[Isolation and purification of human blood plasma proteins able to form potassium channels in artificial bilayer lipid membrane].

Protein fraction able to induce K(+)-selective transport across bilayer lipid membrane was isolated from human blood plasma with the use of the detergent and proteolytic enzyme-free method developed at our laboratory. After addition of the studied sample to the artificial membrane in the presence of 100 mM KCl, a discrete current change was observed. No channel activity was recorded in the presence of calcium and sodium ions. Channel forming activity of fraction was observed only in the presence of K+. Using a threefold gradient of KCl in the presence of studied proteins the potassium-selective potential balanced by voltage of -29 mV was registered. This value is very close to the theoretical Nernst potential in this case. This means that the examined ion channel is cation-selective. According to data obtained with MS-MALDI-TOF/TOF and database NCBI three protein components were identified in isolated researched sample.

[Characterization of changes in the activity of K+-n-nitrophenylphosphatase of erythrocyte ghosts under the influence of ouabain]. / Osobennosti izmeneniia aktivnosti K+-n-nitrofenilfosfatazy tenei éritrotsitov pod vliianiem uabaina.

Variation of K+-p-NPP-ase of human ghosts under the action of ouabain (10(-11)-10(-3) M) has been studied. In human ghosts the activity of ouabain-sensitive K+-p-NPP-ase has been found to make up 65% of the total enzyme activity. The activity of ouabain-sensitive K+-p-NPP-ase reaches a maximum level at pH 7.6-8.0. A decrease in the activity of this enzyme caused by ouabain is of two-phase character. In the range of ouabain concentration from 10(-10) M to 10(-6) M and from 10(-5) M to 10(-3) M the enzyme activity lowers significantly; in the range of 10(-7) M to 10(-5) M it reaches the plato. Two types of the enzyme are assumed to exist differing by 4-5 orders of magnitude in their sensitivity to ouabain, inhibitor affinity constants and Michaelis constants.

[Na,K-ATPase activity of erythrocyte ghosts of mammals in the presence of alamethicin and p-nitrophenylphosphate]. / Aktivnost' Na,K-ATFazy v teniakh éritrotsitov mlekopitaiushchikh v prisutstvii alametitsina i p-nitrofenilfosfata.

After preincubation of erythrocyte ghosts isolated from Sprague-Dawley rats activity of Na, K-ATPase was more successfully manifested, being elevated about 2.5-fold, while the ratio Mg-ATPase/Na, K-ATPase was decreased 3-fold. Optimal ratio of alamethicin/protein was equal to 0.3. The similar results were obtained if p-nitrophenyl phosphate, easily penetrating through the erythrocyte membrane, was used as an exogenous substrate.

[Role of peroxides in changes in brain mitochondria energy metabolism following exposure to schizophrenic patients' serum]. / Rol' perekisei v izmenenii énergeticheskogo metabolizma v mitokhondriiakh mozga pri vozdeistvii syvorotki krovi bol'nykh shizofreniei.

Antioxidants normalize some of the characteristics of energy metabolism in mitochondria from the rat cerebral cortex, altered as a result of exposure to blood serum from patients suffering from continuous schizophrenia. Meanwhile, antioxidants proved little effective after administration of blood serum from patients with attach-like schizophrenia. The whole blood serum and low-molecular fractions (ultrafiltrate, protein-free) obtained from it (the first group of patients) increased the intensity of malonic dialdehyde accumulation by the test system, whereas in the second group of patients, this process, exposed to the analogous blood fractions, proceeded less violently. It is concluded that one of the reasons for alterations in energy metabolism exposed to blood serum from patients with continuous schizophrenia is the toxic action of peroxidation products.

[Changes in the metabolism of cerebral mitochondria under the influence of sera from schizophrenic patients and their relatives]. / Osobennosti izmeneniia metabolizma mitokhondrii mozga pod vliianiem syvorotki krovi bol'nykh shizofreniei i ikh rodstvennikov.

With the aid of a polarographic method it was demonstrated that the blood serum of schizophrenic patients and their relatives, unlike the blood serum taken from normal donors evoke a significant change of the metabolism in the mitochondria of the hemispheric cortex. The intensity of oxidation and respiration control under the influence of these sera change similarly, while the intensity of phosphorylation and oxidation with phosphorylation coupling change significantly to a higher degree under the influence of the blood of probands. Changes in the metabolism indices of mitochondria under the influence of these sera to a significant extent are genetically determined.

[Effect of lithium on the energy metabolism of nervous tissue]. / Vliianie litiia na énergeticheskii metabolizm nervnoi tkani.

Lithium (0.5--4 mM) either significantly increase, either completely normalizers the intensity of the oxidative and energy metabolism of the brain mitochondria, decreased by the influence of the blood serum of patients with manic-depressive psychosis and attack like schizophrenia. At the same time lithium gives an insignificant increase in the intensity of processes of phosphorilation in cases of an action of the blood serum of patients with a continuous development of schizophrenia. Processes of phosphorilation become normalized in a joint action on the mitochondria by lithium and antioxidants. In the process of phosphorilation in comparison with the blood serum of patients who do not receive this preparation. It is assumed that an increase in the intensity of the energy metabolism is one of the mechanisms of therapeutical and prophylactic action of lithium.