ABSTRACT
A brief historical overview is given of the most relevant taxonomic studies of insect groups vectors of transmissible diseases in Brazil, from the "heroic" times of the foundation of the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz in Rio de Janeiro up to the present. The following orders are considered: Phthiraptera (Anoplura, Amblycera and Ischnocera), Hemiptera (Reduviidae: Triatominae), Siphonaptera and Diptera (Culicidae, Ceratopogonidae, Psychodidae: Phlebotominae, Simuliidae, Tabanidae, Chloropidae and Muscidae). The most important Brazilian collections of each group are cited
Subject(s)
Animals , Communicable Diseases/parasitology , Insect Vectors/classification , Academies and Institutes , BrazilABSTRACT
A brief historical overview is given of the most relevant taxonomic studies of insect groups vectors of transmissible diseases in Brazil, from the "heroic" times of the foundation of the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz in Rio de Janeiro up to the present. The most important Brazilian collections of each group are cited.(AU)
Subject(s)
Communicable Diseases/transmission , Insect Vectors/classification , Brazil , History of MedicineABSTRACT
Em 203 pacientes com história de asma e rinite e com crises respiratórias ao contato com pó domiciliar, foram realizados testes cutâneos com B. germanica, pesquisa de IgE específica pelo método ELISA ("Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay") e prova de Immunoblotting. Em 37, as provas cutâneas foram positivas, e em 14 foram demonstrados anticorpos IgE específicos em concentraçöes baixas ou moderadas e apenas dois com nível elevado. Pela prova de "Immunoblotting", em oito soros, os anticorpos reconheceram fraçöes alergênicas presentes no extrato total. Sete pacientes apresentaram também anticorpos para a P. americana, em concentraçöes semelhantes àquelas determinadas para a B. germanica.
Subject(s)
Humans , Asthma/immunology , Cockroaches/immunology , Hypersensitivity , Rhinitis/immunology , Brazil , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Immunoblotting , Immunoglobulin E/blood , Skin TestsABSTRACT
A larval survey of synantropic flies and their predators which breed in poultry manure accumulated in poultry farms was carried out in the State of São Paulo from January 1985 to December 1988. The following species were collected: Fanniidae (Fannia trimaculata), Muscidae (Musca domestic. Muscina stabulans, Stomoxys calcitrans, Syrphidae (Ornidia obesa), Stratiomyidae (Hermetia illucens) and Calliphoridae (Chysomya putoria). Larvae require high levels of humidity and suffer severe mortality when manure moisture drops from an optimal level of 55-80% moisture to less than 30%. The optimal level of moisture for larval development was: S. calcitrans 45-55%; M.domestic, F. trimaculata and M.stabulans 55-57%; C. putoria, H. illucens and O. obesa 75-80%. No larval development occurred in manure with less than 30% moisture. Coleopteran (Histeridae, Staphylinidae and Hydrophilidae) were the most important predators of the synantropic flies immatures. Carcinops troglodytes (Histeridae) and unidentified Aleocharinae and Staphylininae (Staphylinidae) were the most common. Specimens of Hemiptera (Anthocoridae), Hymenoptera (Formicidae), Dermaptera (Labiduridae) and Pseudocorpiones were found in manure with moisture levels below 45%. Coleoptera were more abundant in 30-75% moisture levels. The abundance of predators was above 75% of moisture level.
ABSTRACT
Cypermethrin (4 g/l, 5 g/l wettable powder and 7 ml/l, 10 ml/l emulsifiable concentrate) was tested, under laboratory conditions, against the adult Musca domestica. As a standard for comparison, a 6 ml/l concentrate suspension formulation of deltamethrin was used. One and twenty-four hours after application, mortality counts showed that the substances under test killed, respectively, more than 80% and 85% of the exposed insects. Under the conditions of the test, cypermethrin was considered effective in the control of the house fly.
