ABSTRACT
Two sesquiterpenes were isolated from the agarwood originating from Gyrinops salicifolia with various chromatographic techniques, and their structures were determined as 12-hydroxy-dihydrocyperolone(1) and(rel)-4ß,5ß,7ß-eremophil-9-en-12,8α-olide(2), through a combined analysis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic evidence. Compound 1 was a new compound. Compound 2 showed cytotoxicities against K562 and BEL-7401 cell lines, with IC_(50) values of(17.85±0.04) and(21.82±0.07) mg·L~(-1), respectively [taxol as positive control, with IC_(50) values of(1.97±0.11) and(6.31±0.08) mg·L~(-1)].
Subject(s)
Sesquiterpenes/pharmacology , Thymelaeaceae/chemistry , Wood/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology , Cell Line, Tumor , Humans , Molecular Structure , Phytochemicals/isolation & purification , Phytochemicals/pharmacology , Sesquiterpenes/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Two new 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone derivatives (1â»2), comprising 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone and benzylacetone moieties, together with one new 2-(2-phenylethenyl)chromone (3) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extraction of agarwood originated from Gyrinops salicifolia Ridl. All structures were unambiguously elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectra as well as by HRESIMS data. All isolated compounds were tested for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity and cytotoxic activity against human myeloid leukemia cell line (K562). However, none of the compounds displayed AChE inhibitory activity at a concentration of 50 µg mL-1 or cytotoxic activity against K562 cell line.
Subject(s)
Flavonoids/chemistry , Thymelaeaceae/chemistry , Cell Line, Tumor , Flavonoids/pharmacology , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Molecular Structure , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The metastasis of axillary lymph node (ALNs) is a critical step in the initial cancer staging of newly diagnosed breast cancer (BC) patients. Various imaging modalities can enhance the sensitivity of clinical examination in assessing the ALN status. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We enrolled 135 patients with BC, confirmed via histopathology, including 4 bilateral BC cases. A total of 139 ipsilateral ALNs adjacent to the breast lesion were examined via physical examination, ultrasonography (US), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); of these, 100 were nonpalpable ALNs, as determined by experienced breast surgeons and physicians. The relative size parameters on MRI and US images were recorded. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were conducted, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was compared. RESULTS: Of 139 ALNs, 67 (48%) were malignant and 72 (52%) were benign on pathological examination. In all of the ALNs, the US short diameter appeared to be the most discriminative quantitative measurement for detecting positive findings (AUC, 0.854). In nonpalpable ALNs as well, the US short diameter exhibited the greatest discriminability (AUC, 0.746). However, the 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional parameters on MRI did not exhibit any significant differences between the enrolled and nonpalpable ALNs (P > .05). CONCLUSION: The shortest diameter on US exhibited better discriminative ability than MRI for predicting positive ALNs in nonpalpable axillae. Moreover, the 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional parameters on MRI did not differ in terms of discriminability.
