Prediction models for deep vein thrombosis after knee/hip arthroplasty: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is one of the common complications after joint replacement, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. We systematically searched nine databases, a total of eleven studies on prediction models to predict DVT after knee/hip arthroplasty were included, eight prediction models for DVT after knee/hip arthroplasty were chosen and compared. The results of network meta-analysis showed the XGBoost model (SUCRA 100.0%), LASSO (SUCRA 84.8%), ANN (SUCRA 72.1%), SVM (SUCRA 53.0%), ensemble model (SUCRA 40.8%), RF (SUCRA 25.6%), LR (SUCRA 21.8%), GBT (SUCRA 1.1%), and best prediction performance is XGB (SUCRA 100%). Results show that the XGBoost model has the best predictive performance. Our study provides suggestions and directions for future research on the DVT prediction model. In the future, well-designed studies are still needed to validate this model.

Effects of an explain-simulate-practice-communicate-support intervention on quality of life for patients with chronic heart failure: A randomized control trial.

Background: Patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) grade III chronic heart failure (CHF) present with low capacity for daily activities, severe self-perceived burden, and poor quality of life. Effective nursing interventions may reduce patients' self-perceived burden and improve their quality of life. Objectives: To explore the effects of an explain-simulate-practice-communicate-support intervention on the self-perceived burden, cardiac function, and activities of daily living (ADL) ability in patients with New York Heart Association grade III chronic heart failure. Methods: Of the 100 patients with New York Heart Association grade III chronic heart failure who were electronically randomized and equally divided into control and intervention groups, data from 88 patients who completed our study were analyzed. The primary outcome was quality of life; secondary outcomes were self-perceived burden, 6-min walking test distances, serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels, New York Heart Association cardiac function classification, and ability to perform activities of daily living. Results: After 12 weeks' intervention, the intervention group had significantly lower self-perceived burden, Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire scores, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels, and New York Heart Association grades compared with the control group, while 6-min walking test distances, left ventricular ejection fraction, and modified Barthel Index scale scores were significantly higher than those in the control group (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The explain-simulate-practice-communicate-support intervention improved patients' quality of life through reducing the level of self-perceived burden, and improving cardiac function and activities of daily living ability. This intervention was found to be effective for patients with New York Heart Association grade III chronic heart failure.

Comparative effectiveness of different exercise interventions for elderly patients with hip fracture: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis protocol of randomized controlled trials.

BACKGROUND: Exercise intervention (EI) is a promising and economical way for elderly patients with hip fracture, but the evidence regarding effective EIs remains fragmented and controversial, and it is unclear which type of exercise is optimal. The purpose of this Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) is to compare and rank the efficacy of various EIs in elderly patients with hip fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was performed using a systematic approach across various databases including Medline (via PubMed), CINAHL, CNKI, Web of Science, Wan Fang, Embase, VIP, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and CBM databases. The search encompasses all available records from the inception of each database until December 2022. The Inclusion literature comprises randomized controlled trials that incorporate at least one EI for elderly patients with hip fracture. We will assess the risk of bias of the studies in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, and assess each evidence of outcome quality in accordance with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework. The NMA will be performed by STATA 15.0 software and OpenBUGS version 3.2.3. The identification of publication bias will be accomplished through the utilization of a funnel plot. We will rank the EIs effects according to the cumulative ranking probability curve (surface under the cumulative ranking area, SUCRA). The primary outcomes will be hip function in elderly patients, and the secondary outcomes will be activities of daily living, walking capacity and balance ability of elderly patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration number: CRD4202022340737.

The effectiveness of optimal exercise-based strategy for patients with hip fracture: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.

The implementation of exercise intervention (EI) presents a promising and economical way for patients with hip fracture. However, the optimal type of EI remains unclear. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of various EI approaches and identify the optimal intervention for improving the prognosis of patients with hip fracture. A comprehensive search of Medline (via PubMed), Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, CNKI, Wan Fang, VIP, and CBM was conducted from their earliest records to June 2022. The included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) included at least one type of exercise for patients with hip fracture. The methodological quality of these trials was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool. All direct and indirect comparisons were analyzed by Stata 14.0 and OpenBUGS 3.2.3 software. The primary outcome was hip function, and the secondary outcomes were activity of daily living (ADL), walking capacity and balance ability of patients. Based on the ranking probabilities, resistance exercise (RE) was ranked as the most effective among all exercise interventions (surface under cumulative ranking curve values [SUCRA]: 94.8%, [MD]: - 11.07, [Crl]: - 15.07 to - 7.08) in improving the efficacy of patients' hip function, followed by balance exercise (BE) ([SUCRA]:81.1%, [MD]: - 8.79, [Crl]: - 13.41 to - 4.18) and muscle strength exercise ([SUCRA]:57.6%, [MD]: - 5.35, [Crl]: - 9.70 to - 0.95). For the improvement of ADL for patients with hip fracture, BE ([SUCRA]:98.4%, [MD]: - 17.38, [Crl]: - 23.77 to - 11.04) may be the best EI. The findings of this study indicate that RE and BE might be the best approach to improve prognosis for patients with hip fracture. However, further rigorous and meticulously planned RCTs are required to substantiate the conclusions drawn from this study.

Global epidemiology and burden of tetanus from 1990 to 2019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

OBJECTIVES: Tetanus is a serious infectious disease. In recent decades, the epidemiology and disease characteristics of tetanus have been reported by many medical workers, but these studies usually have limited sample sizes. METHODS: We retrieved all the epidemiological data related to tetanus from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, and a secondary analysis was performed to report the global epidemiology and disease burden of tetanus. RESULTS: From 1990 to 2019, the incidence and death rate of tetanus decreased worldwide. In general, high sociodemographic index (SDI) countries have lower age-standard incidence rates and age-standard death rates than low SDI countries. Moreover, in low SDI regions, newborns were the highest-risk group for tetanus. In high SDI areas, half of the tetanus cases occurred in the 70+ years age group. The disease burden of tetanus was significantly higher in males than in females. CONCLUSION: The disease burden of tetanus decreased significantly worldwide from 1990 to 2019. Neonatal tetanus is serious in low SDI areas, whereas the proportion of elderly tetanus is the highest in high SDI areas. The containment of tetanus in all age groups and sex still requires effort from all sectors.

Knockdown of annexin VII enhances nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell radiosensitivity in vivo and in vitro.

BACKGROUND: Radioresistance leads to treatment failure in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Thus, enhancing the radiosensitivity of NPC cells would likely increase the effectiveness of radiotherapy. Annexin VII (Annexin A7, ANXA7) might be a tumor promoter in NPC but its functions in radiosensitivity remain unclear. METHODS: NPC cell lines CNE2-shANXA7 and CNE2-pLKO.1 were generated and CNE2-shANXA7 nude mice xenograft tumor models were established. The main effects and molecular mechanisms of ANXA7 knockdown in NPC radiosensitivity were studied in vitro and in vivo by analyzing cell viability, clonogenicity, apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, tumor radioresponse and immunohistochemistry assay. RESULTS: ANXA7 knockdown revealed potentially enhanced NPC cell radiosensitivity via apoptosis and increased the cell number at the G2/M phase. In the xenograft model, NPC cells with ANXA7 knockdown were dramatically sensitive to irradiation and tumor growth was significantly suppressed. Compared to CNE2-pLKO.1 xenografts, CNE2-shANXA7 showed more γ-H2AX foci and less phospho-DNA PKcs. CONCLUSIONS: ANXA7 knockdown increased the radiosensitivity of NPC by enhancing apoptosis, modulating the cell cycle distribution into more radiosensitive phases, promoting DNA damage, and inhibiting repair. We showed that decreased ANXA7 levels enhanced radiosensitivity and provided insights into the therapeutic targets for NPC radiotherapy.

Effects of cognitive education on the perceived control and symptom distress of lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: A randomised controlled trial.

AIM: A randomised controlled trial (RCT) was implemented to verify the feasibility and acceptability of cognitive education in the format of mind maps for increasing perceived control and decreasing the symptom distress of lung cancer patients who were receiving chemotherapy. METHODS: A total of 136 lung cancer patients who were receiving chemotherapy were randomised using stratified blocks (1:1 ratio, from March 2016 to April 2017). The intervention group was given cognitive education in the format of mind maps. The control group was provided conventional education. The primary outcomes were perceived control, including cancer experience and cancer efficacy; the secondary outcomes included symptom distress (arising from fatigue, distress, sleep disturbance, poor appetite, drowsiness, shortness of breath, etc.). The Mann-Whitney U test, chi-squared test, two-sample t test and repeated measurement analysis of variance were used. RESULTS: Ninety-four patients completed the final study. The results of the repeated measurement analysis of variance indicated that at the 8th or 12th week following cognitive education intervention in the format of mind maps, the cancer experience, cancer efficacy (except personal efficacy) and symptom distress (arising from fatigue, distress, sleep disturbance, and sadness and its total scores) of the patients in the intervention group were considerably improved compared with those of the control group (p < 0.05). The longer the intervention was, the higher the level of the patients' perceived control was and the lower the degree of patient symptom distress was (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that cognitive education in the format of mind maps could improve perceived control and decrease the symptom distress of lung cancer patients who were receiving chemotherapy and that it was feasible and acceptable. Cognitive education in the format of mind maps was found to be an effective teaching tool for lung cancer patients who were receiving chemotherapy.

Effect of Resourcefulness Training on Symptoms Distress of Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

BACKGROUND Symptom distress is very common in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) during radiotherapy, seriously affecting their quality of life and impeding the process of rehabilitation. Resourcefulness training can enhance the level of resourcefulness and benefit-finding, palliate symptom distress, and promote disease rehabilitation. However, the effects of resourcefulness training on local complications and benefit-finding in NPC patients during radiotherapy remains poorly understood. MATERIAL AND METHODS Questionnaires and resourcefulness training intervention were used in this study. The relationships among resourcefulness, benefit-finding, and symptom distress of 304 NPC patients were analyzed and the effects of resourcefulness training on NPC patients (N=80) were evaluated during radiotherapy. RESULTS Among the 304 NPC patients, age, educational level, occupation, family monthly income, method of payment of medical expenses, and histological types were significant factors influencing resourcefulness and benefit-finding. The patients' resourcefulness was positively correlated to their benefit-finding; and their distress was negatively correlated to their resourcefulness. After resourcefulness training for 2 months, average scores of the resourcefulness and benefit-finding were significantly increased in the intervention group (N=40) compared to those in the control group (N=40). Average scores of symptom distress were significantly reduced in the 2 groups, but they were reduced more significantly in the intervention group than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS The patients' benefit-finding and symptom distress were correlated with their resourcefulness. Resourcefulness training could enhance the level of resourcefulness and benefit-finding, palliate symptom distress, and promote disease rehabilitation in NPC patients during radiotherapy.