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1.
Educ Health (Abingdon) ; 27(1): 59-63, 2014.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25069139

ABSTRACT

For about a half century the World Health Organization (WHO), supported by the literature in the field of health personnel education, has argued for the benefits of a learner-centered and community-oriented approach to professional education. Nevertheless, change has not happened in the vast majority of schools and countries. This paper describes the obstacles and constraints to change in health professional education: Obsolete administrative rules, the low profile of public health, the lack of real decision power of faculty, a dearth of faculty trained in the field of education, the arbitrary separation between so-called basic sciences and clinical practice, the disciplinary orientation of learning objectives, a lack of explicit definition of desirable professional competencies, and, above all, too little value placed on the evaluation of educational programs. The recent literature continues to argue for change but action does not follow. Only very few training institutions currently put newer approaches into practice. The university culture remains an environment that stifles change.


Subject(s)
Education, Medical/organization & administration , Clinical Competence , Curriculum , Education, Medical/standards , Education, Professional/organization & administration , Education, Professional/standards , Humans , Organizational Innovation , Schools, Medical/organization & administration , Schools, Medical/standards
3.
OMS, Publication offset ; no. 35
Monography in Portuguese, Indonesian, Czech, Arabic, Ne, English, French, Polish, German, Romanian, Spanish, Slovak, Slovenian, Turkish | WHO IRIS | ID: who-42119
4.
WHO offset publication ; no. 35
Monography in Hungarian, German, Indonesian, Portuguese, Arabic, Polish, Czech, English, Italian, Ne, French, Romanian, Spanish, Slovak, Slovenian, Turkish, Persian | WHO IRIS | ID: who-42118
6.
OMS, Publication offset ; no. 101
Monography in English, French | WHO IRIS | ID: who-40832

ABSTRACT

Cet ouvrage constitue un guide extrêmement pratique et instructif pour les éducateurs qui cherchent à réformer les programmes et les méthodes d'enseignement des écoles de médecine établies. Axé sur des problèmes pratiques, il décrit une approche du changement reposant sur la mise en place d'une filière novatrice, à savoir un programme d'études distinct du programme existant, mais parallèle à celui-ci. Pour aider à comprendre comment la stratégie fonctionne en situation réelle, le livre utilise les idées, les expériences et les exposés présentés lors d'une conférence à laquelle participaient les éducateurs de huit établissements ayant utilisé l'approche des filières en tant que moteur de changement, pour certains depuis 15 ans. Les établissements, situés en Chine, au Mexique, aux Philippine, en Thaïlande et aux Etats-Unis d'Amérique, représentaient des besoins et des situations très disparates mais tous ont utilisé l'approche des filières pour réformer les études de médecine en vue d'une plus grande pertinence par rapport aux besoins de santé ou ont introduit dans le processus d'enseignement, l'apprentissage fondé sur la solution des problèmes. Ce livre rigoureusement agencé malgré l'ampleur du champ couvert, mais audacieux, sera apprécié comme une riche source de conseils et d'encouragements pour tout enseignant des personnels de santé désireux d'apporter des changements en dépit des résistances dans les établissements en place


Subject(s)
Education, Medical
8.
OMS, Publication offset ; no. 102
Monography in English, French, Spanish | WHO IRIS | ID: who-37626

ABSTRACT

Le rapport expose les conclusions et recommandations d'une étude portant sur dix écoles de médecine qui ont choisi un enseignement orienté vers la communauté et axé sur les problèmes. Il s'agissait d'une part de constater les différences dans l'évolution de ces écoles -- situées en Australie, au Cameroun, au Canada, aux Etats-Unis d'Amérique, en Israël, au Mexique, au N,pal, aux Pays-Bas et aux Philippines -- et d'autre part de fixer des normes permettant de mesurer et de comparer leur succès dans la réalisation des objectifs qu'elles avaient définis. L'ouvrage rapporte les résultats d'une grande enquête transinstitutions sur les modifications des modes d'enseignement, et définit en outre un certain nombre de problèmes fondamentaux, des méthodes qui doivent permettre de réaliser les objectifs, et des zones d'impact potentielles où pourra être mesuré le succès de ces méthodes


Subject(s)
Education, Medical , Community Medicine , Comprehensive Health Care
11.
WHO offset publication ; no. 102
Monography in English, French, Spanish | WHO IRIS | ID: who-38996

ABSTRACT

Reports the findings and observations of a study focused on ten medical schools that have undertaken community-oriented and problem-based education. The study, which included schools located in Australia, Cameroon, Canada, Israel, Mexico, Nepal, the Netherlands, the Philippines, and the United States of America, was designed to uncover differences in the ways these schools have evolved while also establishing standards for measuring and comparing the extent of their success in meeting stated objectives. Apart from recording the results of a major cross-institutional review of educational changes, the book also succeeds in identifying a number of fundamental questions, component methods for achieving objectives, and potential areas of impact where the success of these methods can be effectively measured


Subject(s)
Education, Medical , Community Medicine , Comprehensive Health Care
12.
WHO offset publication ; no. 101
Monography in English, French | WHO IRIS | ID: who-38557

ABSTRACT

Provides a highly practical and instructive guide for educators seeking to reform programmes and methods of teaching at established medical schools. Focused on practical problems, the book describes an approach to change involving the establishment of an innovative curricular track as a curriculum distinct from, but running parallel with, the already existing curriculum. To facilitate understanding of how the strategy works in real situations, the book draws upon ideas, experiences, and discussions presented during a conference attended by educators at eight institutions that have used the track approach as an agent of change, some for as long as 15 years. Though the institutions, located in China, Mexico, the Philippines, Thailand, and the United States of America, represent widely divergent needs and circumstances, all have used the track approach to reform medical education in the direction of greater relevance to health needs or by using problem-based learning in the educational process. The core text of the book sets out detailed case studies for each of the eight institutions. Presented in a spirit of frank self-analysis, these studies document the range of different problems, constraints, successes, mistakes and surprises that characterized the evolution of innovative track programmes in real situations. The reliance on first-hand experiences, whether at the Shanghai Second Medical University or Harvard Medical School, further helps account for the sense of excitement and innovation present throughout the book


Subject(s)
Education, Medical
16.
Washington D.C; Organización Panamericana de la Salud; 1977. 692 p. (PNDP/78-03).
Monography in Spanish | PAHO | ID: pah-26441
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