ABSTRACT
Indole alkaloids are the chemotaxonomic markers of the Aspidosperma genera. Those that have the simplest plumeran skeleton are classified as the precursors of biosynthetic routes and the intermediates for several synthetic reactions. This work aims to review the ¹H and ¹³C-NMR data, up to 2011, describing the skeleton of 35 different plumeran indole alkaloids, from a group of 46 of them, and highlight the main spectral differences amongst them.
Subject(s)
Alkaloids/chemistry , Aspidosperma/chemistry , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Alkaloids/isolation & purification , Indoles/chemistry , Indoles/isolation & purification , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Molecular Structure , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Terminology as TopicABSTRACT
Lafoensia pacari A. St.-Hil., Lythraceae, popularly known as pacari, is a Cerrado's native specimen; the stem bark extract is used in folk for pain and inflammation, also showing sedating activity. This study aimed to evaluate the analgesic and anti inflammatory activities of ethanol extract from pacari leaves (EEPL). These activities were verified in mice. The previous treatment with EEPL 1.0 g/kg showed antinociceptive activity both in the acetic acid-induced writing test and in the formalin-induced model of pain, and in neurogenic and inflammatory phases as well. In the croton oil-induced ear edema, the pre-treatments with EEPL reduced the edema in a dose-dependent manner. Also in the carrageenan-induced peritonitis, the two major doses tested (2.0 and 1.5 g/kg p.o.) were able to reduce the leukocyte migration in a dose-dependent manner. The Central Nervous System tests showed that the extract does not elicit uncoordinated motricity, hypnosis or sedating effects. The results showed that EEPL maintains the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the stem bark of pacari, being the collect of leaves more favorable to the preservation of this Cerrado's native specimen.
O pacari (Lafoensia pacari A. St.-Hil., Lythraceae) é uma espécie vegetal nativa do cerrado, o extrato da casca de caule é utilizado popularmente para dores e inflamação, tendo mostrado atividade sedativa. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar os efeitos do extrato etanólico das folhas do pacari (EEFP) como analgésico e antiinflamatório. As atividades analgésica e antiinflamatória foram verificadas em camundongos. O tratamento prévio com EEFP 1,0 g/kg mostrou atividade antinociceptiva tanto no método das contorções abdominais induzidas por ácido acético como também no modelo de dor induzida por formalina, tanto na fase neurogênica quanto na fase inflamatória. Os pré-tratamentos com o EEFP reduziram o edema de orelha, induzido por óleo de cróton, de forma dose-dependente. Os testes de atividade no sistema nervoso central mostraram que o extrato não provoca incoordenação motora nem hipnose ou sedação. Os resultados mostram que o EEFP mantém as atividades analgésica e antiinflamatória do extrato das cascas do caule do pacari, sendo que a coleta das folhas favorece a preservação desta espécie nativa do cerrado.
