ABSTRACT
Experiments were carried out on male white rats of Wistar strain, placed in metabolic cages in a room with artificial light and dark at 12-hour periods. Furosemide in a dose of 4 mg/kg was used intraperitoneally singly or after pretreatment with methoxamine in a dose of micrograms/kg or prazosin in a dose of 0.2 mg/kg. The renal excretory function was examined for a period of 2 hours. It was established that methoxamine usage increased diuresis without changing substantially sodium, potassium and total osmotic excretion. The application of furosemide after pretreatment with prazosin causes enhanced diuretic, sodium and chloruretic effect without potentiating potassium excretion. Separate examination of nephron functions by lithium clearance and its derivatives shows that alpha-adrenergic blockade reduces both proximal and distal resorption of water and sodium. The interaction of alpha-adrenergic agonist and alpha-adrenergic blocker affects chlorine excretion electively. After application of methoxamine the chloruresis, induced by furosemide, diminishes, but after prazosin pretreatment is increased.
Subject(s)
Furosemide/pharmacology , Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/drug effects , Animals , Diuresis/drug effects , Diuresis/physiology , Drug Interactions , Kidney/drug effects , Kidney/physiology , Male , Methoxamine/pharmacology , Prazosin/pharmacology , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/physiologyABSTRACT
The efficacy of the inhalation treatment of bronchial asthma with low heparin doses was studied in 107 patients 18 to 65 years of age (mean age 43.9 years), men 46 (46.99%), women 61 (57.09%), duration of the disease from 1 up to 18 years. 29 patients (27.10%) had atopic bronchial asthma, 78 patients (72.90%) had mixed and infectious-allergic bronchial asthma. In all patients the disease was in a state of aggravation with various degree of bronchial obstruction. The results of the study show that heparin applied by inhalation in low doses of 5000 U in the course of 10-12 days is highly effective. Positive effect was found in 101 patients (94.39%) and in 84 of them (78.50%) it was considered as very good. Marked good effect was registered in patients who received corticosteroids simultaneously and their doses could be reduced or their application discontinued. It is suggested that the good results of the heparin inhalation treatment were to some extend due to the environmental conditions of the region of Sandanski, South West Bulgaria, where the study was carried out. The resort zone Sandanski is well known for its bioclimatic conditions which are favourable for the treatment of non-specific respiratory infections.
Subject(s)
Asthma/drug therapy , Heparin/administration & dosage , Administration, Inhalation , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Asthma/physiopathology , Chronic Disease , Drug Evaluation , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , SpirometryABSTRACT
Having in mind that ADH affects reapsorption of osmoticaly free water the authors examined urine diuresis together with its osmolality in 85 recipient rats. The animals endured water loading of 5% of their body weight by means of stomach lavages twice at 45 minutes intervals for a period of 3 days. Vena jugularis was cannulated under narcosis with heparinized polyethylene catheter, which was attached to the skull by means of a special socle. The training water loading continued two more days, after which AD activity or a standard solution of ADH was tested. Urine was collected every 15 minutes for a period of 120 minutes and its volume and osmolatily was determined. 0.2 ml of saline, standard or plasma, prepared for removal of nonspecific antidiuretic activity was administered on the 30th minute of the second water loading. There was a linear dependence between osmolality of urine and the administered amount of ADH. A standard curve of the ratio osmolality/microunits of ADH was prepared. The values of osmolality, obtained during administration of plasma were compared with those of the standard curve and the amount of ADH was determined in microunits. The method assures quantitative determination of ADH in values pover 10 microunits, which are obtained in animals after experimental affects and in some diseases of persons.
