[Algorithms for the identification of hospital stays due to osteoporotic femoral neck fractures in European medical administrative databases using ICD-10 codes: A non-systematic review of the literature]. / Algorithmes d'identification des séjours pour fracture du col du fémur d'origine ostéoporotique dans les bases médico-administratives européennes utilisant la CIM-10 : revue non systématique de la littérature.

BACKGROUND: Osteoporotic hip fractures (OHF) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The French medico-administrative database (SNIIRAM) offers an interesting opportunity to improve the management of OHF. However, the validity of studies conducted with this database relies heavily on the quality of the algorithm used to detect OHF. The aim of the REDSIAM network is to facilitate the use of the SNIIRAM database. The main objective of this study was to present and discuss several OHF-detection algorithms that could be used with this database. METHODS: A non-systematic literature search was performed. The Medline database was explored during the period January 2005-August 2016. Furthermore, a snowball search was then carried out from the articles included and field experts were contacted. The extraction was conducted using the chart developed by the REDSIAM network's "Methodology" task force. RESULTS: The ICD-10 codes used to detect OHF are mainly S72.0, S72.1, and S72.2. The performance of these algorithms is at best partially validated. Complementary use of medical and surgical procedure codes would affect their performance. Finally, few studies described how they dealt with fractures of non-osteoporotic origin, re-hospitalization, and potential contralateral fracture cases. CONCLUSIONS: Authors in the literature encourage the use of ICD-10 codes S72.0 to S72.2 to develop algorithms for OHF detection. These are the codes most frequently used for OHF in France. Depending on the study objectives, other ICD10 codes and medical and surgical procedures could be usefully discussed for inclusion in the algorithm. Detection and management of duplicates and non-osteoporotic fractures should be considered in the process. Finally, when a study is based on such an algorithm, all these points should be precisely described in the publication.

[The use of administrative health databases in infectious disease epidemiology and public health]. / Apport des bases médico-administratives en épidémiologie et santé publique des maladies infectieuses.

BACKGROUND: The public health burden resulting from infectious diseases requires efforts in surveillance and evaluation of health care. The use of administrative health databases (AHD) and in particular the French national health insurance database (SNIIRAM) is an opportunity to improve knowledge in this field. The SNIIRAM data network (REDSIAM) workshop dedicated to infectious diseases conducted a narrative literature review of studies using French AHD. From the results, benefits and limits of these new tools in the field of infectious diseases are presented. METHODS: Publications identified by the members of the workgroup were collected using an analytical framework that documented the pathology of interest, the aim of the study, the goal of the developed algorithm, the kind of data, the study period, and the presence of an evaluation or a discussion of the performance of the performed algorithm. RESULTS: Fifty-five articles were identified. A majority focused on the field of vaccination coverage and joint infections. Excluding vaccine coverage field, the aim of 28 studies was epidemiological surveillance. Twenty-six studies used hospital databases exclusively, 18 used ambulatory databases exclusively and 4 used both. Validation or discussion of the performed algorithm was present in 18 studies. CONCLUSIONS: The literature review confirmed the interest of the French AHD in the infectious diseases field. The AHD are additional tools of the existing surveillance systems and their use will probably be more frequent in the coming years given their advantage and reliability. However, incoming users need to be assisted. Thus, the workgroup will contribute to a reasonable use of AHD and support future developments.

[Gastrointestinal parasitic carriage in adopted children]. / Portage parasitaire digestif d'enfants adoptés.

INTRODUCTION: Intestinal parasitoses are very common infections in tropical areas. By contrast, they are rarely diagnosed in developed countries, and are mostly seen in specific populations. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This analytical observational study was longitudinally performed in a French university hospital (2007-2011). It dealt with the study of gastrointestinal carriage of parasites in internationally adopted children. A standard stool examination was therefore systematically undertaken for every new immigrant. Association with risk factors was made by uni- and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: Overall, 69 stool samples were analyzed. The proportion of positive samples was 78 %. Protozoans, mainly Giardia duodenalis, were more prevalent than helminths. In univariate analysis, a subject's low weight and height were significantly associated with intestinal parasite carriage. Amoebae were more frequent in older children and in children from Haiti, as confirmed by the trend observed in the multivariate analysis. Flagellates were seen more often in African children. Infections with multiple parasite species were observed in half of the study population, and were inversely correlated to increasing age. DISCUSSION: According to the results of this study, gastrointestinal parasites are still very frequent in stool samples from immigrant children. Since they are easy to transmit, the majority of infections were protozoan. The best antiparasitic strategy lies in: (a) the routine screening of stool from any immigrant child coming from endemic areas and (b) the use of antiparasitic treatment.

Insecticide resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes : additional obstacles in the battle against malaria.

Mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles are malaria vectors in tropical areas and were of course designated as primary targets by programs for malaria control. Repellent sprays, indoor use of insecticides, and massive delivery of mosquito nets are standard examples of the means widely used to combat malaria. This synthetic review supplies an overview of all of the modes of resistance developed by Anopheles mosquitoes against these human actions. The misuse of each available tool has gradually led to a decrease in its global effectiveness. Newly-emerging forms of resistance, due to modification or overexpression of molecular targets, as well as behavioral adaptations by mosquitoes, are some examples of the consequences. To enable a categorical reduction in malaria incidence, a thorough adjustment of the use of the various means of control should be envisioned.