.83, and test-retest reliability coefficient of 0.665 after 6 months). Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a single-factor model fitted our CD-RISC-10 data well, both for the total sample and for each gender group. Furthermore, factorial invariance across genders was supported by multigroup confirmatory factor analysis. Finally, the current study revealed greater resilience levels in Chinese elderly women than in Chinese elderly men.

In situ growth of MnO@Na2Ti6O13 heterojunction nanowires for high performance supercapacitors.

One-dimensional tunnel and layer frame crystal structure materials are extremely attractive for energy storage in electrode materials. The energy storage properties of the electrode materials depend on their conductivity. Furthermore, the conductivity of electrode materials can be tailored through combination or doping with other materials, which transforms their properties from semiconductor to semimetallic or metallic and allow them to show unequaled performance for storage devices. In this work, heterostructures of manganese oxide (MnO) and modified sodium titanate (Na2Ti6O13) (MnO@Na2Ti6O13) nanowires are attained by the in situ thermal decomposition method. The heterojunction between MnO and Na2Ti6O13 allows the semiconductor properties of pure Na2Ti6O13 to show remarkable metallic behavior for improving the electrochemical performance. The capacitance of MnO@Na2Ti6O13 heterojunction nanowires can reach 272.3 F g-1, a power intensity of 250 W kg-1 at the energy density of 37.83 Wh kg-1 and retain 5000 W kg-1 at 6.67 Wh kg-1 as well. The energy storage mechanism of the MnO@Na2Ti6O13 heterostructure is studied by density functional theory. All of the results show that the MnO@Na2Ti6O13 heterostructure material has the potential to be an excellent supercapacitor material in the future.