[Characteristics of the quality of life in women 55-64 years old living in the urban conditions.]

The article presents the results of the study of the quality of life (QOL) characteristics in the urban women 55-64 years old using the SF-36v2 questionnaire, the estimation of the standardized quantities of QOL is given. A total of 509 women were examined and divided into two age groups: the 1st group is 55-59 years old (n=210), the 2nd group is 60-64 years old (n=299). It is established that the women older than 59 years have a decline in the indicators of the physical functioning (p<0,001), the role functioning conditioned by a physical state (p=0,001), as well as the intensity of pain (p=0,011), which will negatively affect their activity in everyday life, their productive activities, making it difficult to continue working on pension. The analysis of the physical component of the QOL also revealed its decrease in women older than 59 years (p<0,001). At the same time, statistically significant age differences in the psychological component of the QOL (p>0,1) were not established. The results of the research show that the determining factor that has a positive effect on the process of successful aging in women of the second age group is not the physical but the psychological component of the quality of life.

[Postural control characteristics in elderly women with fallers].

Using computer posturografic (stabilometric) complex a study of postural control peculiarities was carried out in 108 women aged 65-74 years who had experienced two or more falls during the year (fallers). These tests were: Sensory Organization Test, Motor Control Test, Rhythmic Weight Shift. It was found that elderly women with fallers had a decrease of sensory information (somatosensory - by 1,8 %, of the visual - by 6 %, and of the vestibular - by 10,1 %), the neurophysiological mechanisms of postural control (by 5,7 points), violation of adaptation possibilities of sensory and motor components of the legs to respond quickly to changes in the center of gravity within the support base of its footing (7,3 ms), as well as reducing balance control in the frontal (by 7,2 %) and sagittal (by 23,2 % ) planes compared with the women of the same age without fallers.

[Influence of industrial pollution of ambient air on health of workers engaged into open air activities in cold conditions].

The article presents the results of a study on assessment of occupational exposure to air pollutants and related health effects in3792 outdoor workers engaged in operations performed in the vicinity of non-ferrous metallurgical facilities in Far North. Findings are that during cold season repeated climate and weather conditions are associated with higher level of chemical hazards and dust in surface air. At the air temperature below -17 degrees C, maximal single concentrations of major pollutants can exceed MAC up to 10 times. With that, transitory disablement morbidity parameters and occupational accidents frequency increase significantly. The workers with long exposure to cooling meteorological factors and air pollution demonstrate significantly increased prevalence of respiratory and circulatory diseases, despite relatively low levels of sculpture dioxide and dust in the air, not exceeding the occupational exposure limits. It has been concluded that severe cold is to be considered asa factor increasing occupational risk at air polluted outdoor worksites dueto more intense air pollution, higher traumatism risk and lower efficiency of filter antidust masks respiratory PPE and due to modification of the toxic effects.

[The level of expression of molecules of adhesion on monocytes depending on morphological differentiation of nuclei].

The article demonstrates that in conditions of absence of antigen stimulation in venous blood percentage of promocytes made up 26% (20.0; 36.0), monocytes proper--40% (29.5; 47.0), polymorphic nuclear monocytes--31.0% (24.5; 43.0). The molecule of L-selectin was expressed by 42.2% of monocytes; of LFA-1--99.72%; of ICAM-1--88.88%; of LFA-3--94.11%; of PECAM-1--97.50% of monocytes. The positive correlation is established between content of polymorphic nuclear monocytes and level of expression of molecules of LFA-1, ICAM-1, LFA-3, and PECAM-1. This occurrence can testify readiness to implementation of phase of sliding, solid adhesion and transmigration immediately by polymorphic nuclear monocytes primarily.

[Peculiarities of postural balance among elderly men with fear of falling syndrome].

A comparative study of postural balance among elderly men of 65-85 years old with postural instability and an equal number of falls, experiencing and not experiencing the fear of the probability of falling was conducted. Analysis of the data of computer stabilometery found that men fearing to fall in all functional tests had medium speed indicators of general center of mass (GCM), the mean radius of GCMs indicators significantly higher and indicators of mean half-period fluctuations of GCMs in the sagittal and frontal areas were significantly less than among men of similar age not fearing to fall down. These results indicate that the emergence of feelings of fear of possible falls among elderly and senile patients with postural instability has an objective basis in the form of more severe violations of the postural control system in comparison with those that do not face the fear of the probability of falling.

[Regional standardization of water chemical substances in case of the Arkhangelsk region].

The paper gives the data characterizing the status of water supply systems, the efficiency of waterworks, and the quality of drinking and Severnaya Dvina River waters. It generalizes the data characterizing the sanitary-and-epidemiological situation and human health in the region. There is evidence for the assumption that regional standardization of chemical compounds in the drinking water of northern regions should be carried out during water preparation, which confirms the conclusions of hygienic and toxic studies previously conducted in individual areas and those given in the references.

[Population health risk from chemical air pollutants in a city with developed pulp and paper industry].

OBJECTIVE: to assess an effect of chemical contaminants contained in emissions of pulp and paper mill on prevalence respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in population of Novodvinsk. The average annual concentrations of chemicals of concern were calculated by modeling. A prevalence of population was studied by using of the primary medical documentation in sex among children from 0 to 17 and adults from 65 and older Hazard index (HIi) was used to assess the non-cancer health effects. Unit risk was used to calculate individual cancer risk (CR). Testing of null hypothesis was conducted by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and ?2. The hazard index for respiratory tract (HIi = 3,54; 95% CI: 3.34-3.70) and cardiovascular system (HIi = 0.78; 95% /DE: 0.74-0.82) in the district close to the Arkhangelsk pulp and paper mill (APPM) were higher than in remote districts. In this district the prevalence of bronchial asthma in boys (30.7+13.8%), women (47.0+9.8%) and men (127.4+45.2%) was the highest. Also in this district the prevalence of hypertension among women (139.1+14.4%) and men (311.5+56.1%), diseases of veins among women (48.2+10.8%) and diseases of upper respiratory tract among men (177.0+36.4%) was higher than in remote districts from the APPM. The level of CR in the district located close by the APPM was acceptable (1.0 (10-5; 95% CI: 9.0 (10-6-1, 18(10-5).

[Adaptive reactions of external respiration in workers of European North].

Studies covered changes in external respiration system of young able-bodied males and females exposed to ambient air of negative temperature in natural climate of European North. Findings are that breathing cold air causes significant changes in static respiratory volumes and capacities, so vital lung capacity, inspiratory reserve volume and expiratory reserve volume were decreased, respiratory capacity was increased, respiratory level was decreased. Changes in the females appeared to be more than those in the males.

[External respiration system reaction to local cooling of skin of young able-bodied persons].

Changes in the external respiration system during local cooling of hands and feet of young able-bodied men and women have been studied. Local cooling of hands' and feet's skin results in significant and statistically reliable changes of spirometric indices.

[External respiration peculiarities in inhabitants of European North in cases of mandible fracture].

There were studied external respiration and lung gaseous metabolism in inhabitants of European North in cases of mandible fracture. There were determined respiration disturbances of the obstruction type and changes of lung gaseous metabolism. In patients of the control group which received traditional medical and physical methods of treatment the external respiration indices were normalized to proper values to the moment of fragments union (in 34-38 days). Relation of CO2 excretion to O2 consumption at this term corresponded to mean value of human respiratory coefficient (0.83-0.87). In the group of patients with optimization of comprehensive treatment by ozone therapy use the function of external respiration and lung gaseous metabolism recovered earlier that positively told upon the terms of fragments union and recovery of capacity for work.

[Mortality of population living in areas of local earth's crust ruptures].

In areas of local earth's crust ruptures on territory of City of Surgut (Khanty-Mansy autonomous Okrug), relationship between death cases of cardiovascular diseases and malignant neoplasms and physical factors anomalies (geomagnetic field, gamma rays, radon escape) has been studied. Findings analysis demonstrated that among city residents death rates of major cardiovascular diseases, lung cancer and stomach cancer reliably prevailed in areas of local earth's crust ruptures as compared with the rest of city territory. Planning of medical care and implementing of treatment and prevention activities requires to consider dwelling in abnormal physical fields zones.

[Human radiation action of radon and its daughter disintegration products].

Radon-222 and its daughter disintegration products are present within all the buildings without except, which is an inevitable source of radiation both in the dwellings and in working places. There may be higher concentrations of radon in some regions. Seasonal radon level changes depending on ambient air temperature and atmospheric pressure have been found in the atmospheric ground layers. The results of the performed sanitary-and-epidemiological studies may state that there is a cause-and-effect relationship between the level of radon in the air of accommodations and the higher incidence of lung cancer. Radon-resistant structures of dwellings, removal of the soil sources of radon, as well as air filtration and efficient ventilation of premises are basic methods for decreasing the concentration of radon.

[Psychophysiological traits of personality and the specific features of heart rhythm regulation under the influence of occupational activities]. / Psikhofiziologicheskie svoistva lichnosti i osobennosti reguliatsii serdechnogo ritma pod vliianiem trudovoi deiatel'nosti.

The paper presents the results of experimental instrumental studies of the psychophysiological features of regulatory properties of the nervous system under the influence of emergency factors. The investigations were made in the students of a navigation college before and after at least 6-month navigation on board the transport ship. Whether there is an association of adaptive behavioral responses with cardiac rhythm regulation under the influence of occupational activities was studied.

[Physiological aspects of optimization of expedition and work shift schedules in Arctic Regions]. / Fiziologicheskie aspekty optimizatsii vakhtovogo i ékspeditsionno-vakhtovogo rezhimov truda v Zapoliar'e.

A complex dynamic study covered functional state and capacity for work of crews at oil-drilling rigs in alternate and expedition-alternate conditions in Circumpolar regions of European Russia (the formula of work and rest: 12 x 12/15 + 15). The 15-day period of work was assessed in various seasons. Functional state of the workers was studied by six expeditions (in spring, summer, autumn and 3 in winter). Use of expedition-alternate schedule is less indicated since it leads to great overload of human functional resources and work capacity. If no alternative for expedition-alternate schedule, it should include rational conditions of work and rest for every activity and take into account season and distance from the resident place.