ABSTRACT
The study aims to evaluate the prevalence of cognitive/functional impairment in community-dwelling elderly above 60 years of age (n = 870; m = 297, f = 573) and the relationship of age, gender, and functional impairment with cognitive impairment using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire (PFAQ). Chi-square and Student's tests were used to compare cognitive and functional deficits. Linear regression assessed MMSE/PFAQ relationship. Stratified analysis assessed confounding factors. Logistic regression assessed the relationship among age/gender/functional status with cognitive impairment (p < 0.05). Prevalence of cognitive/functional impairment was 19.2%. Functional and cognitive impairment are negatively correlated (Pearson = 0.737), despite educational level (illiterate/literate: OR = 15.60; p = 0/OR = 16.40; p = 0). Age and gender (female) were associated with cognitive/functional impairment. Functional impairment is highly correlated to cognitive impairment. Family/health professionals may recognize functional impairment more easily than cognitive impairment. Thus, the use in combination of cognitive and functional scales is important when screening for dementia.
Subject(s)
Activities of Daily Living , Cognition Disorders/epidemiology , Geriatric Assessment/methods , Mental Status Schedule , Aged , Brazil/epidemiology , Cognition Disorders/diagnosis , Educational Status , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Psychiatric Status Rating ScalesABSTRACT
O estudo objetivou avaliar a prevalência de comprometimento cognitivo/funcional em idosos acima de 60 anos (n= 870; m=297, f=573) residentes na comunidade e avaliar a relação entre idade, gênero e comprometimento funcional com o comprometimento cognitivo. Utilizou-se o Mini-Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM) e o Questionário de Atividades Funcionais de Pfeffer (PFAQ). Comparou-se relação de deficits cognitivo e funcional (MEEM e PFAQ). A prevalência de comprometimento cognitivo/funcional foi 19,2%. Há relação entre comprometimento cognitivo e funcional (Pearson=0,737), independente do nível educacional (analfabetos/alfabetizados: OR=15,60; p=0/ OR = 16,40; p=0). Idade e gênero são fatores associados a comprometimento cognitivo/funcional (p<0,05). A prevalência de comprometimento cognitivo/funcional é mais alta que a encontrada em outro estudo brasileiro. Idade, gênero feminino e comprometimento funcional estão diretamente associados a comprometimento cognitivo. O reconhecimento de comprometimento funcional pode ser mais fácil por familiares/profissionais de saúde. Isso reforça a idéia do uso combinado de escalas em rastreamentos de demência.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Activities of Daily Living , Cognition Disorders/epidemiology , Geriatric Assessment/methods , Mental Status Schedule , Brazil/epidemiology , Cognition Disorders/diagnosis , Educational Status , Prevalence , Psychiatric Status Rating ScalesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To define mini-mental state examination (MMSE) global scores, by age and education in elderly in Santo Antônio de Pádua, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHOD: Elderly > 65 years-old (n=341; m=109, f=232) responded to MMSE. Sample was divided by age and education: young old (65-84 years)/oldest old (>85 years), illiterates, low/medium schooling. MMSE scores were compared using t test of Student, Mann-Whitney and Tukey (p<0.05). RESULTS: Young and oldest old's mean age were 73.13 5.27; 88.00 4.90, respectively. Young old MMSE score was 19.91 5.35 and oldest old was 16.90 4.96. There was a significant difference between the groups (p=0.01). Illiterate and educated elderly scored 17.08 4.42 and 22.34 4.94, respectively (p<0.0001). Illiterate and educated young old (age=73.61 +/- 5.26; 72.67 +/- 5.26) scored 17.29 +/- 4.40 and 22.42 +/- 4.98, respectively. MMSE shows significant difference between groups of young old (p<0.0001). MMSE of illiterate and educated oldest old (age=86.50 +/- 1.09; 90.25 +/- 7.34) were 14.33 +/- 3.89 and 20.75 +/- 3.85, respectively. CONCLUSION: Schooling and age influence on MMSE. These results do not compare with those of developed countries taking education as a variable.
