ABSTRACT
Aluminum (Al) is one of the most abundant elements on Earth, and its high extraction rate and industrial use make human exposure very common. As Al may be a human toxicant, it is important to investigate the effects of Al exposure, mainly at low doses and for prolonged periods, by simulating human exposure. This work aimed to study the effects of low-dose exposure to chloride aluminum (AlCl3) on the oxidative biochemistry, proteomic profile, and morphology of the major salivary glands. Wistar male rats were exposed to 8.3 mg/kg/day of AlCl3 via intragastric gavage for 60 days. Then, the parotid and submandibular glands were subjected to biochemical assays, proteomic evaluation, and histological analysis. Al caused oxidative imbalance in both salivary glands. Dysregulation of protein expression, mainly of those related to cytoarchitecture, energy metabolism and glandular function, was detected in both salivary glands. Al also promoted histological alterations, such as acinar atrophy and an increase in parenchymal tissue. Prolonged exposure to Al, even at low doses, was able to modulate molecular alterations associated with morphological impairments in the salivary glands of rats. From this perspective, prolonged Al exposure may be a risk to exposed populations and their oral health.
Subject(s)
Aluminum/adverse effects , Salivary Glands/drug effects , Salivary Glands/metabolism , Aluminum Chloride/adverse effects , Animals , Male , Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Proteomics/methods , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Objetivo: trata-se de uma revisão sistemática que objetiva a identificação da produção científica publicada entre 2001 e 2011, acerca dos fatores associados à obesidade na gravidez. Método: busca bibliográfica foi realizada na base de dados Centro Latino-Americano e do Caribe de Informação em Ciências da Saúde (BIREME), utilizando-se os seguin-tes descritores combinados: gravidez, obesidade, revisão sistemática, ganho de peso e fatores associados. Resultado: foram identificados 04 artigos, que investigaram 14 fatores associados à obesidade na gravidez. Escolaridade, paridade, situação marital e estado nutricional inicial foram os fatores com mais associações positivas encontrados pelos autores. Conclusão: a escassez de trabalhos sobre o assunto mostra a necessidade do desenvolvimento de mais pesquisas sobre o tema, para melhor identificação desses fatores.
Objective :this work is a systematic review aiming to identify the published scientific production between the years 2010 and 2011, about the obesity and pregnancy associated factors. Method: the bibliographic search was made on the Health's Science Information Latin America and Caribbean Center's data base, using the following combined descrip-tors: pregnancy, obesity, systematic review, weight gain and associated factors. Result: there were identified 4 articles, that investigated 14 factors associated to the obesity during the pregnancy. schooling, parity, matrimonial situation and initial nutritional condition were the factors that presented more positive association found by the authors. Conclusion: the lack of works about the matter shows the necessity of development of more researches about the subject, for a bet-ter identification of these factors.
ABSTRACT
Buffalo production takes place in several areas worldwide. In Brazil, buffalo are raised mainly in the Northern region, specifically in the Marajó archipelago, where most of the herd is slaughtered for meat. This makes possible the extraction of numerous healthy teeth from these animals as replacements for human teeth in laboratory tests. Aim: To evaluate the morphology of enamel from species Bubalus bubalis as a replacement for human enamel in laboratory research studies, considering its wider availability in the Amazon region. Methods: After removal, the teeth were prepared for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Teeth were sectioned in different planes - some were subjected to abrasion and others were merely polished for observation of surface enamel. All samples were submitted to a cleaning process, dried, sputter-coated with a platinum alloy and set for observation under SEM. Results: The SEM micrographs revealed an aprismatic surface enamel as well as prismatic enamel, the latter being similar to human enamel, in both arrangement and morphology. Conclusions: Buffalo enamel showed prismatic morphology, requiring further tests to corroborate its use as a substitute for human teeth.
